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Добавление к корню слова:
– префиксов
– суффиксов
– окончаний
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I. Словообразование
Read and translate the following derivatives
to direct – directly – indirectly – direction;
to consider – to reconsider – considerable – consideration – considerate;
to construct – to reconstruct – constructive – construction;
vapour – to vaporize – vapourous – to evaporate – evaporation;
special – specially – speciality – to specialize – especial – especially;
to inject – injection – injector;
to continue – continuous – continuation – to discontinue – discontinuity;
equal – equality – equally – to equal – to equalize – unequal;
to interpret – interpreter – interpretation;
facile – to facilitate – facility – facilities.
anti-hero, anti–social, anti-nuclear;
illogical, illegal, illiterate;
impossible, immobile, immortal;
incapable, inexpensive, inhuman;
irregular, irresponsible, irrational;
disconnect, disorder, disadvantage;
misuse, misunderstand, misspend;
non–-conductor, non-stop, non-interference.
Чередование ударения
in′crease – ′increase
de′crease – ′decrease
to su′bject – ′subject
to trans′port – ′transport
to im′port – ′import
to pro′gress – ′progress
to pre′sent – ′present
Конверсия (корневое словообразование)
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iron – to iron
effect – to effect
test – to test
heat – to heat
air – to air
last – to last
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master – to master
want – to want
very – the very
only – the only
flow – to flow
change – to change
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II. Заимствования
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Arabic:
Dutch:
Greek:
French:
Italian:
Japanese:
Chinese:
Russian:
Spanish:
Latin:
Old Norse:
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admiral, algebra
yacht, boss, deck
theatre, astronomy, logic, telescope
boil, roast, village, painter, table
piano, violin, spagetti
tycoon, karate
tea, silk
vodka, sputnik
cigar, canyon, mosquito
index, item, major, memorandum
skirt, birth, window, they, them
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III. Слова нового образования (“created” words)
xerox – to xerox – xeroxed
mackintosh , sandwich, submarine, X-ray, pop, helicopter, rock’n roll,
hot dog, watt, bell.
Тема 2. Трудности перевода
apart from – помимо, кроме
to result in – приводить к чему-либо
to result from – происходить из-за чего-либо
thanks to – благодаря, за счет чего-либо
due to – благодаря, из-за
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thanks to – благодаря
owing to – за счет чего-либо, благодаря
by means of – посредством
in order to – для того чтобы
as well as – так же как и
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Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian
A.
Apart from the Russian scientists, a lot of invited participants made their reports on the last conference on Nanotechnology.
Apart from the gravitation force, friction also acts upon this body.
Mathematics and mechanics as well as engineering physics are studied at technical universities.
Copper as well as silver are good conductors.
Due to the rapid progress in electronics it has become possible to create supercomputers.
Spaceships can communicate with the Earth due to the long distance radio signals.
The motion of electrons results from a force acting upon them.
The publication of this article resulted in the great interest of the scientific society.
New design of this machine resulted from the recent experiments.
Our planet is protected from harmful ultraviolet radiation by means of ozone layer.
В.
Apart from discovering the Periodic Law Mendeleyev predicted the existence of some unknown elements.
Apart from applying the a.c. in practice, Yablochkov worked out the principle of the transformer and constructed the first one.
Nuclear power plant gives off almost no air pollutants apart from the power plants, which release combusted gases into atmosphere.
The nuclear power stations designed to produce heat as well as electrical energy are called nuclear heat-and-power plants.
Since carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas, we must concern ourselves with the rate at which our civilization produces it as well as the rate at which the Earth absorbs it.
At present it's possible to treat a lot of illnesses due to the properties of lasers.
Thanks to the development of such new branch of science and technology as cosmonautics, the 20th century can be called “Space Age”.
Due to the high speed of computer, a lot of mathematical operations can be solved per second.
Reactors are much more reliable owing to the graphite, which withstands high temperatures.
The well done chemical experiment resulted in the discovery of new properties of the composite material.
The object's resistance to the change in velocity results in its greater inertia.
Representing the electric field by means of these lines helps us to picture the forces between the charged bodies.
The energy of flowing water is converted into mechanical energy by means of hydraulic turbines.
The steam is deflected by the blades of the first disk, and then by means of stationary blades it is turned so that it will strike the blades of the next disk.
It is well known that circulating water at power stations is cooled by means of cooling towers.
In order to realize that project a new electricity generating station has been opened.
In order to prevent strong shock, all electric wires at home should be isolated.
The scientists conducted a lot of experiments in order to prove the property of this metal.
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