английский за проф направлением. Укладач Триполець В.І. Рецензенти
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11. Work with your classmate: write words and word combinations, which may characterize:
IV. Speaking 1. Describe differences between the educational system structure in Great Britain and Ukraine. Discuss their advantages and disadvantages. 2. Make a dialogue with your group mate. One of you is an Englishman, who knows very little about Ukrainian schools. The other one is a future teacher of English from Ukraine showing much interest in preschool institutions, primary and secondary education in England. Try to interrupt each other with questions to get some more information comparing the two systems and using, topical vocabulary. V. Supplement. Text 1 1.Read and translate the text into Ukrainian. VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN UKRAINE The, basic idea of the modern school is implementation of the principle of combining education with productive work, linking school and life, and combination of general, polytechnic and vocational education in the secondary school. The major task of vocational and technical education of young people is to train cultured and technically qualified workers for all branches of the national economy. At the age of 15—16, all young people should engage in socially useful labour within their powers and all their further education should be associated with productive labour in the national economy. A well-balanced plan of the humanities and of polytechnic education will enable young people to make a correct choice of a career. Polytechnic education gives the pupil an idea of what the key branches of modern industry and agriculture are. It gives him or her proficiency in a trade or profession. At lessons the pupil learns how the laws of natural and mathematical sciences are applied to modern production. In the school workshops the pupils master various operations and acquire labour habits, learn to know the technological properties of materials, the structure and use of certain hand and machine tools. During the excursions to industrial and agricultural enterprises the pupils observe various production processes. In rural schools the children acquire a basic knowledge of plant-growing, stock-breeding and selection. They are also taught how to handle agricultural machines. Practice work on plots of land is included in the general syllabus of all rural schools. 2. Ask your friend direct or indirect questions on the text. 3. Fill the gaps with prepositions. a) They are also taught how ... handle agricultural machines, b) A well-balanced plan ... the humanities and ... polytechnic education will enable young people ... make a correct choice ... a career, c) It gives him or her proficiency ... a trade or profession, d) Practice work ... plots ... land is included ... the general syllabus ... all rural schools, e) ... the age of 15—16, all young people should engage ... socially useful labour ... their powers and all their further education should be associated ... productive labour ... the national economy. Text 2 1. Render the text in Ukrainian. THE SYSTEM OF EDUCATION IN THE USA Inthe United States the education system differs from state to state. In each school the principal, i.e. the headmaster, draws up curriculum for each grade. There are many different kinds of schooling: public schools, private schools, parochial schools, schools specializing in the arts, literature or science, etc. All American children aged 6 to 18 years (or 16 in some states) get free compulsory education. The most common system of education comprises: nursery school from 3 to 4 years; kindergarten (4—6 years); elementary school (6—12 years; 1st—6th grades); junior high school (12— 15 years; 7th—9th grades); senior high school (15—18 years; 10th— 12th grades). In public schools the curriculum varies in each state, for instance the subjects New York State requires in the 7th and 8th grades are: English; social studies (history, geography, economics); science; maths; technical education; home and career skills; art and music; library skills; physical education (three times a week); health; foreign language. A typical school day starts at 8.30 or 9.00 a.m. and ends at about 3.30 p.m. In many schools a day still begins with a salute to the American flag. Lessons are normally held five days a week, from Monday to Friday. In most American schools television is widely used in teaching and there are television channels which offer a wide range of new educational shows. They are free, most do not have commercials and some provide teachers' guides. The American magazine Newsweek has called a television set "the second blackboard" and "the teaching tube". Many states are encouraging the use of television in class. Some, like Virginia and South Carolina, produce their instructional shows and deliver them via satellite. 2. Summarize what you've learnt about the American system of education. 3.Continue the sentences from the text. a) The typical school day starts ... b) Lessons are ... c) In the United States education... d) In Public Schools the curriculum ... e) In most American schools ... f) The most common system of education ... g) In most American schools television ... h) All American children receive ... 4.Comment the following quotations. ٧Experience is the best teacher. ٧One is never too old to learn. ٧The roots of education are hitter, but the fruit is sweet. (Aristotle) ٧Experience is the mother of wisdom. ٧Future is purchased by the present. (Samuel Johnson) IV тема: Психічне і фізичне здоров’я. IV тема: Психічне і фізичне здоров’я. 10. Diseases (Захворювання) I. Active vocabulary.
II. Lead in. Work with the text. 1. Відповісти на питання.
2. Match the definition with words.
3. Replace the italicized parts of the sentences with equivalents from the text.
III. Read and translate the text. DISEASES Think about the last time you were sick. How did you feel? Being sick is not fun. Sometimes you have to stay in bed. You may not want to eat. You may not be able to play with your friends. Very small living organisms are all around you right now. They are so small that you need a microscope to see them. These very small living organisms are called germs. Germs are in the air. Germs are on your desk. Germs are even inside your body. Germs can cause diseases. A disease is a sickness. Different germs cause different kinds of diseases. There are many kinds of germs. Bacteria are one-celled germs. Some bacteria may make you sick. A sore throat may be caused by a type of bacteria. Not all bacteria make you sick. The cells of bacteria can have three shapes. A virus is the smallest kind of germs. It grows inside the cells of other living things. A virus can make you sick. Some viruses cause colds, flu, and other diseases. Germs Live in Your Body Your body is a warm place, in which germs can live. Your body has food for them. It also has water for them. Germs need warmth, food, and water. Most of germs can grow where there is warmth, food, and water. Your body kills most of the germs that grow inside it. Sometimes it cannot kill enough of germs. When too many germs begin to grow, you become sick. Your body may need help to fight the germs. Medicine kills some kinds of germs. HOW YOU ARE PROTECTED Suppose you are at a football game. You hear people yell "Defense!". They want their team to defend their goal. To defense means to protect or guard. The team without the ball tries to stop the other team from scoring. They protect their goal. Your body has ways of protecting itself from germs. Your skin is one kind of defense. It can stop germs from entering your body. If the skin is cut or broken, germs can enter your body. Keeping cuts clean is one way to help your skin protect your body. Some germs do enter your body. Certain cells in your blood kill these germs. These blood cells are another defense against diseases. Another body defense is producing antibodies' An antibody is a chemical in blood that kills germs. Each antibody kills a certain kind of germs. Antibodies are produced by your body in two ways. Each time you are sick because of a germ, the blood makes antibodies kill that kind of germ. Antibodies are also made after you are given a vaccine. A vaccine is made of dead or weak germs that cause your blood to produce antibodies. These antibodies kill any of those germs that may enter your body. You can also help protect your body from diseases. Wash your hands with soap and water after you use a toilet. Do not get too close to people who are sick. Have your doctor give you checkups. IV. Language development. 1. Are the sentences true or false? Correct false statements.
10. A person by himself can't defend himself from diseases. 2. Answer the questions.
10. How can you defend yourself from germs and diseases? V. Speaking 1. Complete the sentences with proper words.
1. I have a sore_______.
2. Word Search. Translate and find the names of diseases.
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