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Make infinitives (add “to”) or gerunds (add “-ing”) of the verbs in brackets to make the following sentences grammatically correct.
1. When I’m tired, I enjoy ... television. It’s relaxing. (watch)
2. It was a nice day, so we decided ... for a walk. (go)
3. It’s a nice day. Does anyone fancy ... for a walk? (go)
4. I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind ... (wait)
5. They don’t have much money. They can’t afford ... out very often. (go)
6. I wish that dog would stop ... It’s driving me mad. (bark)
7. Our neighbour threatened ... the police if we didn’t stop the noise. (call)
8. We were hungry, so I suggested ... dinner early. (have)
9. Hurry up! I don’t want to risk ... the train. (miss)
10. I’m still looking for a job but I hope ... something soon. (find)
Make infinitives (with or without “to”) or gerunds (add “-ing”) of the verbs in brackets to make the following sentences grammatically correct.
1. She doesn’t allow ... in the house. (smoke)
2. I’ve never been to Iceland but I’d like ... there. (go)
3. I’m in a difficult position. What do you advise me ...? (do)
4. She said the letter was personal and wouldn’t let me ...it. (read)
5. We were kept at the police station for two hours and then we were allowed ... (go)
6. Where would you recommend me ... for my holidays? (go)
7. I wouldn’t recommend ... in that restaurant. The food is awful. (eat)
8. The film was very sad. It made me ... (cry)
9. Carol’s parents always encouraged her ... hard at school. (study)
Complete the following sentences with infinitives (add “to”) or gerunds (add “-ing”) of the verbs below to make them grammatically correct.
Answer, apply, be, be, listen, make, see, try, use, wash, work, write
1. He tried to avoid ... my question.
2. Could you please stop ... so much noise?
3. I enjoy ... to music.
4. I considered ... for the job but in the end I decided against it.
5. Have you finished ... your hair yet?
6. If you walk into the road without looking, you risk ... knocked down.
7. Jim is 65 but he isn’t going to retire yet. He wants to carry on ....
8. I don’t mind you ... the phone as long as you pay for all your calls.
9. Hello! Fancy ... you here! What a surprise!
10. I’ve put off ... the letter so many times. I really must do it today.
11. What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine anybody ... so stupid?
12. Sarah gave up ... to find a job in this country and decided to go abroad.
Some verbs mean something different when they are followed by the to-infinitive or –ing:
verb
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+ to-infinitive
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+ -ing
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Go on
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One action follows another: After university she went on to get a job as a vet
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An action is repeated or continued: She went on talking even though the film had started.
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remember
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You remember before you do the action: As long as you remember to do what you’ve been told, it’s fine
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You remember after dong the action: I remember feeling really scared
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forget
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The action did not happen: I forgot to post my application forms
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The action happened: I’ll never forget meeting you that cold winter’s day.
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stop
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There are two actions and the first stops so that the second can begin: I stopped to ask the way
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There is one action which stops: I am going to stop studying for a while.
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try
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Make an effort to do something. You may not always be successful: I try to find out why he is barking.
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Experiment with doing something: She tried adding a bit more sugar but it still tasted horrible.
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need
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The subject of the sentence will do the action: I need to mend my jeans
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There is a passive meaning: My jeans need mending.
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We use verb + object + infinitive without to: feel, hear, help*, let, make*, notice, see, watch.
*I made them translate the article. (in passive we use make with to-infinitive. – I was made to translate the article.)
*help can be followed by an infinitive with or without to.
!!! With the following verbs: advise, allow, cause, encourage, forbid, force, invite, permit, persuade, recommend, remind, teach, tell, order, and warn. we always put an object between the first verb and the infinitive.
Mrs. Grant is teaching Justin to play the piano.
They always encourage the students to plan their revision.
Could you remind me to set the alarm for 6 a.m.?
Some verbs – advise, allow, forbid, permit, recommend can also be followed by an –ing form as an object.
The management does not allow staff to smoke. BUT: The management does not allow smoking.
We recommend the students to use good dictionaries. BUT: We recommend using good dictionaries.
To make the infinitive negative we put not BEFORE to:
I chose not to study at this college.
Choose the correct variant.
Peace activist Baroness Bertha von Suttner encouraged Alfred Nobel ... a prize for peace. (establish / to establish / establishing / to be established)
The police officer made Neil get out of the car and demanded … his driver's licence.(see / seeing / to see / to be seen)
In the time of Peter the Great the noblemen were not allowed … beards. (have / to have / having / having had)
They wouldn't let ... the country without the entry visa, would they? (him to enter / he enters / him enter / him entering)
Fred couldn’t make … that he had caught the huge fish himself. (I believed/ me believe / me believed / me to believe)
Nick was very close to the phone-box and Mary noticed him … the number, and then she heard him ... something to passer-by. (to dial, to say / dialing, to say / to dial, say / dial, say)
Nick was seen ... the hall and then Jane watched him ... (enter, go away / be entered, to go away / enter, go away / to have entered, to be gone away)
It's too late now, but I will always regret ... John to do the work. (to ask / asking / ask / to be asked)
My friend Moira stopped ... whole milk because she is on a diet. (to buy / buying / buy / to be bought)
They were allowed... discussing the plans, so their partner introduced himself and went on to talk about the project. (to continue / continuing / continue / to be continued)
Complete the sentences using either the Infinitive or Gerund. Insert prepositions if necessary.
Remember – after get used to/ be used to we use -ing form.
He used ... (think) that life ended at 40, but now when he’s 41, he knows it’s not true.
It’s five in the morning. I’m not used ... (get) up this early,
It’s impossible... (cut) with this knife. It’s blunt.
My father enjoys ... (listen) to jazz music.
I’m sorry... (hear) that your mother isn’t well.
Harry looked so funny that I couldn’t help ... (laugh).
I couldn’t help them ... (find) what they were looking for as I was in too much of a hurry.
I’d like... (cook) something special when guests come.
What do you feel like... (do) tonight?
My dad promised ... (buy) me a bike if I passed my exams well.
I hate... (wait) in queues. It really annoys me.
I looked forward ... (see) you again soon.
It’s difficult ... (concentrate) when there’s loud playing on the radio.
We stopped for a while ... (admire) the scenery.
He can’t afford ... (hire) a taxi every day.
Is it worth ... (run) such an awful risk?
Would you mind ... (fetch) another chair?
I offered ... (pay) for the meal, but she refused.
I’m sorry... (disturb) you, but could you tell me the time?
20.My younger sister can’t stop... (eat) sweets.
21.He dislikes... (spend) money on car repairs.
22.I remember... (go) to Venice as a child.
23.I suggested ... (call) a taxi so we wouldn’t be late.
24.I can’t stand ... (wait) in queues.
25.There used to ... (be) a cinema in our village but it closed down three years ago.
26.He is Spanish so he’s used ... (drive) on the right.
27.Did you remember ... (send) your sister a card? It’s her birthday today.
28.Have you tried ... (read) a book to help you to sleep?
29.Nowadays I’m used... (go) to bed early.
30.He’ll never forget ... (see) the Grand Canyon for the first time.
31.He offered ... (drive) me to the airport.
32.I’ll stop ... (lend) you money if you waste it on cigarettes.
33.Maya stopped ... (tie) her shoelace.
34.John suggested ... (go) together in one car.
35.Will you stop ... (make) so much noise, boys?
36.It’s difficult to get used ... (sleep) in a tent after having a soft, comfortable bed to lie on.
37.Linda offered ... (look after) my cat while I was out of town.
38.Could you please stop... (whistle)! I’m trying ... (concentrate) on my work.
Complex Object (The Objective Infinitive Construction)
Подлежащее
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Глагол
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Объект
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Инфинитив
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I
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want
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you
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to help
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me
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Jim
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saw
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her
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enter
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the train
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You
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made
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me
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regret
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my decision
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We
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believe
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them
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to be
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right
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Tomas
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ordered
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the car
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to be washed
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She
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waited for
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us
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to calm down
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Verbs used with Complex Object
Verb
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Object
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Infinitive /Participle I
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1. Mental activity: know, believe, think, etc.
2. Declaring: report, declare, pronounce, etc.
3. Wish and intention: wish, intend, want, etc.
4. Feeling and emotion: love, hate, like, etc.
5.Order and permission:
Allow, order, etc.
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Somebody
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To + V
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1. Sense perception: hear, see, watch, etc.
2.Compulsion: make (заставлять), get (добиваться)
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Somebody
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V
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1. Sense perception: hear, see, watch, notice, etc.
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Somebody
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V (for a single action)
V-ing (for continuous action in progress )
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Open the brackets using Complex object. Translate the sentences.
My brother taught ( I ) to swim and dive.
They would like (we) to read aloud.
Bob advised (she) to stay for another week.
We expect (he) to arrive at noon.
I heard (you) open the door.
Dad always makes ( I ) go fishing with him every weekend.
Our parents expect (we) to stop quarreling.
Sara never lets (he) drive her car.
I saw (you) cross the street.
Put TO if, it’s necessary
We heard the lorry … stop near the house.
I want my elder sister … take me to the zoo.
I believe the Internet … be the greatest invention ever.
The teacher doesn’t let us … use our mobile phones.
They didn’t expect her … be late.
The police officer made him … tell the truth.
I would like you … admit your fault.
Swan believes Vicky … be the best manager in our store.
Nick persuaded me … go in for sports.
We saw Jacob … break the window.
I consider this sculpture … be a masterpiece.
She noticed Mary suddenly … turn pale.
Use Complex Object
Example: I want that she will cook mushroom soup. – I want her to cook mushroom soup.
The children were laughing and enjoying themselves on the beach. Their parents saw them. – Their parents saw … .
They said: “He is an expert in our industry.” – They consider … .
The bike disappeared in the forest. The policeman noticed it. – The policeman noticed …
Elvis said to his son: “Don’t watch horror films.” – Elvis doesn’t let … .
“Mummy, please, buy me that doll”, said the little girl. – The little girl would like … .
Dad says that I can travel to China with you. – Dad allows … .
He swears a lot. Many people heard that. – Many people heard … .
“Bring me some water from the well,” my grandmother said. – My grandmother wanted … .
Somebody was watching me. I felt that. – I felt … .
Daniel said: “Helen, you can go to a night club tonight.” – Daniel let … .
Open the brackets and use the Complex Object.
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