методичка СР, 5, 2,3к. Методичні вказівки з розвитку комунікативної компетенції студентів з предмету Англійська мова за професійним спрямуванням
 Скачать 1.63 Mb.
|
|
1. Read A opposite. Choose a term from this word web to complete the sentences below. Hard disk Access time floppy disk drive ↑ Transfer rate ← Magnetic storage → portable hard drive ↓ ↓ Backup sectors track 1. The first rule of data is to make a ……………………… of all important files. A ……………………. is slower than a hard drive and can only hold 1.44 MB disks. The…………………… inside your PC is made of aluminium alloy covered with a magnetic coating. This makes the disk itself a rigid plate, hence its name. The …………………… are circles around a disk and the ……………. are segments within each circle. This hard drive is a 60 GB IBM model with a fast ……………… of 8 ms. The …………………… is the rate of transmission of data from the disk to the CPU. This is usually described in megabytes per second. Apple’s iPod music player can double as a ……………. for transporting computer data. 2. Complete this product description with words: CD, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW, Portable DVD players, multi-format playback, headphones. The Panasonic DVD-LS91 is a top-of-the-range ………….., which provides pure entertainment wherever you go. It has a big 9 inch built-in ………………LCD, so you can really enjoy movies. The built-in stereo speakers allow you to listen along, or if you want to listen alone, just plug in a pair of …………… . This portable machine provides …………. ……………….., so you can play DVD Audio\ Video, CD-R\RW, DVD-RAM, DivX and MP3 files. Its compact design features a built-in rechargeable 6 hour battery pack. The DVD-LS91 allows 6 hours of playback, provides a perfect way to entertain yourself and your kids during long trips. 3. Which device or format would be more suitable for storing these things? 1. the operating system and the programs on the home computer 2. an electronic encyclopedia for children 3. a movie in digital format 4. The music tracks by your favourite artist 5. all the files generated by a company in one day 6. the photos taken with a digital camera. Lesson 7 1. Read and translate the text: Computers and work A. Jobs in computing Most ICT-related jobs have developed to meet the need to analyze, design, develop, manage or support computer software, hardware or networks. All the people involved in the different stages of development of a computer project, i.e. analysts, programmers, support specialists, etc. are controlled by a project manager. Analyze A database analyst is in charge of the research and development of databases, network analysts study the network requirements and recommend the most suitable type of network; system analysts decide what ICT system will cater for the requirements of a specific institution. Design and Develop Web designers, also called webmasters, create and maintain web pages and web applications for websites. Software engineers, either application programmers or system programmers, plan design, and test computer programs. Hardware engineers design and develop ICT devices. Security specialists specialize in the design of software and hardware to protect information from malware: viruses, spyware, etc. Manage Network or computer systems administrators install and maintain networks. Database administrators manage the accuracy and efficiency of databases. Support Computer operators control computer data processing. Help desk technicians are in charge of troubleshooting, the solution of technical problems. Computer training instructors or trainers teach people how to use hardware and software. Technical writers write the instructions for ICT systems. Classify these jobs under the heading that best describes their function. They all appear in A opposite.
Analyze design\develop manage support a…………..b…………c…………..d……….e…………f………g………..h…….. Draw lines between the columns to make true sentences about jobs in A opposite. A technical designer controls all the operations and people in project. A project writer writes documentation of a program or device. A web specialist plans and keeps websites updated. A security manager designs applications against viruses. 3. What jobs in A opposite are being offered in these advertisements? 1. We are seeking a person to operate peripheral computer equipment, and perform report distribution duties and backup procedures on our servers. Major Responsibilities: Operating printers and unloading reports from the printer and distributing them through the internal mail system. Performing backups on various operating systems. Analyzing and troubleshooting problems in the Data Centre reported by Help Desks or IT support associates. 2. The successful candidate will be responsible for maintaining logical and physical database models as well as managing the database. Job Requirements: Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, a related field or equivalent experience. Analytical skills and a proficiency in developing structured logic. 3. Answer the following questions: How have computers changed the way you work or study? Make a list of the advantages and disadvantages that teleworking might have for you. Lesson 8 1. Read and translate the text: Generations of Computers. There are two main types of computers, analog and digital, although the term computer is often used to mean only the digital type, because this type of computer is widely used today. That is why I am going to tell you about digital computers. Everything that a digital computer does is based on one operation: the ability to determine: on or off, high voltage or low voltage or — in the case of numbers — 0 or 1 or do-called binary code. The speed at which the computer performs this simple act is called computer speed. Computer speeds are measured in Hertz or cycles per second. A computer with a ”clock speed” of 2000 MHz is a fairly representative microcomputer today. It is capable of executing 2000 million discrete operations per second. Nowadays microcomputers can perform from 800 to over 3000 million operations per second and supercomputers used in research and defense applications attain speeds of many billions of cycles per second. Digital computer speed and calculating power are further enhanced by the amount of data handled during each cycle. Except two main types of computers, analog and digital there are eight generations of digital computers or processing units. The first generation was represented by processing unit Intel 8086. The second generation central processing unit was represented by processing unit Intel 80286, used in IBM PC AT 286. The third generation is Intel 80386, used in IBM PC AT 386. The microprocessors of the fourth generation were used in computers IBM PC AT 486. There are also central processing units of the fifth generation, used in Intel Pentium 60 and Intel Pentium 66, central processing units of the sixth generation, used in computers Intel Pentium 75, 90, 100 and 133. Few years ago appeared central processing units of seventh and eighth generations. They are much more powerful and can perform from 2000 to over 3000 million operations per second. 2. Mind the following words and word-combination: electronic device — електронний пристрій to receive — одержувати, приймати set of instructions — набір/звід інструкцій to carry out — виконувати society — суспільство storage — збереження handling — обробка transaction — операція to enhance — підвищувати, збільшувати. essential — істотний tool — інструмент, знаряддя network — мережа source — джерело analog — аналоговий digital — цифровий ability — здатність, можливість to determine — визначати voltage — напруга discrete operation — дискретна дія to perform — виконувати, здійснювати defence — оборона, захист to attain — досягати amount of data — обсяг даних except — за винятком, крім processing unit — обчислювальний пристрій 3. Answer the following questions. 1. What is computer? 2. What is the main purpose of all computers? 3. Where are computers used? 4. What is the index of computer speed? 5. What speeds do modern computers have? 6. How many generations of digital computer are there? 7. What is the first generation processing unit? Lesson 9 1. Read and translate the text: Programming languages (A) Programming is the process of writing a program using a computer language. A program is a set of instructions which a computer uses to do a specific task (e.g. a solution to a Maths problem). The only language a PC can directly execute is machine code, which consists of 1s and 0s. This language is difficult to write, so we use symbolic languages that are easier to understand. For example, assembly languages use abbreviations such as ADD, SUB, MPY to represent instructions. The program is then translated into machine code by software called an assembler. Machine code and assembly languages are called low-level languages because they are closer to the hardware. High-level languages, however, are closer to human languages; they use forms resembling English, which makes programming easier. The program is translated into machine code by software called a compiler. Some examples are: ● FORTRAN - used for scientific and mathematical applications ● COBOL - popular for business applications ● BASIC - used as a teaching language; Visual BASIC is now used to create Windows applications ● C - used to write system software, graphics and commercial programs ● Java - designed to run on the Web; Java applets are small programs that run automatically on web pages and let you watch animated characters, and play music and games. The languages used to create Web documents are called markup languages; they use instructions (markups) to format and link text files. Examples are: ● HTML - the code used to create Web pages ● VoiceXML - it makes Internet content accessible via speech recognition and phone. Instead of using a web browser on a PC, you use a telephone to access voice-equipped websites. You just dial the phone number of the website and then give spoken instructions, commands, and get the required information.  2. Match the terms from A opposite with their definitions.1. Programming a) basic language which consists of binary codes 2.machine code b) programming language such as C, Java or Visual BASIC 3.assembly language c) writing computer programs 4.high-level language d) low-level language translated into machine code by an assembler 5.Java applet e) software which converts a source program into machine code 6.compiler f) language used to create and format documents for the Web 7.markup language g) small self-contained program written in Java 3. Complete this article about the VoiceXML application language with the words from the box.
Internet: Voice recognition takes off You don't need a sophisticated cell phone to surf the Internet when you're on the road - just your own voice. That's the idea behind a new breed of voice service that is popping up all over the place. Subribers (1)……………………………………….a toll-free phone number and use spoken (2) to listen to anything from weather conditions to stock quotes, or flight information to news stories. Half a dozen of these services - such as Audiopoint, BeVocal, TellMe and TelSurf Networks - have already gone live or are testing their systems. These launches are all happening because two crucial technologies have come of age. (3)…………………………..software from companies such as Lucent, Nuance and Speechworks can now understand a wide range of accents and diction without having to be trained to a specific voice. And computer languages such as VoiceXML make it as easy to write voice services as (4)…………………….has made it to write web pages. With (5) , the human voice becomes a substitute for a computer mouse and the spoken command for a click. It doesn't, however, call up conventional web pages, but content which is specially composed for a telephone: sound clips, numbers, music, spoken texts. The Economist |