ЛГ Практикум. Практикум по английскому языку для студентов медицинских вузов Воронеж 2009 удк 881. 111 Ббк 81. 423. 1

• Название: Практикум по английскому языку для студентов медицинских вузов Воронеж 2009 удк 881. 111 Ббк 81. 423. 1
• Анкор: ЛГ Практикум.doc
• Дата: 10.04.2018
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Respiratory System

The 1 _____ function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen through 2_______. 3 _____ is achieved through the mouth, nose, trachea, lungs, and diaphragm. Oxygen enters the 4 ______ system through the mouth and the nose. The oxygen passes through the larynx and the trachea, then enters the 5 _____ cavity. There the trachea splits into two bronchi. Each bronchus then divides again forming the 6 _____ tubes. They lead 7 _____ into the lungs. The inhaled oxygen passes into the alveoli and then diffuses through the capillaries into the 8 ____ blood. Meanwhile, the waste-rich blood from the veins releases its carbon dioxide into the alveoli. The diaphragm is a 9 _____ sheet that lies 10 _____ the bottom of the chest cavity. As the diaphragm contracts and relaxes, breathing takes place.

(1)PRIME (2)BREATH (3) INSPIRE (4) RESPIRE (5) THORAX (6) BRONCUS (7) DIRECT (8) ARTERY (9) MUSCLE (10) CROSS

b. Use the words from the right column next to the text to form one word that fits the same numbered space in the text.

Functions

Tongue: This 1 ______ organ moves the food around during 2 ______ and initiates swallowingby moving the food to the pharynx. Esophagus: 3 _____ of the swallowed food to the stomach by peristalsis. Stomach: 4 _____ of the food that was eaten, turns its contents into a chyme, 5 ______ digests protein, absorbs water, and produces substances important for 6 ______ in the small intestine. Intestine: Digestion of all groups of food continues here, digested food is absorbed and 7 _____ foods are moved to the large intestine. Trachea: air passageway with a lining designed to catch 8 _____ found in the inhaled air. Lung: for 9 _____ of CO2 and O2.

(1) MUSCLE (2)MASTICATE (3) MOVE (4) STORE (5) PARTIAL (6) ABSORB (7) DIGEST (8) PURITY (9) CHANGE

c. Use the words from the right column next to the text to form one word that fits the same numbered space in the text.

Human Physiology

Physiology is the study of the functions of the body at the 1 _____ level.  It occurs at three general levels: molecular,   cellular, 2 ______. There is an inseparable 3 ______ between structure and function in the human body.  The human organism is known 4 ______ as Homo sapiens, meaning the intelligent human 5 ______. 6 ______ methods of human 7 _______ are called somatotyping. The 8 ______ human being performs many functions as a part of 9 _______ life. They are: nutrition, motion,  10 ________,  control.

(1) CELL (2) REGION  (3) RELATION (4) SCIENTIFIC (5) BE (6) VARY (7) CATEGORIZE (8) LIVE (9) DAY (10)PRODUCTION

d. Use the words from the right column next to the text to form one word that fits the same numbered space in the text.

Dreaming

The first study of what goes on in our heads during dreaming has been completed, casting light on an 1 ______ of human 2 ______ that people have always found 3 ______. The research, reported in the journal Nature, opens up a 4 ______ new chapter in efforts to understand what we do with a 5 ______ of our lives. It supports the 6 _______ that dreams are formed by calling up images from a store of 7 ______ memories. Scientists find dreaming an enormous puzzle. Nerve cells of the brain 8 _______ with thousands of their neighbours, producing an 9 _______ amount of chatter. Now, however, 10 _______ are beginning to make sense of the brain`s activity.

(1) ACTIVE (2) BE (3) MYSTERY (4) SIGNIFY (5) THREE (6) SUPPOSE (7) EMOTION (8)COMMUNICA- TION (9) BELIEVE (10) RESEARCH

e. Use the words from the right column next to the text to form one word that fits the same numbered space in the text.

Malaria

Malaria is one of the most common 1______ diseases in the world. So far the only kind of its 2 _______ has been distributing mosquito nets and basic medicines. 3 ______ and doctors have been working on malaria vaccine for years. All the produced vaccines have not been 4 _______ . Research on the malaria vaccine arouses 5 _______ interest in countries where malaria is undoubtedly a most 6 _______ disease, causing 7 ______ loss of life and 8 ______ problems. Everybody is waiting for 9 ______ trials of a new medicine as future costs of malaria spreading are still 10 _______.

(1) INFECT (2) PREVENT (3) SCIENCE (4) EFFECT (5) CONSIDER (6) DANGER (7) MASS (8) ECONOMY (9) SUCCESS (10)PREDICTABLE

Chapter III. GRAMMAR
1. Grammar of Tenses and Verb Forms

a. Open the brackets using the correct verb form

An Anatomy Class

In the practical Anatomy class medical students 1(study) the human body. The principal parts of the human body 2 (be) the head, the trunk and the extremities. We 3(speak) of the upper extremities (arms) and the lower extremities (legs).

The head 4 (consist) of two parts: the skull which 5 (contain) the brain, and the face which 6 (compose) of the forehead, the eyes, the nose, the mouth with the lips, the cheeks, the ears, and the chin.

The ear 7 (have) three principal parts: the external ear, the middle ear, and the internal ear. The head 8 (connect) with the trunk by the neck. We 8 (breathe) with the lungs. The heart 9 (contract) and 10 (make) about 60-80 beats per minute.
b. Open the brackets using the correct verb form

A Dental Clinic

There 1 (be) a lot of dental clinics, surgeries and laboratories in our country. Future dentists 2 (train) in medical institutes and academies all over the country. This medical career 3(become) extremely popular nowadays and every year more and more school graduates 4(enter) medical colleges to become dentists. Everybody 5(can receive) all kinds of dental service.

Every dental polyclinic 6 (consist) of three departments: the department of dental therapy, the department of dental surgery and orthopedic department. If a patient 7(have) some trouble with their teeth, he or she 8(consult) a dentist either in a state or in a private clinic. Private dental care 9(appear) at the beginning of 90^th of the XX century. Since then it 10 (develop) rapidly giving a high quality treatment to its patients.
c. Open the brackets using the correct verb form

Human Anatomy

The principal organs in the abdominal cavity 1 (be) the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the intestines, the kidneys, the gall-bladder and the bladder.

The framework of bones 2(call) the skeleton. It 3( support) the soft parts and 4 (protect) the organs from injury. The bones 5 ( cover) with muscles.

The upper extremity 6 (connect) with the chest by the shoulder. Each arm 7(consist) of the upper arm, the forearm, the elbow, the wrist and the hand. We 8( have) four fingers and a thumb on each hand. The lower extremity (the leg) 9 (consist) of the hip (the thigh), the knee, the calf, the ankle and the foot.

The body 10 (cover) with the skin.
d. Open the brackets using the correct verb form

The Development of Dentistry

The development of dentistry 1 (start) many centuries ago. Medical writings from the sixth century B.C. 2 ( find) during excavations in the 19^th century in Egypt. They 3(contain) prescriptions for toothaches and the swelling of gums. Yet it wasn’t until 1840 when the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery 4(open) to train future dentists that formal dental education 5( appear).

Nowadays millions dentists 6 (graduate) from medical schools, colleges and universities all over the world. They 7 (promote) oral health and 8 (teach) their patients preventive dentistry. Today’s dentists 8 (work) with other health professionals so a high quality treatment 9 (give) to any patient. The dentist of tomorrow 10( be) a scientists and a leader to meet the new treatment demands.