Практикум по английскому языку к практическим занятиям по дисциплине Иностранный язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации
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The importance of managing projects wellGeorge Stephenson built a railway from Liverpool to Manchester in the 1820s. It was 45 per cent over budget and there were a lot of delays. Today, it is still difficult to manage big projects. The construction of Wembley Stadium, the home of English soccer, was £750m ($1.4 billion) over budget and the project finished late. Smaller projects can also have problems. Research shows that IT projects often have problems with budgets and deadlines. In 2004, the cost of IT projects was usually 56 per cent more than the budget, and most projects took 84 per cent more time than planned. Some projects fail because the work takes longer than planned. Sometimes the cost of labour or materials is more than the agreed budget. But good project management can increase a company's profits. A big German company decided to improve its project management, and the result was that it added one billion euros per year to its profits. Project management isn't a new science. It has an international association, the Project Management Institute (PMI), based in Pennsylvania, USA. The PMI sets professional exams that thousands of people take every year. It has 150,000 members in 150 countries. All of the members are specialists in managing projects. So, it is possible for big projects to succeed. The Saudi-Aramco Haradh gas pipeline is one example. The $2 billion project finished six months early and 27 per cent under budget. The project manager and the client were both very happy. Задание 2. Отметьте галочкой упомянутые в тексте проекты: □ retail □ construction □ electronics □ IT □ education Задание 3. Перечитайте текст “Project analysis” и определите, являются ли данные ниже утверждения истинными (true) или ложными (false): 1 George Stephenson's project finished on time. false 2 Many big projects have problems. T IT don't have problems with deadlines. F IT projects are often more than 50 per cent over budget. F Some projects fail because they are late or have unexpected costs. T The PMI has members in different countries. T The Haradh gas project cost more than the planned budget. F Задание 4. Выпишите из текста все глаголы в Past Simple. Built, were, was finished, planned, decided, added, based, succeed. Задание 5. Используйте глаголы в скобках в Past Simple: Three Canadian students(work)ed together on a college project last year and their idea (make)made them a million dollars in ten months. IT students Carl Newman, Elizabeth New and Janet Collins (start)ed a website to help people with computer problems. Their teachers (say)said that it (be)was a good idea. More and more people from all around the world (visit)ed the website. In June they (sell)sold the idea to an international media corporation. Their college course (finish)ed three months ago. Now the three friends live in Toronto and have a successful IT company. Задание 6. Заполните пропуски, используя предлоги in, on, atтам, где необходимо: The project started in… May 2007. Are you free …on Monday morning? Charles visited the factory … last February. What do you usually do on…New Year's Day? Ask Sunil to finish the budget in… the morning. The client wanted to see the plans …atthree thirty. Задание 7. Заполните пропуски, используя данные ниже слова: International, more, client, late, succeeded, failed QLD has offices in New York, Rio and Paris. It's an International …company. This IT project is expensive because the …client keeps changing the plans. Grace doesn't like to be late so she always arrives five minutes before themeeting starts. The project … succeeded because we had an excellent team. Patricia never studies: she … failed her engineering exams last week. The price of materials is high, so we need more… money in the budget. Задание 8. Подчеркните предлог, который не может использоваться с данным словом: under behind over on budget on ahead of in behind schedule Задание 9. Замените следующие слова и фразы, используя один из предлогов + существительное из задания 8: on time______on schedule____ late______behind schedule ____ early___ahead of schedule _______ at the money available__on budget________ more than the money available_____over budget _____ less than the money available_____under budget _____ Задание 10. Заполните пропуски предлогами in, on, atтам, где необходимо: They started the meeting___at_10am. Francis went to Geneva__in__July. I'm flying to Bucharest__in__this afternoon. Did you go to the gym ____ last night? He can see you ___on_Thursday afternoon. Give me the report_at___the morning. I went to the cinema __at__the weekend. Is Gerard free__on__Tuesday, 16th May? They finished the building __in__the summer. Mark started his job__on__Monday 2nd January 2006. Задание 11. Заполните пропуски, используя данные ниже слова: First, then, finally, after that, next _______ First __, we decided who to have as project leader. ___Next______ we agreed a budget. ____After_____ ____that_____we talked to customers about what they want. __Then_______we had a meeting with the design team. _____Finally____, we built a test product and showed it to the CEO. Литература: [1, 5]. Практическое занятие № 10 БИЗНЕС РЕШЕНИЯ BUSINESS SOLUTIONS Теоретическая часть Данный лексический материал предназначен для знакомства и овладения специальными терминами, активному использованию предлагаемых слов и словосочетаний, подготовки к чтению, переводу и обсуждению текстов официально-делового стиля.
Задания Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст: Lighting up the world |