английский. Учебник английского языка для вузов. Спб. Издательство Северная Звезда
 Скачать 3.55 Mb.
|
|
Text ID Loosing your good name online ALL IT TAKES IS YOUR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER, AND SOMEBODY CAN STEAL YOUR IDENTITY—AND THE NET'S MAKING^IT"EASIER FOR THE BAD GUYS In just two days after leasing two expensive sport utility vehicles last spring, Kenneth Morse was finally stopped by a third dealership. Noting Morris's suspicious SUV-buying spree through a credit check, the New Jersey Mercedes dealer said no deal. It was a good thing, because the real Kenneth Morse was more than 250 miles away pushing papers at his desk in upstate New York. With just his name and Social Security number, someone had hijacked Morse's credit-worthiness and was joy riding it for al. it was worth. The cops, who weren't mud help, knew enough to suspect he had given out his Social Security number somewhere online. The suspect was ultimately caught, and Morse's name was cleared—as best as he can tell. He still doesn't know exactly how it all happened. And he still drives his old Camry, a rusty beater with 160,000 miles. Morse was a victim of the worst kind of privacy violation—the theft of his identity. This alarming prospect is poised to be an increasingly common nightmare as the tendrils of the Internet take root even deeper in our daily lives. All it takes is your name and your Social Security number, and your identity can be plucked from you easier than a coat from a closet With Social Security numbers being used an account identifiers by financial-service firms, health care companies and motor vehicle departments—all of which are going online—it is becoming easier for impostors to put on your happy face. Once it's stolen, count on bureaucratic torture: a seemingly endless telephone and letter-writing campaign trying to atone for your alter ego's sins. Peter Neumann of the R&D firm SRI International calls identity theft the "hidden down side of computing." The advent of e-commerce is inadvertently endangering privacy. Companies have long boasted about the efficiency, convenience and personalized service that distinguish commerce online. But that promise hinges on the merchants' intimate knowledge of their customers' tastes and behavior. For starters, they know who their customers are, where they live and their credit-card numbers. And the more someone buys, the more the seller finds out about him: likes bourbon and trash novels; sends someone not his wife flowers every Wednesday. Any Web-site operator can reconstruct a visitor's every move on his site: what pages he viewed, what information he entered and the Internet service he uses. Privacy advocates warn that most online companies won't fight subpoenas seeking access to those logs. " Getting your identity stolen online isn't as unusual as you might think. Three weeks ago John Aravosis, a Washington, D.C., Internet consultant, logged onto AOL and found an e-mail warning that his account was involved in criminal activity in certain chat rooms. Realizing someone had been logging into his account, he wanted to make sure AOL knew it wasn't him in the event any records became public. He began a weeklong lobbying effort, calling AOL, privacy groups and a senator's office. Ultimately, he found out that the "criminal" activity was software piracy, and he's still waiting for a letter from AOL that clears his name. Aravosis says he never gave out his password, nor did he download a malicious program, but AOL staffers suspect he did. Using AOL's Instant Messenger service, online cons can send a user a missive posing as an AOL employee who needs the user's password for some reason or another. "We are experiencing difficulties with our records... I need you to verify your logon password to me so that I can validate you as a user." If you don't fall for that ploy, you could become the unwitting victim of a "Trojan horse" program—an innocuously named e-mail attachment that stores your password when you open it. The program then e-mails the information to the perp. So you have to be digitally vigilant. Guard your Social Security number as if it were the master key to your life, which it is. And plead with your insurance company and financial institution not to use the number as your account ID (good luck). Paranoid, maybe, but it could have saved William Bergau. In May 1998 the 35-year-old college recruiter and his wife had their wallets stolen from their car and returned the next day. But the thief kept checks and Bergau's Social Security card, which he used to obtain a fraudulent driver's license by telling he had lost the original. He successfully purchased goods and withdrew money. But the real problem hit Bergau when the pretender started getting arrested, under Bergau's name, for drunken driving, marijuana possession and grand-theft auto. A year after the theft, when Bergau was on vacation with his wife and kids in Arizona, thousands of miles from home, he was pulled over for speeding. "His" record—for driving under the influence—came up, and the cop wanted to lock him up. "The kids are in the van thinking Daddy's going to jail," he says. But Bergau explained the theft of his identity and, after more letters and calls, he finally got off the hook. He wasn't ensnared online, but the Internet makes his predicament more imaginable for the rest of us. Now Bergau carries around a series of letters from agencies and the police explaining his plight. But the notes give him little comfort: "I'm going to spend my whole life picking up the pieces of this guy's dirty work." For him—and anybody whose identity is lifted in cyberspace—it's hard to see if he'll ever truly get his name back. BY JARED NEWSWEEK SEPTEMBER 20, 1999 Note:
Vocabulary: lose* - терять steal* - красть identity card - удостоверение личности lease - брать в аренду high-end utlity vehicle dealership - сделка suspicious - подозрительный SUV - камера видеозаписи deal - сделка hijack - ограбить а/м на дороге worthiness - стоимость; возможность cop - разг. полицейский suspect - подозревать rusty - ржавый victim - жертва violation - нарушение theft - кража alarming - тревожный prospect - перспектива increasingly - все в большей мере common nightmare - общий кошмар tendrils - бот. усики take* roots - укореняться closet - встроенный шкаф account identifier - определитель счета healthcare - здравоохранение impostor - самозванец, мошенние vehicle - средство передвижения, (любой) транспорт put* on - здесь: присвоить count on - рассчитывать на torture - пытка atone - заглаживать, возмещать sin - грех crook - разг. жулик, плут cause - вызывать, быть причиной criminal - преступник lock onto - нацеливаться на marriage liense - свидетельство о браке county courеhouse - окружной суд safeguard - охрана (в т.ч. и прибор) compound - осложнять advent - приход inadvertently - нечаянно, непреднамеренно endanger - подвергать опасности boast - восхвалять, хвастаться distinguish - различать depend (on) - зависеть (от) merchant - торговец, продавец customer's taste - вкус клиента for starters = first of all advocate - защищать warn - предостерегать guru - инд. учитель liken (to) - cравнивать (с) VCR - видео log - войти involve - вовлекать in the event - в случае lobby - защищать (интересы) effort - попытка ultimately - в конечном итоге piracy - пиратство password - пароль download - загружать malicious - преднамеренный, злобный staffer - staff member - сотрудник thief - вор missive - официальное послание posing - ставящий (вопрос) verify - проверять, удостоверять validate - подтвердить unwitting victim - невольная жертва attachment - приложение store - хранить perp(etrator) - нарушитель, преступник vigilant - бдительный guard - охранять master key - отмычка plead - обращаться с просьбой insurance - страховой recruiter - тот, кто набирает (на службу) wallet - кошелек obtain - получать, добиваться fraudulent -обманный, мошеннический purchase - приобретать, покупать goods - товары withdrew* money - снимать сеньги pretender - лже(кто-то) possession - владение grand-theft auto - крупный автоугон pull over - разг.: задержать driving under the influence jail - амер.: тюрьма speeding - превышение скорости get* of the hook - разг.: снять с подозрения plight - здесь: тяжелое положение comfort - утешение dirty - грязный tip - совет, намек protect - защищать floodgate - шлюз(ные ворота) guard - охранять attachment - приложение stranger - незнакомый человек spread - распространять WORD STUDY. Ex. Match the phrases with their Russian equivalents:
a/ украсть удостоверение личности b/ приносить мало утешения c/ укореняться d/ искать доступ (к) e/ снять с подозрения f/ отмечать нечто подозрительное g/ подозрвать кого-то в совершении h/ вызывать проблемы i/ облегчить что-то j/ схватить подозреваемого k/ восхвалять эффективность Ex. Match the words and phrases with their Russian equivalents:
a/ "второе Я" b/ здравоохранение c/ вкусы клиетов d/ никакой сделки e/ под влиянием/воздействием f/ нарушение конфиденциальности g/ невольная жертва h/ окружной суд i/ пароль j/ в случае k/ водительские права l/ преступная деятельность m/ свидетельство о браке n/ настораживающая перспектива o/ широко используемый p/ все в большей мере присущий Ex. Translate the following sentences into English.
Comprehension Check. Ex. Answer the following questions:
Topics to discuss.
Text IIA TELLING THE TRUTH Freedom of information in the USA and UK 1.GOVERNMENT RECORDS THE USA The federal Freedom of Information Act says, in general, that all US citizen can inspect and copy any of the records of the various federal government departments. There are some exceptions -many defense and foreign policy matters are kept secret, for instance. And people are not allowed to obtain information about other citizens' private affairs. The Freedom of Information Act only applies to federal record State governments do not have to open their records to the public and the majority do not. BRITAIN The Local Government (Access to Information) Act says that loc. government meetings must be open to the public (with a few exceptions), and that the public may inspect any documents which were consulted at the meetings. But at the time of writing (1987), Britain has no law similar to the Freedom of Information Act. So there is at present no general right to inspect national or local government records, though this may change during the ne few years. 2. PERSONAL FILES THE USA Under the Freedom of Information Act, people can find out whether federal authorities hold files on them, and can inspect an' copy their files. State governments are not obliged by law to show individuals their personal files. BRITAIN From November 1987, the Data Protection Act gives people the right to see, check and if necessary correct any information about themselves which is kept in computerised records. But people have no right to see personal information which is held in non-computerised records. British local government authorities keep files on large numbers of people - for instance, all those who have had anything to do with the local authority housing, social services or education departments. Some local authorities allow people to see their own files. (In Barnet, in London, for instance, schoolchildren are allowed to see their own files, and from the age of ten they can stop their parents seeing them.) But many local authorities keep people's files secret. So unless these files are computerised, individuals may not be able to check the truth of what is written about them. However, an Access to Personal Files Bill is going through Parliament, and may become law in 1987. If this happens. British people will be able to see what is written about them in some kinds at records (though they will still not be allowed to see their medical 3r banking files unless these are computerised). Vocabulary. government records - правительственные документы (записи) citizen - гражданин inspect - проверить, рассмотреть copy - снять копию exception - исключение defence - оборонa, защита matter - вопрос allow - позволять, разрешать obtain - получать affairs - мн.ч.: дела apply (to) - относиться (к) similar (to) - подобный, схожий personal files - личные дела under - здесь: согласно, в соответствии find* out - выяснить authorities - власти obliged - обязан have smth. to do (with) - иметь дело (с) housing - обеспечение жильем, жилищный фонд Word Study. Ex. Match the phrases with their Russian equivalents: 1.local authorities 2. policy matters 3. exception to the rule 4. freedom of information 5. private affairs 6. data protection 7. personal file 8. similar law 9. access to information 10. defense matters a/ вопросы обороны b/ доступ к информации c/ политические вопросы d/ личные дела e/ местная власть f/ свобода информации g/ подобный закон h/ личное дело i/ защита данных j/ исключение из правил Ex. Match the phrases with their Russian equivalents: 1.to keep secret 2. to be applied (to) 3. to be obliged 4. to show records to individuals 5. to obtain information 6. be available to public 7. to correct any information 8. to copy any records a/ применяться (в) b/ быть доступным для общественности c/ исправить любую информацию d/ хранить в тайне e/ переписать любые записи f/ быть обязанным g/ показывать запись отдельным лицам h/ получать информацию
Comprehension Check. Ex. Answer the following questions.
Topics to discuss.
|