Учебное пособие Кривцова, Кочетова. Учебное пособие для обучающихся по техническим и экономическим направлениям подготовки бакалавров
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Степени сравнения прилагательных образованных от другого корняНекоторые прилагательные образуют степени сравнения не по общим правилам, т.е. образуются от другого корня.
7. Translate into Russian. 1. English is as difficult as German. 2. My essay is not as long as yours. 3. It isn’t as warm today as it was yesterday. 4. The house his aunt lives in is as old as the one his uncle lives in. 5. His apartment isn’t as elegant as her apartment, but it’s much bigger. 6. Johnny isn’t as rich as Don but he is younger and much happier. 7. My dog isn’t as friendly as your dog. 8. Eis hockey is as popular as football in Russia. 9. A football match isn’t as exciting as a hockey match. 10. The hotel isn’t as cheap as we expected. 11. The results of the experiment were not as bad as they had expected. 12. This book is as expensive as my dictionary. 8. Form the comparative and superlative degree of these adjectives. Hot, long, short, clever, silly, great, red, black, white, thin, thick, fat, nice, warm, cold, merry, small, tall, high, weak, strong, heavy, light, green, dry, clean, dirty, wide, deep, brave. 9. Translate into English. Старый, старше, самый старый, самый старший, мой старший брат, мой старый друг, дальше, самый дальний, самый длинный, короче, счастливый, счастливее, самый счастливый, самый лучший, самый черный, длиннее, хуже, лучше, теплее, её лучший друг, её младший сын, его старший сын. 10. Use the adjectives in brackets in appropriate form. 1. – How do you like Smucker’s Sweet Orange Marmalade, Mrs. Johnson? – I think it’s (delicious). It’s (delicious) than the marmalade I usually buy. – We agree with you, Mrs. Johnson. We think Smucker’s Sweet Orange Marmalade is (delicious) marmalade in the world. 2. The rivers in America are (big) than those in England. 3. The island of Great Britain is (small) than Greenland. 4. What is the name of the (high) mountain in Asia? 5. The English Channel is (wide) than the Straits of Gibraltar. 6. Russia is a very (large) country. 7. Which is (large): the United States or Canada? 8. What is the name of the (big) port in the United States? 9. Moscow is the (large) city in Russia. 10. The London Underground is the (old) in the world. 11. There is a (great) number of cars and buses in the streets of Moscow than in any other city of Russia. 12. St Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world. 11. Write in as … asor so … as. 1. Mike is … tall … Pete. 2. Kate is not … nice … Ann. 3. My room is … light … this one. 4. This book is not … thin … that one. 5. Sergei is … old… Michael. 6. She is … young … Tom’s brother. 7. This woman is … good … that one. 8. Nick’s English is not … good … his friend’s. 9. I am not … tall … Pete. 10. This woman is … young … that one. 11. I am … thin … you. 12. Kate is … lazy … her brother. 13. This child is not … small… that one. 12. Use the adjectives in brackets in appropriate form. 1. We should eat (healthy) food. 2. Today the streets aren’t as (clean) as they used to be. 3. It’s (bad) mistake he has ever made. 4. This man is(tall) than that one. 5. Asia is (large) than Australia. 6. The Volga is (short) than the Mississippi. 7. Which building is the (high) in Moscow? 8. Mary is a (good) student than Lucy. 9. The Alps are (high) than the Urals. 10. This garden is the (beautiful) in our town. 11. She speaks Italian (good) than English. 12. Is the word “newspaper” (long) than the word “book”. 13. The Thames is (short) than the Volga. 14. The Arctic Ocean is (cold) than the Indian Ocean. 15. Chinese is (difficult) than English. 16. Spanish is (easy) than German. 17. She is not so (busy) as I am. 18. It is as (cold) today as it was yesterday. 19. She is not so (fond) of sports as my brother is. 20. Today the weather is (cold) than it was yesterday. 21. This book is (interesting) of all have read this year. 22. January is the (cold) month of the year. 23. My sister speaks English (bad) than I do. 24. Which is the (hot) month of the year? 25. Which is the (beautiful) place in this part of the country? 26. This good-looking girl is the (good) student in our group. 13. Use the adjectives in brackets in appropriate form. 1. Her eyes are (grey) than mine. 2. He was the (fat) man in the village. 3. As he went on, the box became (heavy) and (heavy). 4. My sister is the (tall) girl in her class. 5. Who is the (attentive) student in your group? 6. It is autumn. Every day the air becomes (cold), the leaves (yellow). 7. This is the (beautiful) view I have ever seen in my life. 8. Your handwriting is now (good) than it was last year; but still it is not so (good) as Nick’s handwriting. Nick has a (good) handwriting than you. And of course Nellie has the (good) handwriting of all. 9. Oil is (light) than water. 10. We shall wait for a (dry) day to go on the excursion. 11. A bus is (fast) than a tram. 12. Take some of these sweets: they are very (nice). They are (nice) than the sweets in that box. 13. He clearly did not like the explanation, and as he listened to it, he became (angry) and (angry). 14. He worked (hard) and (hard) as the end of the term came nearer. 15. The (tall) trees in the world grow in California. 16. Please be (careful) next time and don’t spill the milk again. 17. Bobby was a (quiet) child. He was (quiet) than his sister. 18. My pie is (delicious). Everybody says it’s out of this world! MODULE 2. HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM UNIT 1. THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA
LEVEL OF EDUCATION IN RUSSIA (ELDER THAN 14 YEARS OLD, 2010, %) Higher Education --------------------- 23% Incomplete Higher Education --------5% Secondary Vocational Education (colleges, professional schools) ------------------------------------37% Secondary Education ----------------------18% General Education ----------------------17% 1. Talk about these questions. 1. What do you think about a level of education in Russia? Is it high or low? 2. Is 23% of higher education enough to consider a country well-educated?
2. Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the text “The system of higher education in Russia”. education – образование the Ministry for Education and Science of the Russian Federation–Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации higher education establishment (institution) – высшее образовательное учреждение (ВУЗ) State Educational Standards - государственные образовательные стандарты to issue – выдавать to ensure – обеспечивать, гарантировать vocational - профессиональный to cover –защищать, разрешать mutual recognition– взаимное признание fields of study – области исследований. public (state) – государственные non-public (non-state) –не государственные tuition –обучение to be entitled- иметь право discerns – различать to perform fundamental scientific research - выполнять фундаментальные научные исследования is specified - определяется Natural Sciences, Humanities – естественные и гуманитарные науки. curriculum (sing.) – учебный план, curricula (pl.)-учебные планы to apply to enter – подать заявление на поступление supervisor – научный руководитель academic year – учебный год assessment (test) week – зачетная неделя to pass – сдавать экзамены to defend project (paper) – защищать проект (реферат) to award - присуждать Bachelor of Science degree – степень бакалавра наук Master of Science degree – степень магистра наук Diploma of Specialist – диплом специалиста Candidate of Sciences degree – степень кандидата наук Doctor of Sciences degree –степень доктора наук 3. Read and translate the following international words. Look up their transcriptions in the dictionary if necessary. Mind the part of speech. Jurisdiction, Ministry, accreditation, licensing, standards, diplomas, academic, international, documents, qualifications, University, Academy, Institute, students, professor, culture, fundamental, program, semester, session 4. Match the words in column A with the definitions from column B A B 1. public……. a) course of study in a school or college 2. to award……. b) teaching 3. to pass……… c) speak or write in support of 4. assessment…….. d) not private 5. tuition……… e) give or grant 6. curriculum……… f) be examined or accepted 7. to defend …….. g) evaluation
5. Read the text and underline or mark the main ideas of this text. RUSSIAN SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION The Russian higher education is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry for Education and Science of the Russian Federation , which is responsible for the accreditation and licensing of higher education establishments, and for developing and maintaining State Educational Standards. Only accredited higher education establishments have the right to issue state diplomas and degrees ensuring full vocational and academic rights, and are covered by the international agreements on mutual recognition of education documents. All state degrees awarding specific qualifications to a graduate, irrespective of the type of educational institution (University, Academy, and Institute) and the ownership pattern (state, municipal, non-state), are equal in status. Higher education is provided by state (public) and non-state (non-public) accredited higher education institutions. Part of students of state and all students of non-state institutions have to pay for their tuition. Admission selections of higher education institutions are based on results of the State Unified Exam. School graduates are to pass three exams: two on obligatory subjects (Russian and Mathematics) and 1 for choice. Minimum requirements for admission include a grade point average of 100 for three subjects. Some prestige institutions require higher than 100 point average to be admitted. There are two levels of higher education: 1. Basic higher education (4 years) leading to the Bachelor's degree, the first university level degree or Diploma of Specialist. The Bachelor's degree is awarded in all fields except Medicine after defending a Diploma project prepared under the guidance of a supervisor and passing the final exams. 2. Postgraduate higher education (5-6 years or more). After two years, students are entitled to receive a Master's degree. After a Master's degree, students can continue to study towards a doctoral degree: they are Candidate of Sciences and Doctor of Sciences degrees. The Russian Federation discerns the following types of higher education establishments: 1. Federal University (FE) - the leading higher educational institution in the Federal District, the Center of Science and Education. 2. National Research University (NRU) - higher educational institution equally effective in carrying out the educational activity and scientific research programs based on the principles of integrating science and education. 3. University (U) is a diversified educational institution with a wide range of educational programs in various fields of knowledge. 4. Academy (A) prepares a wide range of professionals of any directions of human activity (agriculture, healthcare service, arts, tourism, economics, finance and so on). 5. Institute (I) is preparing specialists to work in a specific area of professional activity. The study program follows the corresponding curriculum. The content of the subjects is specified in accordance with State Educational Standard. All the subjects in State Educational Standard are grouped in the following areas: general scientific, socio-economical, humanities, general professional, and special. Study program also includes practical training, independent study, course and diploma project (paper), state exam. The academic year starts on the first of September and ends at the end of June. It is divided into autumn and spring semesters. Semester is a study period of 15- 16 weeks during which a course is taught. Each semester ends with one assessment week during which students take course tests and present assignment work and defend course projects. Exam session lasts for two or three weeks during which the students pass the exams.
6. Answer these questions: 1) Is Russian higher education centralized or decentralized? If “yes”, what is the highest body of management? 2) What is the difference between University and Institute? 3) What are the main types of higher education institutions in Russia? 4) Do students of state institutions have to pay for their tuition? 5) How do students can be admitted to higher education institutions? 6) Tell about the academic year. 7) How long does the exam session last? 8) Enumerate the main academic grades. 9) What are two levels of doctoral degree, which do not have an equivalent in Western systems of education? 7. Match the words and phrases in column A with the verbs from column B A B higher education starts students are grouped the Bachelor's degree is defended Diploma project is awarded subjects pay for their tuition the academic year is provided 8. Retell the text using the following key words: Jurisdiction, accredited higher education establishments, equal in status, public and non-public, Bachelor's degree, Master's degree, doctoral degree, types of higher education establishments, subjects are grouped, academic year. 9. Complete the following description using information from the diagram. If you need help, there is a list of useful expressions below. Ratio of state and private educational institutions in Russia  1. The number of state and private universities is almost ………………………. . 2. There are …………… as many state branches as universities in our country. 3. There are ………………. more state branches than private branches. 4. The number of state specialized professional training schools is ……………… than private ones. 5. There are ………………. private postgraduate schools. 6. Compared with institutions there are …………….. specialized professional training schools than universities. 7. The ………………. of students study in postgraduate schools.
10. Describe this diagram, comparing the number of students in different districts of Russia. 
11. Translate a supplementary text into Russian with a dictionary for 30 minutes. 12. Comment on the statement “Knowledge is Power”. Why is it so important to be a well-educated person? What are the benefits of good education?
13. Read the article “Putin Signs Law on Western-Style Education System” and speak on the main idea of it. The Moscow News № 43, 2-8 November, 2007. Putin Signs Law on Western-Style Education System by Anna Arutunyan the Moscow News Russia's higher education system has been brought in line with that of the West after President Vladimir Putin signed a federal law on a two-tier higher education system on October 25. Until now, most universities offered a diploma after five years of schooling. This kind of diploma was the equivalent of something between a bachelor’s degree and a master's degree, meaning that with it a student could go on to study abroad either for a Ph. D or a master's degree. But the new federal law establishes a "four plus two” system, much like the one in place in the United States and Europe. A student will have to study four years for a bachelor’s degree and two for a master’s degree. Specialist degrees like those in medicine will continue on the five-year system. The federal law will make most universities offer four-year bachelor programs by 2009. This introduces significant changes to the availability of higher education in Russia. By law, a university education is supposed to be free for all Russians who make the grade. But in a two-tier system, that only applies to a bachelor's degree. Going to school for two additional years to get a master’s degree will become more difficult — most of the available places will come at a price, and with just 10 to 15 percent of allotted free spaces, the competition will be high. Aimed at modernizing Russia's universities and boosting their curricula so that are more compatible to the Western system, the federal law is just another step in years-long attempts to become a signatory to the Bologna Declaration on Higher Education, a pledge by 29 countries to reform their higher education system. Objectives in the Bologna Declaration include the adoption of a system of easily readable and comparable degrees and adopting a system based on two main cycles, undergraduate and graduate. The new federal law applies to both objectives. Some universities in Russia have already adopted the two-tier program. The Journalism Department at Moscow State University, for instance, already offers bachelors and masters degrees separately for foreign students, and has been doing so for years. ’'The federal law will make most universities offer four-year bachelor programs”. Some universities in Russia already issue bachelor’s degrees and master’s degrees. 14. Read the article again and discuss the questions with the partner.
and a new one?
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