английский язык. УМК_1 курс_неяз.спец. Unit getting acquainted. Text Rules of introduction. Grammar The verb To be
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Topical vocabulary. narrow road узкая дорога only access единственный проезд property собственность gate ворота to survey исследовать surroundings окрестности clearing участок леса расчищенный под пашню expanse широкое пространство one story high высота в один этаж compact компактный tower башня hill холм view of something вид two-storied building двух-этажное здание attic мансарда, чердак brick walls кирпичные стены to be plastered заштукатуренный to be whitewashed побеленный tile roof черепичная крыша gravelled driveway засыпанный гравием подьезд к дому orchard фруктовый сад entrance door bell звонок у входной двери Ex. 1. Answer the questions. Where was the Dunes' house situated? Was it possible to get there by bus? Was it a usual house for that area? What view can one have from its windows? What can one see around the house? 6.What was the house built of? Ex. 2. Make up questions to which the following sentences might be the answers: 1. We had to walk the last two miles to the Dunes' house. 2. This place was so quiet and beautiful. 3. It was a compact building and rose like a tower on the hill. 4. The windows faced the entire valley. 5. It was a two-storied building with an attic. 6. A two-car garage was to the right of the house. 7. There was an orchard and a vegetable garden near the house. 8. We climbed up the steps and rang the door bell. Ex. 3. Give a short summary of the text. Ex. 4. Find Russian equivalents to the following: 1) an estate agent; 2) to purchase a house; 3) landlord/landlady; 4) to get a mortgage; 5) down payment; 6) to rent a studio apartment; 7) to inherit a property; 8) a tenant; 9) a room to let; 10) a newspaper ad; 11) to pay interest; 12) full board; 13) an apartment owner. Grammar: The Present Indefinite (Simple) Tense. It is formed from the Infinitive without the particle “to”.
The Present Indefinite (Simple) may denote. a permanent action (a fact): She speaks English. They live in France. the general truth: The Earth rotates round its axes. Vegetables grow well in this climate. a repeated, customary action: The Browns go to the seaside every summer. We write two tests each term. a future action if planned beforehand: The train leaves at 10 tomorrow. Ex. 5. Answer the following questions according to the example: Example: What does a driver do?- He drives. What do drivers do?- They drive. 1.What does a singer do? 2. What does a runner do? 3.What do students do? 4. What does a dancer do? 5.What do cooks do? 6.What do dancers do? 7.What does a painter do? 8.What does a typist do? 9. What do writers do? Ex. 6. Write the following sentences in the 3rd person singular. 1. I think I am ill. 2.They often visit their granny. 3.We live in Leeds. 4. You usually speak too quickly.5. Do you like boiled potatoes?. 6. Good animals always obey their masters.7.His dogs always attack the neighbors. Ex. 7. Translate the sentences into English using the Present Indefinite Tense. 1.Я обычно делаю домашнее задание вечером. 2. Мой друг живет на Севере. 3.Моя сестра учится в медицинском колледже. 4.Он всегда навещает нас, когда бывает в Москве. 5.”Сколько времени вы тратите на дорогу домой?” - “Как правило, я трачу на дорогу домой около тридцати минут.” 6.Он теперь редко путешествует. 7..Я не учу французский язык, я учу немецкий. UNIT 8. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. Text: This Fragile Planet. Grammar: The Present Continuous Tense. Практические цели: Закрепление лексического материала по теме “Environmental Protection”, закрепление навыков устной речи и изложения текста, ознакомление с новым грамматическим материалом. This Fragile Planet. The word environment means simply what is around us. Some people live in a town environment; for others, their environment is the countryside. But the air we breathe, the soil on which we stand and walk, the water we drink are all parts of the environment. Nowadays people understand how important it is to solve environmental problems that endanger people's lives. The most serious environmental problems are; -pollution in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution); -noise from cars, buses, planes; -destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty; -shortage of natural resources (metals, different kinds of fuel); -the growth of pollution. Water pollution. How awful it is to live without water. There is no ocean or sea which is not used as a dump. The Pacific Ocean, especially, has suffered from nuclear pollution because some governments test nuclear weapons there. Many seas are used for dumping industrial and nuclear waste. Many rivers and lakes are poisoned too. Fish and reptiles can not live in them. There is not enough oxygen in the water. In such places all the birds leave their habitats and many plants die. If people drink this water they can die. Air pollution. When the Americans decided to clean up the Statue of Liberty in 1986, the first thing they had to do was to make a hole in her nose and take away the acid rain that had collected inside. The polluted air of New York had mixed with the rain and damaged the Statue badly. And you certainly know that most of the pollution in big cities comes from cars and buses. More and more people are told not to be in direct sunlight, because ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer. Normally the ozone layer in the atmosphere protects us from such radiation, but if there are holes in the ozone layer ultraviolet radiation can get to the earth. Many scientists think that these holes are the result of air pollution. Both clean water and clean air are necessary for our health. If people want to survive they must solve these problems quickly. Man is beginning to understand that his environment is not just his own town or country, but the whole earth. That's why people all over the world think and speak so much about ecology. Topical vocabulary. 1. environment окружающая среда 2. to endanger подвергать опасности 3. shortage of smth. нехватка, дефицит 4. dump свалка 5. nuclear pollution ядерное загрязнение 6. weapon оружие 7. waste отходы 8. to be poisoned отравленный 9. oxygen кислород 10. acid rain кислотный дождь 11. ultraviolet radiation ультрорадиация 12. ozone layer озоновый слой 13. to survive выживать 14. ecology экология Ex. 1. Answer the questions. 1. What does the word environment mean? 2. What are the most serious environmental problems? 3. what makes the sea waters dangerous today? 4. Why is it dangerous to dump industrial waste in the sea? 5. why was the Statue of Liberty damaged? 6. Why is it not safe to be in the sunlight in certain places? Ex. 2. Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and word combinations. Жить в условиях города, решать проблемы окружающей среды, угрожать жизни людей, загрязнение водной среды, загрязнение воздуха, разрушение, нехватка природных ресурсов, используется в качестве мусорной свалки, проводить испытания ядерного оружия, промышленные и ядерные отходы, покидать места своего обитания. Ex. 3. Speak about the problems of air pollution and water pollution as you see them. Mention water bodies used as rubbish dumps, destruction of buildings in towns, water and air pollution influence on people's health. Ex. 4. Translate into English. 1. Если мы сможем разрешить экологические проблемы, мы спасем землю. 2. Люди будут здоровыми, если загрязнение воздуха остановиться. 3. Мы выживем, если будем защищать природу все вместе. 4. Когда поедешь на юг, постарайся не находиться под прямыми лучами солнца долго. 5. Когда экология станет лучше, животные вернутся в места своего обитания. Grammar: The Present Continuous Tense.
The Present Continuous may denote: an action going on at the present moment: Why are you wearing that funny hat? What’s that smell? – Something is burning. a future action when it is planned: I am leaving tonight. They are getting married in June. a continuous process (with the adverbs always, constantly): The Earth is always moving. an action thought of as continuous process (with the adverbs always, constantly): He is always grumbling. She is constantly laughing. Verbs not used in the Continuous Form. The following groups of verbs do not express a process, that is why they are not used in the Continuous Form: Verbs denoting sense perception – to see, to hear; Verbs denoting mental activity – to know, to believe, to think (= have an opinion), to doubt, to feel (= have an opinion), to guess, to imagine, to mean, to realize, to recognize, to remember, to suppose, to understand; Verbs denoting wish- to want, to wish; Verbs denoting feeling- to love, to like, to dislike, to hate, to prefer; Verbs denoting abstract relations- to be, to have, to contain, to depend, to belong, to concern, to consist of, to deserve, to fit, to include, to involve, to lack, to matter, to need, to owe, to own, to possess, to appear, to resemble, to seem; Verbs denoting physical properties of objects – to measure (= have length, etc.), to taste (= have a flavor), to smell (= give out a smell), to sound, to weigh (= have weight); Verbs denoting affect or influence- to astonish, to impress, to please, to satisfy, to surprise. NOTE: Such expressions as: to see the sights of; to see somebody home / off; to have dinner (lunch, supper) can be used in the Continuous Form. They were seeing the sights of London when I met them. He is having lunch. denoting an opinion –cannot be used in the Continuous Form. To think denoting a process of thought- can be used in the Continuous Form. 1. I think you are right. 2. I am thinking of what you have just said. meaning “восхищаться”- cannot be used in the Continuous Form. To admire meaning “любоваться”- can be used in the Continuous Form. 1. I admire this man very much. 2. What are you doing here? Admiring the moon? Ex. 5. Continue in the negative. 1. John is standing.(lie down) 2. Father is shaving.(wash) 3. The boys are playing.(fight) 4. We are dancing.(jump) 5. They are speaking.(shout) 6. Mary is running.(walk) 8. I am eating.(drink) Ex. 6. Answer the questions using the words in brackets. Example: Is mother very busy now?(type a report) Yes, she is. She is typing a report. 1. Is Jerry very busy just now? (study) Are the students very busy just now?(read) Is Susan very busy just now?(have breakfast) 4. Are the Greens very busy just now?(shop) Is Miss Black very busy just now?(sew) Is Jane very busy just now?(wash up) Is Henry very busy just now?(skate) Ex. 7. Translate into English. 1.На кого вы сейчас смотрите? – Я смотрю на эту старую даму. 2.С кем разговаривает ваш друг? – Он разговаривает с нашим преподавателем. 3. О чем вы рассказываете своим друзьям? – Я рассказываю им о своем отпуске. 4.Вы сейчас пишете диктант? – Нет, мы делаем упражнение? 5.Куда вы идете вечером? – Мы идем в цирк. 6. Кого встречают эти студенты? – Они встречают иностранных студентов. 7. Куда вы идете? – Я иду на фотовыставку. Unit 9. HEALTH. Text: A Man with a Bad Heart. Grammar: The Past Indefinite (Simple) Tense. Практические цели: Ознакомление с лексическим материалом по теме “Health”. Ознакомление с новым грамматическим материалом, развитие навыков изучающего чтения и перевода на основе текста “A man with a bad heart ”, развитие умений и навыков аудирования, просмотрового чтения. A Man with a Bad Heart. Dan noticed afterward that Max coughed a great deal and was short of breath. After about a week Max said, "/ tore something loose, I think. It rattles when I breathe. Do you know a good heart doctor from a hospital? I don't want to go to my regular doctor. He's Sharon's doctor too and he'll tell her." Dan remembered Dr. Flinch, the physician who had helped him so greatly with the patient with the lung cancer. After his visit Max came directly to the drugstore. He looked somber. "Is he a good doctor?" "The best I've found so far". "He said it was all right for you to call him. I was so nervous I don't remember anything he said". Dan called the physician. The moment he hung up the receiver Max said, "What did he say?" "You have a double lesion —". "Don't talk to me in medical terms. Tell me so I can understand. What kind of operation do I have to do?" "It's open heart surgery. They cut the heart open. They put a pump in its place so that you get oxygen while it's being worked on." "Is the heart beating all the time" "They stop it. It's a dangerous operation but you have no choice." "I'm not getting any operation until Sharon has the baby." Max opened ajar of pills and took one. |