английский язык. УМК_1 курс_неяз.спец. Unit getting acquainted. Text Rules of introduction. Grammar The verb To be
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Ex. 8. Translate into English. 1. Мама будет ждать нас дома в 10 часов.2. Вы будете обедать со мной в понедельник?3. Завтра в это время я буду сдавать экзамен.4. Что они будут делать, когда мы приедем домой?5. Интересно, что мы будем делать через год здесь? 6. Мой сын в будущем году будет в девятом классе.7. Не говорите ей об этом, через минуту она будет плакать.8. Как всегда в это время года я буду работать в саду. Unit 13. FOOD AND MEALS (II). Text: American Food. Grammar: Construction “To Be Going To”. Практические цели: Обобщение лексического материала по теме: "Food and Meals". Закрепление лексики в устной и письменной речи, развитие умений и навыков разговорной речи по теме. Ознакомление, тренировка с грамматическим материалом. American Food. Americans have to wider assortment of foods to choose from than consumers in any other country. Meats, fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts, cereals from various parts of the nation are available throughout the country during any season of the year. Frequently, the problem for the consumer is not the lack of variety of brands of food, but rather the bewildering assortment from which one must choose. In addition, the consumer can choose from foods that are fresh, frozen, caned and cooked or uncooked. Currently, virtually all food stores have available a wide array of frozen foods especially prepared to be heated or cooked in a microwave oven. The microwave oven has revolutionized the home preparation of meals. It, along with the supermarket, where virtually any kind of foods are available, make the preparation of food the most time-efficient in the world. A family can make only one trip a week to the supermarket to purchase its food needs for an entire week. Before the turn of the century Americans will have access to computer-based shopping enabling them to make their buying decisions at home and picking up their purchases at the store or having them delivered to their homes. Since the 1950s fast-food and take-out restaurants have had a phenomenal proliferation, first in the US, and more recently throughout the world. The first fast-food chains like McDonalds, Burger King, Arby's and Wendy's which offer sandwiches, hamburgers, French-fried potatoes, hot dogs, pizzas, pancakes, chili and fried chicken, have been joined by other chains some of which offer Mexican, Chinese and other ethnic foods. The cost of the foods in such restaurants are frequently cheaper than in one were to prepare similar food in one's kitchen. Consequently, an entire family may frequently go to eat at fast food places for convenience and economy. A more recent development in the American food industry has been the demand for healthier foods. The food industry has made available a wide variety of low-fat diary and meat products. Animals are now being scientifically bred to produce lean meat. Even low fat cheeses and ice-creams are being produced. Vegetables, fruit and cereal consumption are increasing. A second demand is for foods grown and produce free of fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides. This has led to the development of the “organic food” industry. Of course, the cost of organic foods is substantially higher than for nonorganic food. The market for organic food has nevertheless been expanding. Topical vocabulary. wider assortment широкий ассортимент consumers потребители nuts орехи cereals крупяные изделия available доступный bewildering сбивающий с толку frozen замороженный canned консервированный microwave oven микроволновая печь home preparation домашнее приготовление to purchase приобретать to deliver доставлять take-out restaurants ресторан обеды на дом convenience удобство food industry пищевая промышленность low-fat низко-калорийный lean meat постное мясо free of fertilizers без удобрения organic food органическая пища to expand расширяться Ex. 1. Read and retell the text. Ex. 2. Answer the questions. What problem do American consumers face when buying food? How often does the family visit a supermarket to purchase its food for a week? What will enable Americans to make their buying decisions right at home? What is the secret of success of fast-food and take-out restaurants? What is more recent development in the American food industry? Which food items are very popular now in America? Ex. 3. Find in the text equivalents to the following words and phrases. Потребители, изделия из дробленного зерна, типы продуктов, консервированный, полуфабрикат, духовка, подавать на стол, запеченная рыба, вегетарианский стол, “быстроешки”, постное мясо, ресторан, “обеды на дом”. Ex. 4. Make up questions to which the following sentences might be the answers. Meats, fish, fruit, vegetables etc. are available throughout the country during any season of the year. Now virtually all food stores have a wide choice of frozen foods specially prepared to be cooked in a microwave oven. The microwave oven has revolutionized the home preparation of meals. Since the 1950s fast-food and take-out restaurants have had a phenomenal proliferation in the U.S. An entire family can often go to eat at fast-food place for convenience and economy. Animals are now being scientifically bred to produce lean meat. A demand for foods grown and produced free of fertilizers has led to the development of an “organic food” industry. Grammar: Construction “To be going to”. “going to (do)” is used when one says what one intends to do in the future. - Are you going to watch the ten o'clock news? - No, I am too tired, I am going to have an early night. when the speaker knows something is about to happen. Usually there is something in the present situation that makes the speaker sure about what will happen: - Look at that little boy at the puddle. He is going to fall into it. The sky is overcast with black clouds. It is going to rain. Ex. 5. Say when you are going to do something. Have you spoken to the manager? (after lunch) Have you made the tea? (gust) Have you bought a car? (soon) Have you done your homework? (just) Ex. 6. Write questions with going to. 1. It is unexpectedly hot today. (what/you/wear) 2. Vlad has given me his latest painting. (where/you/hang it) 3. I've decided to sell the house. (what/you/buy/instead) Ex. 7. Answer the questions using was/were going to. 1. Did you ask Melany to help you? No, I … but I changed my mind. 2. Did they visit the Tate Gallery? No, they … but they changed their mind. 3. Did he attend the meeting? No, he … but he changed his mind. Ex. 8. You have to say what you think is going to happen in these situations. You are my best friend. We have been friends for many years. Now you are going away. (miss) The children went to the woods all by themselves. They don't know the area well. (get lost) There is a hole in Tom's jacket pocket. He's put some small change in it. (lose) Ex. 9. Translate into English. Ты почистил машину? - Нет еще. Я почищу ее завтра. Вы уже пообедали? - Нет еще. Мы как раз собираемся сделать это. Небо такое голубое. Будет чудесный день. Я решила устроить званый вечер. - Кого ты собираешься пригласить? Твои друзья ездили в отпуск в Испанию? - Нет они собирались, но передумали. Экзамен завтра. Ты совсем не занимался. Ты провалишься. Unit 14. SHOPPING. Text: The Big Stores of London. Grammar: The Future Indefinite (Simple). Практические цели: Формирование умений и навыков устной речи (говорения) и письменного выражения мыслей, закрепление лексического и грамматического материала. Развитие навыков диалогической речи по теме "Shopping”. The Big Stores of London. One of the features of London is the number of big stores, most of which are to be found in or near the West End. These stores are the mixture of tradition and modernity. They developed in the nineteenth century; they maintain the dignity of that century, yet there are always ready to follow new trends. The big stores of London are vast big buildings, many stories high, equipped with speedy lifts and escalators, with well-planned lighting, ventilation and heating. Departments are carefully named; “1Budget Dresses” are really cheap dresses- but no customer likes to be thought of as a “cheap” shopper. The same applies to “Ready-to-wear”; it is used to be used for the garments that were not made-to-measure, though now of-the-peg clothes are the rule rather than the exception. “Mother-to-be” or “Lady-in-Waiting” will often be found instead of the conventional “Maternity wear”. Then there are newer words for the new trend of fashion- “Mix-and-Match”, “Unisex”, “Millinery”, “Gowns”, and sometimes still the words derived from the French- “Mantles” for coats, “Layette” for baby-wear. Another feature of London's shopping life is the chain-stores, in which the goods are displayed on open counters. A wide variety of goods is offered- chiefly foodstuffs, household goods, clothing and stationery. These chain-stores have branches in most British towns of importance. One very well-known firm of chemists has shops in many parts of London, too, and in these you may buy not only dairy produce but also groceries, soap and household articles. Most of the food stores, called supermarkets, operate on the self-service system: you go in, puck up a basket, walk round the shop and choose what you want. At the exit there is a check- out point, a cash-desk where you pay for all your goods together. Topical vocabulary. 1. to be found находиться 2. mixture смесь 3. modernity современность 4. to develop развивать to maintain поддерживать dignity достоинство new trends новые тенденции to be equipped оборудованный department store универсальный магазин chain stores магазины филиалы wide variety широкое разнообразие stationery канцелярские товары toilet supplies туалетные принадлежности groceries бакалейные товары household articles предметы домашнего обихода self-service system система самообслуживания check-out point контрольный пункт cash-desk касса shop-window витрина counter прилавок Ex. 1. Answer the questions. What kinds of stores are the features of London's shopping life? Why are big stores of London called a mixture of tradition and modernity? Why are the departments in the stores carefully named? Which stores have branches in most British towns of importance? What is characteristic of the British chemist's and dairy shops? How do the supermarkets operate? Ex. 2. Find in the text equivalents to the following words and phrases. Характерная черта, сочетание старого и нового, новые направления в моде, многоэтажные здания, продуманно названные, “экономичное платье”, общепринятый, старомодный, выставлять, широкий выбор товаров, филиалы, значительные города, молокозаводы, фармацевтическая фирм, туалетные принадлежности, хозяйственные товары, работать по принципу самообслуживания, контрольный пункт. Ex. 3. Repeat what the text said about the big stores of London. Ex. 4. Fill in the following expressions in this dialogue: Excuse me / please / I am afraid / I am sorry / thank you very much You: ...... could you help me, ...? Assistant: Yes? You: I'd like a film to my camera, but I am not sure what kind. Assistant: Can I see your camera? You: ...... I've left it home. Assistant: Is it 35 mm? You: ........, but I do not really know. Assistant: Does the film look like this or like this? You: ah, it's like that one. Then it is 35 mm. Slides or prints? You: Prints,...... Assistant: 24 or 36? You: 36, ...... Assistant: That's 3.75 pounds...... You:....... Grammar: The Future Indefinite (Simple). The Future Indefinite (Simple) (will do) is used: when one decides to do something at the time of speaking: Did you write the Christmas cards? - Oh, no, I had no time. I will do it now. when offering to do something: The shops are far from here. I will drive you there. When promising to do something: I will not you down. I assure you. when speaking about a future fact, predicting something: In two years she will be his wife. What will become of you? Ex. 5. Decide what to do or not to do in the following situations. What a hot day. … (for a swim) You are too tired now. … (home work/tomorrow) You forgot to phone Ann. … (now) It is late evening. … (coffee) It is very hot in Africa in summer. … (there/on holidays) You have a lot of work to do. … (to the cinema) Ex. 6. Decide which form of the verb is correct (or more natural) in these sentences. We will go/are going to a picnic tomorrow. Would you like to come to? The train is starting/starts at 8 tonight. I am sure you will get/ are getting the tickets. I am sorry. I can not come. I will meet/ am meeting my sister at the station. They will arrive/ are arriving tomorrow morning. Do not worry, I promise I will not hurt/ am not hurting you. If I can not make it at 5, I will phone/ am phoning you. Ex. 7. Answer the questions using the words in brackets. When do you think she will write? (probably/never) When do you think they will stay? (expect/ at her aunt's) When do you think he will phone? (I am sure/ tonight) How do you think they will let us know? (think/ send a cable) Do you think he will come back? (I am sure/ very soon) When do you think she will give me? (expect/ a kiss) Ex. 8. Translate into English using will or going to. 1. - Почему ты включаешь телевизор? Я собираюсь посмотреть вечерние новости. - Ой, я забыла деньги дома! - Ничего, не волнуйся. Я одолжу тебе. - У меня ужасно болит голова -Да? Подожди здесь. Я принесу тебе таблетки. -Куда ты несешь ведро с водой? -Я собираюсь мыть машину. - Я решила перекрасить кухню. -в какой цвет ты ее покрасишь? Unit 15. SHOPPING (II). Text: Buying Goods. Grammar Revision. Практические цели: Обобщение и закрепление лексического материала по теме “Shopping”, закрепление навыков устной речи и изложения текста, ознакомление с новым грамматическим материалом. Buying Goods. Our friend has offered us to take us with her when she went to do her shopping. We began in the shopping district where as Kitty says she and her kind do more of what they call “window shopping- deciding what things in the shop they are able to buy. We enter the store. The first thing that strikes us is its comparative emptiness. There are, indeed two or three people at each counter. But no queues, no people in the center of the shop. We have been looking round. It is true that this store has all that can be found in very grocery. Tea, oatmeal, spices, cocoa, bacon, ham, butter, cheese and the rest. “You needn't be surprised if I don't want to buy anything there”, our friend puts in. “This is far above folks like us” “But you could buy your tea and rice and things like that”, we suggest. “Not me”, she said; “the tea, and sugar and rice are in special blends and packs and cost a good deal more than I pay”. We notice that very little money changes hands; most of the customers in this shop pay monthly or quarterly. We pass on into another department. Expensive furs, beautiful evening frocks and cloaks, shoes of every pattern but all priced high.. Furnishing department, stationary department, book department, jewellery. All through the store there are many assistants. Kitty winks at us and then goes up to an assistant. “Excuse me, can you tell me where I shall find warm woollies for my husband? ” The assistant slowly looks Kitty up and down, taking in her shoes slightly down at the heels, her neat but inexpensive tweed winter coat, her little felt hat, and answers: “I am afraid you will find nothing to suit you here”. Kitty merely raises her eyebrows, and turns to us again, scarcely restraining her smile. - “There you are”, says Kitty. “We'd better pop in somewhere else.” So we enter another large store, but one this time which is humming with the buying chatter of obviously lower middle class. The fish shops of which there are always many in England, the people being great lovers of fish, are today closed, as always on Monday's, otherwise we should see good displays of hake, haddock, cod and herrings for the working class tables. In the big stores materials are so well and tastefully displayed, that they look much better that they are. |