ЮжноУральский государственный университет
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Exercise 6Finish the sentences using should or shouldn’t
Exercise 7 Use mustn’t or needn’t to fill the gaps
Exercise 8 Choose the right variant
Reading Task 1 Read the text and do the tasks after it Higher Education in the USA To attend an American university students must complete 12 years of primary and secondary education. Students who would like to attend college or university must attend an undergraduate school. These are schools that offer either a two-year degree or a four-year degree in a specific course of study. That course of study is called the major. An associate degree is a two-year degree given by two types of colleges: community colleges and junior colleges. The two classes of associate degrees are the Associate of Arts (also called the A.A.) and the Associate of Applied science (also called the A.A.S.). Community colleges are operated by the local government and are financed by public funds. They serve two functions: (1) students who do not want to get a bachelor’s degree will attend a community college to get an associate degree; (2) students who want to get a bachelor’s degree will complete the first two years of their undergraduate education at a community college and then transfer to a four-year college for the last two years. The tuition at a community college is much less than at a four-year college or university. Therefore many American students choose to attend a community college for two years as a way of lowering the cost of getting a bachelor’s degree. A bachelor’s degree is the traditional degree given by American colleges and universities. It normally requires at least four years of full-time college-level coursework. The two classes of bachelor’s degrees are the Bachelor of Science and the Bachelor of Arts. Students must complete a required number of courses within their major in order to graduate with a degree in that major. They may also be required to complete a number of courses in closely related fields. A college graduate with a bachelor’s degree may find that degree insufficient for the type of profession he would like to have. It may often be necessary to get an advanced degree, such as a Master’s or Doctorate degree, to advance your career. Not all colleges and universities offer Master’s degree programs. The Master’s degree is a graduate school degree that typically requires two years of full-time coursework to complete. The Doctorate degree is even more focused and specialized than the Master’s degree. Completion of a doctorate degree typically takes between three and six years. The length of time will depend on the student’s educational background, the field of study selected, the student’s dedication and ability, and the complexity of the thesis the student has chosen. Task 2 Answer the questions on the text
Task 3 Try to explain the meaning of the following phrases
Task 4 Find in the text the sentences in the Passive Voice and read them to the group Task 5 Tell about the American system of Higher education to the group of Russian students (Terms of admission, types of degrees, types of colleges, undergraduate school, graduate school) Vocabulary practice Exercise 1 Complete the gaps using the phrases given: a research, the cost, community, school, educational, degree, coursework, related, a major, to advance
Exercise 2 Fill in the prepositions and make up the sentences of your own 1. prior ___ 2. to transfer ___ 3. to major ___ maths 4. to depend ___ 5. ___ addition ___ 6. ___ order to 7. to graduate ____ a degree ___ major 8. to be operated ___ ReadingTask 1 Read the abstract about the assessment system in an American University and answer the questions after it Unit systemCollege courses are given a value, which are called “credits” or “units.” The number of units assigned to a course corresponds to the number of hours that a student will attend class for that course. For example, a course that consists of three class sessions per week will be assigned a value of three units. Typically, colleges require that students complete a minimum number of units in order to graduate, rather than a minimum number of courses. This gives students more flexibility in what courses they decide to take to complete their graduation requirements. Most colleges and universities follow either a quarter-based calendar system or a semester–based calendar system. In a quarter system, the academic year is divided into three sessions called quarters. Each quarter lasts about 12 weeks. There is usually an additional quarter in the summer, where registration is optional. In a semester system, the academic year is divided into two sessions called semesters. Each semester lasts 16 weeks. Students who have registered for at least 12 units in a session are said to be “full-time” students. Students who have registered for fewer than 12 units in a session are called “part-time” students.
Problem solving Introduction The American system of Higher education has some peculiarities. It is considered a democratic one. But the democracy introduced into the universities as well as in secondary schools seems to cause some troubles for the teaching staff. Very often it results in the low level of education. Among the reasons that strongly influence on the level of higher education the American professors call: – the absence of core curriculum. Students may choose both the course they would like to study and the lecturer. The lecturer is free to choose the textbook to deliver lectures on, he is free to choose the themes to be learnt, he may omit some themes, which he considers unimportant. – the absence of oral examinations. All the examinations in American universities are done in a written form. A professor can not call a student to the blackboard and discuss the results of his work in class in front of the classmates. – the absence of set groups as any student has an individual program of study. Task How do you think why the reasons mentioned above worry the American professors? Express your opinion using the following phrases: I think, to my mind, first of all, on the other hand, I firmly believe that, there are plenty of proofs to the fact that. Give arguments to the following:
Communication Making requests and refusing politely Task 1 Practice the following phrases and use them in the dialogue below
A: ______________lend me your textbook on Maths. I want to prepare for the Friday seminar. B: _______________I’ll be using it myself. You can have it tomorrow if you like. A: Thanks. I’ll collect it tomorrow then. Task 2 In pairs, take it in turns to make requests and refuse politely in the following situations 1. You ask your tutor to read over a report you have written. 2. You ask your fellow student to help you with a report. 3. You ask your sister to type out a report for you. Homework Task 1 Open the brackets choosing one of the modal verbs: can, may, must
Task 2 Match the discoveries and works of art with the famous scientists, writers enumerated below. Make up sentences as in the model Model: “War and Peace” was written by Leo Tolstoy.
If you don’t know the answers you may use the Internet site http://inventors.about.com to find them. Task 3 Choose one of the inventions and present the story of its development for your classmates Plan
Start with the following phrase: Dear friends, I am here to tell you a story of one of the greatest inventions in the mankind. Task 4 Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the Active vocabulary of the lesson
Discussion. Study abroad Task 1 Answer the following questions. The phrases given below may be of some help to you.
to see the world, to seek for better education, to have an international diploma, to change the place of living, to have fluency in English, to advance one’s career, etc.
level of English language is not enough to study for a degree program, large fees to pay, unknown cultural environment, another system of Higher education, to be homesick, etc. 3. Would you like to study in a foreign country? Why (not)? Task 2 Present your opinion in the form of an essay. The beginning is given to you but you may think of your own first sentence Study abroad It is common knowledge that more and more overseas students are seeking a university education in an English–speaking country. What are the reasons people go away to study? Task 3 Find the information in the Internet and prepare an opinion essay on one of the topics
Smile with usGiven the task of writing a composition about what they would do if they had a million dollars, all children in the class except Willy were busily writing away. The teacher, becoming aware of his idleness, said severely, “Willy, don’t you know that you are supposed to tell what you would do if you had a million dollars?” “Well,” said the boy, lazily leaning back on his chair, “this is exactly what I would do if I had a million dollars.” Lesson 5. Value of Higher Education Task 1. Brainstorming activity Discuss the following question and give all the possible answers to it What can higher education give to the individual and what can an educated individual give to the society he lives in? Active Vocabulary Task 1 Pronounce the active vocabulary of the lesson after the teacher
Task 2 Match the Russian word combinations with their English equivalents.
Task 3 Read and translate the sentences. Try to explain the meaning of the words and word combinations in bold
Lead-in Task 1 Try to answer the following questions using your background knowledge
Reading Task 1 Read and translate the text. Enumerate its main ideas Value of Higher education Our society was designed to give individuals the chance to make choices based on their own needs and wants. Certainly the needs of the society as a whole must be taken into account but the foundation remains the individual. People must have the ability to recognize their own needs and the needs of the overall society. In order to participate properly they must understand the rules of the game. Such sophistication does not come naturally; it must be taught. This cannot be done without proper education. What is the value of higher education for the individual? Sometimes it is difficult to see the exact value of your education. However finishing university is an asset that everyone with the opportunity should take full advantage of. Just finishing higher school alone opens up thousands more opportunities for individuals. When entering a specific field within the job market, it is often required that the applicant has a higher school diploma. Therefore, many times without the higher school diploma, a person is restricted to a smaller number of occupations for which they are qualified for. Higher school teaches students to learn. It gives them a background in many different subjects and methods of learning. An understanding of how the world works is a very important skill for a person who is living in our world today. A higher school education gives student the experience and the confidence that they will be able to use in many life situations. Attending higher school gives students opportunities to express themselves and to learn about other people and their ideas. Having the knowledge obtained in higher school often gives people confidence later in life when they are dealing with the public. It can give a person confidence in the way that they view their abilities later in life. In order for society to advance our society must be educated. As a higher school education is free, people should take advantage of the wonderful opportunity that they are and try to gather all the knowledge that they possibly can. Years ago I saw a poster that depicted a mansion situated on a cliff overlooking the ocean. There were several expensive automobiles in the garages. At the bottom was a phrase stating “The Value of Education.” This simple statement is wonderfully ambiguous: does it mean that an education is valuable because it will enable one to get such luxury, or that an education will help one to understand that life is not really about such material possessions? My view is that the value of education is best measured by what graduates do with their lives. |