ГУСЬКОВА (1). 1. Инфинитив в функции определения
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67 The UN Secretary General recommended that UN military observers leave Angola, saying the resumption of civil war made their presence useless. Генеральный секретарь ООН рекомендовал, чтобы военные наблюдатели ООН покинули Анголу, отметив, что возобновление гражданской войны делает их присутствие бессмысленным. Проанализируйте и переведите следующие предложения. ;1. Private providers of social services should be on formal contracts with the government, and accountable to it. To outsiders of all stripes, it has long been evident that Cypriots should put aside their feud and create a federation that would amount to double self-rule and single formal sovereignty. But at least both sets of Cypriots, if they are not going to work seri- ously to resolve differences, should keep them below the threshold of disturbance to others. 4. The main parties accept that the Commons should continue to be the superior House, but how far should the second Chamber be formally recognized as a check and balance? ^5p>The poll found 60 per cent of people thought the monarchy should be modernised, while 49 per cent believed the Queen should relinquish her political role, including the right to dissolve parliament. 6. The Act of Supremacy of 1559, which makes the monarch the head of the Church of England, should be repealed, the report suggests. A referendum should decide whether or not the heir should succeed to the throne. 7!) The other problem is constitutional. Should minority nations be content with some special status within the host country, or should they seek separation? « We in America need to think harder about the urgencies and pit falls of intervening in a civil war over the government's protests and on the rebels" side. If it sets a precedent, it should not set a rule,» — a US official said. As for the European parliament, its role as scrutineer and bringer to book should grow. 10. Trade unionists should not be taken in by the blood-curdling shrieks from the boardrooms. £<•■, ' an The deal, once ratified by both sides, should take effect at the end of the year. The Council president added that the call should be backed by the official bodies of the labour and trade union movement supported by broad democratic and community organizations. He said that this was not a temporary problem. Lasting arrange ments should be made. It is important that the real situation should be examined because anything which promotes irrational differences between earnings in an industry is bound to cause trouble. This news sums up the impact of inflation and economic crisis, aggravated by policies pursued by successive governments, particularly the present one. It is odd, therefore, that the Chancellor should have chosen yesterday to tell an audience of French government business figures that Britain was « always a politically stable country.» 16. // was not without significance, he said, that people who were connected at that level with the situation should be expressing grave disquiet. (YL)T\\e Premier admitted yesterday that it was natural that people should be disturbed at food being thrown away when millions of people were undernourished.' It can hardly be fortuitous that the Minister should have taken the opportunity of the last meeting in Delhi to publicly summarize his plans for the future of the three fighting services. The voters are beginning, at last, to wonder whether it is right that farming should absorb almost half the EU's budget. They insisted that the exact demands should be outlined so that the European Union could be in no doubt about them. It appears doubtful whether the formula will meet the Govern ment's insistence that the UN sanctions should not leadio economic con frontation with that country. 22. Three days later the Administration had served formal notice that it would insist that the General Assembly, on its opening day November 10, squarely face the decision of whether or not to invoke Article 19. 23. William Hague insisted that Tory peers reject the closed-iist provisions of the European elections Bill. , - ллминш. <>«£> t 24.. The paper also recommended that the eligibility age for retirement benefits be raised gradually from 65 to 68 by the year 2012. There should be considerable support for the demand that the Minister of Justice act to invalidate the outrageous court decision ordering two dedicated social workers to forfeit 300 bail sureties following the failure of a youth to appear in court on charge. The report suggests that the monarch's role [in Britain] should be that of head of state, but with «minimal connection with the executive, the legislature or the judiciary.» A report published by one of the largest housing associations suggests that architects and planners should cater more considerately for the ethnic tenants who rent roughly 14 per cent of their homes. Models of democracy that have been consructed on the basis of liberal individualism have usually proposed that democracy be restricted to political life, with politics being narrowly defined. Because of Russian and French opposition, the UN Security Council could not agree to a proposal from America and Britain that Iraq be warned of « serious consequences» should it persist in thumbing its nose. 69 30. «The moment requires that we be aware of our responsibility and be austere in balancing our accounts,» President of Brazil said during inauguration of a Volkswagen AG plant in southern Brazil. The majority of people, be they politicians, trade unionists or em ployers, are now all in favour of East-West trade. The problem today is how to break down the remaining barriers. Mr. Gingrich, nobly taking responsibility for the Republicans' election disappointment, has resigned as speaker of the House of Repre sentatives lest his presence be «an excuse for divisiveness and factional ism.» II. Can, may, must 1. Глагол CAN. Кроме своего основного значения, передающего умение, способность или объективную возможность совершить дей ствие, глагол сап (в утвердительной форме) выражает предположе ние и переводится словами может быть, возможно, мог и т. п. или сомнение (в вопросительной и отрицательной форме) и переводится словами неужели, не может быть, чтобы и т. п. Форма couid пере дает меньшую уверенность предположения или сомнения. Перфект ная форма инфинитива после сап и could относит действие к про шедшему времени или она означает, что действие могло состояться, но не состоялось. It could be true but it is advisable to find out first what has really happened there. Может быть, это и правда (что сомнительно), но лучше сначала выяснить, что же в действительности там произошло. 2. Глагол MAY. В языке газетных статей глагол may чаще всего выступает в значении предположения и переводится словами мо жет быть, возможно. Форма might указывает на меньшую уверен ность предположения, на сомнение. Перфектная форма инфинитива после may относит действие к прошедшему времени. The Chancellor's measures might help towards an agreement on an incomes policy. But this still has to be proved. Мероприятия, предложенные министром финансов, может быть, и помогут достичь соглашения по политике доходов. Но это еще нужно доказать. Two factors may temporarily have increased their caution. Возможно, два фактора временно усилили их осторожность. Примечание. I. Глагол may может выступать также в качестве вспомогательного глагола, образуя форму сослагательного наклонения, главным образом в придаточных предложениях цели после that, so that, lest и в придаточных уступительных после whatever, however и т. п. В таких случаях may не переводится. They are determined to achieve this aim, however difficult it may seem. Они полны решимости добиться этой цели, какой бы трудной она ни казалась. 1. После глаголов сап и may слово well означает вполне, с успехом. The EU Commission 's fate could well be decided by the tenor of the committee's report. Вполне возможно, что судьба Комиссии Европейского Союза будет определена тональностью ее доклада. 3. Глагол MUST. Основное значение глагола must — долженствование. Кроме того, глагол must (в утвердительной форме) часто употребляется в значении предположения со значительной долей уверенности и переводится словами должно быть, вероятно, по всей вероятности и т. п. Перфектная форма инфинитива после must означает, что предположение относится к прошедшему времени. They must have known about it for a certain time. Они, должно быть, уже в течение некоторого времени знали об этом. Примечание. Предположение со значительной долей уверенности, относящееся к прошлому, может также передаваться глаголом will с перфектным инфинитивом. Some kind of decision will have been taken by now. К настоящему времени какое-то решение уже по всей вероятности принято, (...вероятно, они уже приняли какое-то решение.) They will have finished that discussion by now. К этому моменту (сейчас) они, наверняка, закончили это обсуждение. Проанализируйте и переведите следующие предложения. ■/Т)« Sooner or later the country [China] will have to come to understand that society and the world we are living in simply cannot purchase stability at th^ expense pf freedom.» \2j By spurring infiatiorCst>me economists say, consumers and companies could be persuaded to spend more now. 70 71 To the U.S. nearly S100 million in equipment offered by Congress to Iraqi opposition groups may seem like a gift horse for the Iraqi Kurds. But the Iraqi Kurds themselves fear it may in fact be a Trojan horse that could bring them fresh disasters. To cope with regulations of different governments, Intel is consid ering building chips that can be electronically reprogrammed with differ ent encryption strengths after they are built. A reformed second chamber could have powers to block constitu tional changes until after further general elections or a referendum. Such a chamber might perform the «checking» role that the judges might oth erwise assume [Britain]. Even in a panic-market, someone must buy the «damped» shares, but stocks were dropping from 2 to 10 points... before a buyer could be found for them. Sound stocks at shrunk prices — and nobody to buy them. It looked as if US Industries' little partners were in a fair way to bankrupt the firm. A single nuclear bomb exploding in the atmosphere over the United States could lead to a nationwide power blackout because U.S. power stations are too vulnerable, according to an official study. Months of wrangling over fishing rights have led to tension be tween EU governments, and there are fears that this could spill over to embitter discussion of a series of other problems at the two-day meeting starting on Monday, The foreign banks are launching a counterattack into markets for domestic loans and services that until now have been dominated by the Japanese banks. They are also exploring some new fields that the Japa nese banks could not, or would not touch. The report noted that companies could claim back the entire cost of investments in plant and machinery in tax relief— one of the most fa vorable tax benefits of any industrialized nation. Berlin left open the possibility that its assistance program could be paid for through outright grants and that government-to-government lar gess might be arranged for other development projects. 4T)Britain both could have.and should have stayed out of the Second World War, leaving Russia to crush Hitter's Germany. People in Russia say that the former president could have been a better president if he had been able to be elevated one degree above the political combat he faced. Now OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) will begin to force employers to give workers their medical records and also the records of air pollution inspections conducted by the company which could have caused poor health to the worker, declared the head of the OSHA Administration. If Japan's population had been half its present level, or—more rea sonably — one-third, the country could have enjoyed a relatively high level of industrialization while continuing to produce enough foodstuffs to prevent disaster in the event of cutoffs in international trade. Secret « briefings» were used to discredit the probe which is trying to root out corruption in the London police. Ex-chief constable of Dorset was bitterly assailed by Metropolitan Police Commissioner and City of London police chief. Secret briefings followed yesterday in a shameless attempt to discredit him. His view is that as many as 25 police officers could be brought to trial. Outlining circumstances in which Washington might use nuclear weapons may seem a surreal exercise. (\%)Situations in which America may have to choose between rival policies advocated by her European partners are bound to arise. Such is the speed of history today that, when this is published, so many new and perhaps more shocking developments may have taken place that the events herein detailed may seem even more remote. In reality the Pope may not have been anxious to see his sugges tion, advanced from the marble rostrum of the General Assembly on Oc tober^, enacted a bare six weeks later. (2\JEU sources said France will favor protectionist measures in critical sectors, but because of German resistance this may not be agreed to at the EU level. Some economic analysts predict that the tax-cutting and the splurge in consumerism may backfire on the Likud [one of the Israeli parties]. The relationship between Japan and the United States has been evolving rapidly since Pearl Harbor. First, the two countries were bitter enemies, then occupier and occupied, then big brother and eager emulator and now it may have reached the point of role reversal. In the big cities, the contest may have generated too much enthu siasm, creating a fog of names, that voters may find hard to penetrate. Cheap oil might merely aggravate the twin evils of corruption and bad management in oil-producing countries. Some excuse for the behaviour of Tory chieftains might be pro vided if it could be shown that the leadership battle revolved round central issues of public importance. But throughout, the dispute has been con cerned with personalities and patronage — gang warfare in all its sterility. |