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Exercise 24, p. 378 1. They say eighty per cent of the data (accumulated) in the world’s computers is in English. 2. Don’t touch anything until the police arrive. - They have already arrived. And who is it they are chasing? 3. I’m at my wit’s/wits’ end what this man wants from us. - For God’s/goodness’/heaven’s sake don’t be so naive! All he wants is our money but he won’t get it. 4. St. Thomas’ Hospital is one of the oldest in London. It is within a stone’s throw, just five minutes’ walk/a five-minute walk through St. James’s park. 5. This ring is not mine, it’s my grandmother’s. It was bought at Tiffany’s and cost a fortune. 6. I’ve brought you a new series of Keats’/Keats’s poems. You can read them to you heart’s content. 7. I hate that disgusting habit of your neighbours’ to turn the television full tilt. - They bought a new Sony six months ago and still can’t enjoy it enough. 8. Still waters run deep. - That describes him to a hair’s breadth/to a hair. So you’d better stay away from him to keep out of harm’s way. 9. Is that really a Dali in your grandfather’s house? - Actually he has got two Dalis, and I remember seeing a Picasso and a Chagall in his study. 10. Everybody is glad of/about Charles’/Charles’s success. Let’s go and congratulate him for appearance’s sake. 11. There are reports about unusual phenomena on Mars’s surface. 12. Of all fish I prefer trout and salmon although I’m not much of a fish-lover. 13. The sun’s rays/sunbeams penetrated the thick foliage/ leaves and made Sir Robert Fox’s estate look even grander. 14. She forgave everybody at death’s door/on her death-bed for the family’s sake. 15. Collins is a very reliable dictionary and I always keep it at/within arm’s reach/at hand. 16. You are on a the razor’s/razor edge. Be careful for safety’s sake. 17. He accepted/adopted another religion/faith at sword’s point/at gunpoint. Exercise 25, p. 379 1. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an attribute. 2. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of manner. 3. See 1. 4. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of time. 5. A perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of reason. 6. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as an attribute. 7. See 6. 8. See 1. 9. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances. 10. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of comparison. 11. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of concession. 12. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of manner. 13. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of manner. 14. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of a complex object/of an objective participial construction. 15. See 14. 16. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of reason. 17. A non-perfect active Participle I serving as part of an adverbial modifier of reason. Exercise 26, p. 379 I. 1. a brother - a sister. 2. a father - a mother 3. a man - a woman 4. an uncle - an aunt 5. a nephew - a niece 6. a son - a daughter 7. a bachelor - a spinster 8. a king - a queen 9. a lord - a lady 10. a monk - a nun 11. a male - a female 12. a lad - a lass, a girl 13. husband – wife 14. a gentleman - a lady, a gentlewoman 15. Mr. - Mrs. Miss, Ms. 16. grandfather – grandmother 17. Sir - Madam; Lady II. a baron - a baroness, a count - a countess, a god - a goddess, a duke - a duchess, an emperor - an empress, an usher - an usherette (old-fashioned) - an usher, a monitor - a monitor, a manager - a manager, a steward - a stewardess, a waiter - a waitress, a widow - a widower, a poet - a poet- a poetess (old-fashioned), a prince - a princess, a tiger - a tigress, a lion - a lioness, a hero - a heroine, a tzar - a tsarina III.
Exercise 27, p. 380 I. 1. I can feel something crawling up my leg! 2. I saw her switch on the light and come/walk into the room. 3. For a while she stood and watched the men pulling trees. 4. He smelt something burning, so he rang the fire brigade. 5. We could definitely hear someone moving about downstairs. 6. We listened to the school orchestra play the whole of the Jupiter Symphony with hardly a mistake. 7. I felt someone tap me on the shoulder, but when I turned round, there was no one there. 8. Look at that poor old lady trying to cross the road. 9. I watched the man get out of his car and pull/get out a gun. II. 1. Where is Harry? - He has gone fishing but I doubt if he’ll catch anything! 2. Did you go dancing last night? - No, I don’t like the discos in this place. 3. What are you doing at the weekend? - We’re going sailing if the boat is ready. 4. If it hadn’t been ready, we might have gone hiking/skiing in the hills above Budapest. 5. You’re wet through! What have you been up to? - We have been hiking (serfing). 6. Now that she has her own pony, she goes horse-riding every day. 7. If my bicycle were in better condition, Fd go cycling in France this holiday 8. The ice rink is closed so we won’t go skating tomorrow night. 9. If there were more snow, we would go skiing. Exercise 28, p. 381 1. Several lovely old English tables. 2. A lot of pretty young French girls. 3. These few last valuable Regency dining-room chairs. 4. His three first really important impressionist paintings. 5. All my best dark blue silk shirts. 6. Many young German factory workers. 7. All these old-fashioned oval marble-popped washstands. 8. All Mike’s latest black-and-white wildlife photographs. 9. A few carefully-chosen plain hand-woven dresses. Exercise 29, p. 382 1. tinier – tiniest, 2. handsomer – handsomest, 3. livelier – liveliest, 4. dryer – driest, 5. pleasanter – pleasantest, 6. simpler – simplest, 7. mellow – mellowest, 8. better – best, 9. worse – worst, 10. farther/further - farthest/furthest, 11. sadder – saddest, 12. heavier – heaviest, 13. grayer – grayest, 14. later - latest (for time), the latter - (the) last (for order), 15. quieter – quietest, 16 . politer – politest, 17. cleverer – cleverest, 18. bigger – biggest 19. fatter – fattest, 20. wider – widest, 21. foggier – foggiest, 22. abler – ablest, 23. more ill - most ill (used predicatively), sicker - sickest (used attributively), 24. commoner – commonest, 25. sooner – soonest, 26. thinner – thinnest, 27. calmer – calmest, 28. healthier – healthiest, 29. truer – truest, 30. wider – widest, 31. earlier – earliest, 32. narrower – narrowest, 33. freer – freest, 34. rarer – rarest, 35. flatter – flattest, 36. prettier – prettiest Exercise 30, p. 382 1. That is the most incredible story I have ever heard! 2. It is not always the brightest students who do well in tests. 3. Terylene shirts are harder-wearing, but cotton shirts are much more comfortable. 4. Which is deeper, Lake Garda or Lake Iseo? 5. She is much more self-confident than she used to be. 6. I like both of them, but I think Michael is easier to talk to. 7. Most people are better-off than their parents were. 8. She has a lot to be thankful for - the saddest thing of all is that she does not realize it. 9. I want to rent a car - the most powerful one you have. 10. You look a lot better than you did last time I saw you. 11. There is nothing more irritating than locking yourself out of your own house. 12. Both roads lead to the city center, but the left-hand one is probably a bit shorter and more direct. 13. As I get older, I notice that the policemen seem to be getting younger! 14. Is Cambridge the oldest university in Britain? - No, Oxford is about 50 years older. 15. If you were tidier and better-organized than you are, you would not keep losing things. 16. The boys in our school are much better-looking/more good-looking and a lot better at football than the boys in other schools in the town. Exercise 31, p. 383 I. 1. true - truthful a) This play is based on a true story. b) I believe her: I think she is a truthful person. 2. childish - childlike a) You cannot have everything you want: don’t be so childish. b) She has a childlike quality, a sort of innocence, which I like. 3. young - youthful a) Our teacher is full of youthful enthusiasm for her subject. b) Enjoy yourself while you are still young. 4. uneatable - inedible a) This meat is so tough that I find it uneatable. b) Some of the inedible varieties of fungus are poisonous. 5. unreadable - illegible a) The inscription was illegible, but I recognized it as Latin. b) War and Peace may be a good novel, but I find it unreadable. 6. historic - historical a) “Ladies and gentlemen, this is a historic moment: the first manned landing on another planet!” b) The library contains a copy of Magna Carta and other historical documents. 7. economic – economical a) The country is experiencing a time of great economic difficulty. b) This soap is very economical, you only need to use a little of it at a time. 8. electric - electrical a) I see you have an electric cooker; I prefer gas. b) The battery gave off a sudden electrical discharge. 9. sensible - sensitive a) John will be all right on his own; he is a very sensible boy. b) Don’t criticize her too harshly: she is very sensitive. II. 1. a) we have known for a long time b) who has lived for a very long time 2. a) diligent, industrious, sparing no effort b) difficult, requiring a lot of effort 3. a) having recently arrived b) recently bought or made 4. a) smoking a lot b) weighing a lot 5. a) sure, without any doubts b) used to talk about someone you do not know but whose name you have been told 6. a) existing now b) being in the place in question 7. a) worried b) involved in smth. or affected by it 8. a) right, suitable b) strictly so called 9. a) complex, complicated b) mixed up in the accident or connected with it Exercise 32, p. 384 I. 1. a half-hour programme 2. a five-hour drive 3. a fifteen-ton lorry 4. a three-and-a-half-hour flight 5. a twelve-inch ruler 6. a three-and-a-half litre engine 7. a five-year-old child 8. a six-foot man 9. an eight-hour walk 10. a sixteen-gallon tank 11. a three-hundred-millimetre telephoto lens 12. a five-star hotel II. 1. a second-year student 2. a third-floor flat 3. a second-generation computer 4. a last-minute decision 5. a first-class meal 6. a third-rate production Exercise 33, p. 385 1. Attributes 2. Part of an attribute 3. Attributes 4. Attribute 5. Parts of attributes 6. Predicatives 7-10. Parts of objective participial constructions with Participle II 11. An adverbial modifier of reason 12. The participle II expresses a second action accompanying the action of the predicate verb. 13. Part of an adverbial modifier of comparison. 14. Part of an adverbial modifier of reason. 15. See 12. 16. Part of a prepositional absolute construction with Participle II. Exercise 34, p. 385 1. Not knowing the exact address, they got lost in the city. 2. Never sign anything without reading it carefully. 3. The door was wide open, and we entered without knocking. 4. The clerk was fired without being given any explanation. 5. The teenagers listened to the pop-singer without concealing their admiration. 6. The snow has been falling for many days, without seeming to stop. 7. Susan accepted Tom’s proposal without thinking of the consequences. 8. Not knowing a word of Dutch, she was taken to the police station. 9. He left the restaurant without waiting for his wife to join him. 10. The brother and the sister couldn’t stand each other’s company without immediately losing their temper. 11. Not having recognized me, Linda passed by without answering my “Hello”. 12. The travellers went on and on, without paying attention to the bitter cold 13. Not knowing the reason for their silence, Robert went on talking non-stop. 14. Tom has never done a thing, without consulting his father. 15. Not wanting to quarrel with his mother, he dropped the subject. Exercise 35, p. 386 I. All the past participles are parts of objective participial constructions with participle II. 1. Майкл проколол себе ухо. Он сделал это, чтобы досадить родителям. 2. В пятницу моя машина будет проходить осмотр и текущий ремонт. 3. На ремонт вашего телефона может уйти несколько дней или даже недель. 4. Три недели назад мы подали заявку на установку телефона в офисе. Все еще ждем. 5. Проверьте, пожалуйста, покрышки. И заправьте бак. 6. Каким образом ты умудрился так дешево отремонтировать машину? 7. Полицейский сделал в его правах отметку об опасном вождении. 8. Смотри не прищеми пальцы дверью. II. 1. Where do you have your dresses made? - I make them myself. 2. How often do you have your hair cut? - It depends on the season. 3. Why did you let yourself get involved/mixed up/entangled in this dangerous undertaking/scheme/venture? 4. The suit is magnificent/gorgeous, but I’d like to have the skirt shortened. 5. We haven’t had our house redecorated/renovated for five years. 6. I’d like the contract (to be) signed today. 7. You lack knowledge and experience and that makes itself felt. 8. They want to have their child baptized. 9. I won’t have anything changed in my room. 10. In the hotel you can have your clothes cleaned, tickets booked and letters sent. 11. She had her purse stolen while she was buying fruit. 12. Anne needs a passport photograph taken. 13. My children have their teeth examined every six months. 14. Have your hair cut at last! You (are) look(ing) a mess! 15. When I was in Rome I had my umbrella stolen. 16. We are doing our best to have our central heating equipment repaired before the weather gets cold. 17. I like to have my flat/room papered anew every five years. 18. You should really have this cut examined: I think it looks infected. |