практик. Ббк 81. 2 Англ923 т 23
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Exercise 46, p. 394 1. Ten is a simple cardinal noun. 2. Second is a simple ordinal noun. In most cases nouns premodified by ordinals take the definite article. In these cases they show the order of persons or things in a series. 3. 4. Twenty, eighteen and seven are cardinal numerals. Seven is simple and the other two are derivatives, formed by the means of the suffixes -teen and -ty. 5-8. The two and a four, tens and hundreds are substantivised numerals. 9. Two is a simple cardinal numeral and millions is a substantivised numeral. Of is indispensable in this case precisely because millions is substantivised. 10. This is a composite cardinal numeral. In most cases the words dozen, hundred, thousand, million and billion take no -s after other cardinal numerals because they are not substantivised. 11. See 10. 12. See 9. 13. This is an ordinal numeral. The noun it premodifies is used with the indefinite article because ordinal numerals maybe used with the indefinite article when they do not show a definite order of persons or things in a series, and this is just the case: a third here means merely another and loses its numerical meaning. 14. See 13. 15. This is a fractional numeral. 16. Since Man is supposed to have just five universally recognized senses, a sixth one does not belong to a definine, scientifically recognized number. So it quite safe to say “a sixth sense”, meaning another, an additional one. In other words sixth looses its numerical meaning. 17. A first night is a set phrase meaning the evening when the first public performance of a show, play etc. is given. It usually takes the definite article but one may say a first night performance or a first night party because here first night is used attributively and the indefinite article refers to the nouns premodified by them. 18-19 A first time and a first love just like other firsts like, say, a first love-making are used with the indefinite article if there is no limiting attribute and no limitation is clear from the context. By the way «любовь с первого взгляда» is “love at first sight”. It happens so quickly that everybody forgets about articles. 20. Second is an ordinal numeral. It is preceded by the indefinite article which refers to the noun computer. Exercise 47, p. 394 four, fourteen, forty, fifty, fifth, nine, ninth, ninetieth, eight, eighth, eighteenth, eightieth. Exercise 48, p. 394 1. Habit is a second nature. 2. The workers of this plant/This plant’s workers work in a night shift. 3. Our students begin to learn a second language in their second year at college/university (when they become second-year students). 4. My house is the third from the right. You surely won’t pass it by. (You surely won’t miss/overlook it.) 5. Mind you, you won’t have a third chance. 6. My friends and collegues have become a second family to me. 7. I’m afraid you’ll have to retake the exam (to take the exam again/for a second time). 8. It’s a big city. Its population is over three million. 9. Out of/Of the two brothers Don is the tallest. 10. The scientist made the first, the second, the third and the fourth experiment and got the same results. 11.I had a cup of tea, then a second and a third (one) and only after the fourth (one) realized that I was no longer thirsty (that I had quelled/slaked my thirst). 12. The children entered the hall in twos. 13. Everyone has lived through a first love/has had a first love. 14. They met at a first night performance. 15. Three years later they had a second son. 16. At the age of fifty David got a second education. 17. A year passed, then another/then a second one, but still there was no news. 18. No 8 is the third from the right. Exercise 49, p. 395
do: to have my hair cut, to have my nails manicured, to have my shoes fixed/mended/repaired and to take the clothes to the cleaner’s. 2. I remember once being advised that the best way to lose weight is to cook badly/to be a bad cook. 3. Not recognizing us, the policemen passed us by/walked past us without as much as paying any attention to the smashed car. 4. I can’t imagine you/your having been refused. You are just the man to fill this office. 5. Fixing his gaze at/Staring at the ceiling (His eyes fixed on the ceiling), Dick began singing in an unfamiliar tongue. 6. There is no denying that he is very hard/difficult to deal with. Although to tell the truth he is interesting to speak to. 7. The postman who has been bringing us the mail for many years, says that he is too old to continue to do this job. 8. The boss entered the office to discover unexpectedly that all the employees had gone home. 9. One could hear them debate something heatedly. There was no time to lose. It was time to make a decision. 10. I am tired of my parents treating me as/like a child. But the situation/set-up already can’t be changed. 11. The man who has brought this note is waiting for an answer downstairs. 12. The girl stopped crying only when her mother stopped to buy her a chocolate. 13. This water can’t be drunk. It must be filtered. 14. We roamed (about) the wood/forest, the moon rising slowly over the trees. 15. I was reproached for being late and having kept everybody waiting. Exercise 50, p. 395 1. You can never find a taxi when you need one. 2. I see, they have invented a bomb which will kill people without damaging property. What will they think of next? 3. They’M kill us all with these dangerous weapons they are inventing! 4. We must not grumble, I suppose ive’ve had a pretty good year. 5. You never know whoyou'W bump into when you go out. 6. It says in the paper that they've had a lot of rain in the West Country. I’m glad I’m not there! 7. Enjoy jowrselves while you can: you cannot take the money with you when you die. 8. They say we are going to have a hard winter. 9. Do you think they might let us have a party if we promise not to make noise? 10. Fellow-students, we can only persuade the authorities to give in to our demands if we remain united. Let us stand together! 11. You can lead a horse to the water, but vow cannot make him drink. 12. It says in the paper that they are thinking of putting up the price of petrol again. Exercise 51, p. 396 1. She sat in front of the mirror, running her fingers through her hair. 2. “Do you want to put your/the coat on?” “No, I’ll just put it round my shoulders.” 3. I felt somebody tap my shoulder, and then grab me by the arm. 5. He had his hat pulled well down over his eyes, and his hands were thrust deep into his pockets. 6. She turned up the collar of her coat to protect her neck from the cold wind. 7. He was severely bruised about the legs, but his face was unmarked. 8. He shook me warmly by the hand and put his arm round my shoulders. 9. Before you go to bed, make sure you wash your face, brush your teeth and put your clothes away neatly. 10. “Let me take you by the hand, and lead you through the streets of London.” 11. “Close your eyes, hold out your hand, and see what the good Lord has brought you!” 12. “We were stabbed in the back” means “we were betrayed by our own people”. 13. They lay on their backs and closed their eyes. 14. If you do not want to hear it, put your fingers in your ears. 15. You look a mess! Tuck your blouse into your skirt and straighten your shoulders. 16. I looked him straight in the eye and told him to take his shirt off. 17. The police grabbed him by the scruff of the neck, and put handcuffs on his wrists. Exercise 52, p. 397 I. Choose the right word 1. Stop patting me on the shoulder as if we were old friends! 2. The snake bit him on the leg. 3. Munchausen pulled himself out of the water by the hair. 4. I argued with Sarah till I was blue in the face. 5. She looked me straight in the eye and told a lie. 6. He has a thorn in his foot. 7. Lena is always wearing a bracelet on her wrist. 8. Look me in the face and tell me what is wrong. 9. Grandpa has a constant pain in the back. 10. The President had an operation on the heart. 11. I stepped on his foot. 12. I shook him by the hand. 13. She shook his hand. 14. Don’t take it in your head. 11. Translate into English 1. He looked her in the face and understood everything. 2. His face suddenly changed expression/He suddenly changed in the face/The expression on/of his face suddenly changed. 3. In the face of difficulties we must unite. 4. She took the child by the hand and led him across the street. 5. Hang this picture over your head. 6. I felt a sudden pain in the side. 7. He kissed her cheek/He kissed her on the check, and they parted. 8. If a man is drowning he should be saved by grabbing his hair and not his hand. 9. John looked her in the face and understood everything. 10. Mary put her hand on his shoulder. 11. He took her arm. 12. He shook his head and sighed deeply. 13. The general had a gun/pistol in his hand. 14. She waved (her hand) to us and left. 15. He has been wounded in the head and often suffers from headaches. Exercise 53, p. 397 1. Don’t tell me your problems. I’ve got enough problems of my own. 2. Who is that man? Is he a friend of yours? 3. Come and sit beside me. 4. It belongs to an old friend of my father’s. 5. She prefers to live by herself. 6. She prefers to live on her own. 7. A friend of my father’s is a painter. He painted this portrait of mine when I was only sixteen. 8. Is that car yours or is it your wife’s? 9. He has his own business. 10. What I would really like is a car of my own. 11. If a letter starts “Dear Sir”, it should finish with the words “Yours faithfully”. 12. Louisa’s work is much tidier than mine or Anna’s. Exercise 54, p. 398 1. commit suicide - kill yourself. 2. have a good time - enjoy yourself 3. feel guilty - blame yourself 4. wonder - ask yourself 5. take as much as you want - help yourself 6. do only what you want - please yourself 7. believe in your own importance - take yourself seriously 8. behave as if you were in your own home - make yourself at home 9. surrender (e.g., to the police) - give yourself up 10. make an effort to regain you self-control - pull yourself together 11. relax - let yourself go 12. do what you should do/not do anything wrong - behave yourself Exercise 55, p. 398 1. She grew cold with terror and began slowly crossing herself./ Her blood ran cold and she began slowly crossing herself/ making the sign of the cross. 2. He devoted himself to science and never reproached himself for it. 3. No one should deceive themselves. 4. Make yourself comfortable and help yourself to the pie. 5. If you are a ghost, show yourself! 6. He views himself as the center of the Universe. 7. I persuaded myself to help them. 8. The disease is spreading like wildfire (very fast). 9. I found myself alone in a completely unfamiliar city. 10. And now, honey, go to bed. 11. Peter defended himself as best he could. 12. Ten little niggers went to have dinner. One slept late, another choked, still another hanged himself. 13. Take care of yourself! Let yourself relax at least once in a while. 14. John did the job (by) himself. Exercise 56, p. 399 1. Don’t do everything for him, he must learn to do things for himself. 2. Please yourself. It’s entirely up to you. 3. They are in love - they only have eyes for each other. 4. I’ll see you both next year. Look after yourselves. 5. They are very fond of each other. 6. He is very conceited. He has a very high opinion of himself. 7. We had no difficulty in making ourselves understood. 8. She gave Michael the whisky and kept the wine for herself. 9. The solicitor wrote a letter to John and me in which he asked us if we could settle the matter between ourselves. 10. They had only five pounds between them, so they bought some food and shared it equally between them. 11. He is old enough to dress himself now. 12. I will join you as soon as I have had a wash and got dressed. 13. As for me, I prefer to let people make up their own minds. 14. Look after the pennies and the pounds will look after themselves. 15. Everyone should ask themselves if they are doing enough. 16. Put yourself in my position. Would you blame yourself if you were me? 17. They seem to get on with each other very well. 18. We meet ourselves every day. Exercise 58, p. 401 1. I like people who speak their minds. 2. There is something I do not understand about this. 3. She only eats vegetables which have been organically grown. 4. There are not many films I really enjoy. 5. He is the sort of man whose ideas make people really angry. 6. We are looking for someone who can help us in the shop. 7. What do you think of boys who wear make up? 8. I recently met an author whose books are all about witchcraft. 9. Only learn the words which are worth learning. 10. He is the man everyone is talking about. 11. Is this the guitar you bought in Spain? 12. There is a prejudice against people who speak with a strong accent. 13. Draw a triangle whose sides measure 3,4 and 5 cm. 14. Do you know anyone whose birthday is in June? 15.I need a watch which has a built-in alarm. 16. Was it John who told you that? 17. I work for a company which is really great. 18. The clothes she wears are really strange. Exercise 59, p 401 1. The man who invented the ball point pen. 2. The girl he wants to marry. 3. People who go jogging. 4. The woman who interviewed you. 5. The policeman who won the medal for bravery. 6. The women you talked to. 7. A man I once met. 8. The couple who live next door. 9. Everyone who is involved. 10. The boy you saw. 11. All the people who would like to meet you. 12. All the people you would like to meet. Exercise 60, p. 401 a. 1. - Could I speak to Mr. Smith? - Which Mr. Smith do you want? 2. - Give me the money. - What money? 3. - Could I have my books back, please? - Which are your books? 4. - I’m going to buy some books. - What books do you need to buy? 5. - Put one of those logs on the fire. - Which one? 6. - Where did you put the photos? - What/Which photos? 7. - Anna and Louisa are nice girls. - Which/What class are they in? 8. - My son is nearly seventeen. - What subjects is he taking? 9. - I fly either Swissair or British Airways. - Which airline do you prefer? b. 1. What kind of films do you like? 2. I don’t know what/which dress to wear tonight. 3. Which of these sets do you recommend? 4. What/Which buses go to the town center? 5. What is your favourite food? 6. What food do you like best of all? 7. Which food do you prefer, French or Italian? 8. I’d like to get a job, but I do not know what job suits me best. 9. A teacher soon gets to know which children are really interested in English, and which ones are not interested in the least. |