ключи аракин 4курс. Ключи к Практическому курсу английского языка 4 курс
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conduct n (formal) behaviour, e. g. I'm glad to see your conduct at school has improved. - 1) руководство, управление; командование 2) поведение ( обыкн. связывается с моральными принципами ) conduct vt 1) (formal) to behave (oneself), e.g. I like the way your children conduct themselves. Their behaviour is very good. 2) to direct the course of (a business, activity, etc.). 3) to lead or guide (a person, tour, etc.). 4) to stand before and direct the playing of musicians or a musical work. 5) to act as the path for (electricity, heat, etc.), e. g. Plastic and rubber won't conduct electricity. 6) to collect payments from the passengers (on a public vehicle), e. g. She's conducted on London buses for 20 years. 1) сопровождать, сопутствовать, быть чьим-л. проводником 2) вести, руководить 3) дирижировать (оркестром, хором и т. п.) 4) вести себя (о манере, поведении) 5) проводить; служить проводником 6) вести (о дороге, проходе и т. п.) conductor n 1) a person who directs the playing of a group of musicians. 2) a substance that readily acts as a path for electricity, heat, etc., e. g. Wood is a poor conductor of heat. 3) (AE) a railroad employee in charge of a train and train crew. compose vt/i 1) to write (music, poetry, essays, etc.), e. g. It is very time-consuming to compose a good essay. 2) to make up (smth), form (smth), e. g. The chemistry teacher asked the pupils what water was composed of. - 1) сочинять, писать ( музыкальное или литературное произведение ) 2) набирать 3) улаживать, успокаивать ( ссору, разногласия ); успокаиваться 4) составлять Syn. comprise, consist of, include, be made up of 3) to make (esp. oneself) calm, quiet, etc., e. g. The students couldn't stop laughing so the teacher asked them to compose themselves. 4) to make or form (smth) by putting parts together, e. g. The artist composed an interesting picture by putting the variously-coloured shapes together. composer n a person who writes music. composition n 1) act of putting together parts to form smth, act of composing, as a piece of music of his own composition. 2) an example of this, as a piece of music or art or a poem, e. g. I like his earlier poems but not his later compositions. 9. abrupt a 1) sudden and unexpected, e. g. The train came to an abrupt stop, making many passengers fall off their seats. 2) (of behaviour, speech, character, etc.) rough and impolite, not wanting to waste time being nice, e. g. Everybody resented his abrupt answer. - 1) внезапный; неожиданный, непредвиденный 2) крутой, обрывистый 3) резкий, грубый ( о манерах и т. п. ) 4) отрывистый, неровный ( о стиле ) 5) скачкообразный ( об изменении и т. п. ) abruptly adv in an abrupt manner, e. g. "No," said Roger abruptly, "I'm staying here." abruptness n e. g. His abruptness was really impolite. - 1) крутизна, обрывистость 2) внезапность; неожиданность 3) резкость ( движений ); резкость, грубость ( ответа ) 4) отрывистость, неровность ( стиля ) 10. ignore vt not to take notice of, e. g. Ignore the child if he misbehaves and he will soon stop. to ignore smth to pretend not to know or see it, e. g. She saw him coming but she ignored him. Ant. to consider, to regard Note: The Russian for to ignore is игнорировать, незамечать. Ignore does not correspond to the Russian пренебрегать, незаботитьсяочём-л., упускатьизвидуwhich is expressed by the verb to neglect, as to neglect one's duties, one's children. ignorant a 1) lacking knowledge, not aware, as ignorant of even simplest facts, e. g. He is quite ignorant of these facts. She was ignorant of his presence. (She didn't know he was there.) 2) rude, impolite esp. because of lack of social training, e. g. He is an ignorant person — he always goes through a door in front of a girl (lady). She is an ignorant girl: she knows nothing about her country's history. - 1) невежественный, необразованный, безграмотный 2) несведущий, не знающий ( of, in; that ) 3) вульгарный, невоспитанный 1. a) Consult a dictionary and practise the pronunciation of the rigidly ['ri8idli] - 1) жестко, твердо; неподвижно 2) строго, сурово nuisance ['nju:sns] - 1) досада; неприятность 2) то, что мешает, создает проблемы а) надоедливый человек; зануда б) невыносимое состояние, положение вещей в) неудобство, помеха bouquet [bu(:)'kei] - 1) букет; букетик 2) комплимент, любезность 3) букет, аромат (вина) chrysanthemum [kri's1nT(q)mqm] - хризантема transient ['trlnziqnt] - 1. 1) кратковременный, мимолетный, недолговечный, преходящий, скоротечный 2) временный, переходный 3) мигрирующий, кочующий; 4) временный, транзитный (жилец) (о жильце в гостинице) 5) случайный; отдельный 2. 1) нечто временное, проходящее 3) ; человек, переезжающий с места на место в поисках работы exhilarate [ig'zilqreit] - веселить, развлекать; оживлять, подбодрять, воодушевлять intransigence [in'trl nsi8qns] - непримиримость (about) awe [O:] - 1. (благоговейный) страх, трепет, благоговение ensemble [a:n'sa:mbl] - 1) ансамбль (тж. tout ensemble) а) группа музыкантов б) READING COMPREHENSION EXERCISES following words: произведение для совместного исполнения 2) общее впечатление 3) костюм, туалет; гарнитур, ансамбль casino [kq'si:nqu] - игорный дом, казино chord [kO:d] - 1) струна (тж. перен.) 2) связка 3) хорда (окружности) 4) пояс фермы II 1) аккорд, гармония звуков 2) сочетание цветов, гамма красок delineate [di'linieit] - 1) набрасывать, чертить, намечать 2) схематически изображать (то, что должно быть создано); делать набросок; набрасывать 3) очерчивать, обрисовывать, изображать 4) изображать; выражать, описывать syncopate ['siNkqpeit] - 2) сокращать слово, опуская звук или слог в середине его octave ['Oktiv] - 4) восьмерка, восемь предметов vigorous ['vig(q)rqs] - сильный, энергичный; решительный intricate ['intrikit] - запутанный, сложный, замысловатый; затруднительный coon [ku:n] - 1) енот 2) хитрец, ловкач, хитрый парень 3) ; негр, чернокожий minstrel ['minstr(q)l] - 1) менестрель (средневековый поэт) 2) поэт; певец 3) исполнители негритянских песен (загримированные неграми; тж. Christy minstrel, Negro minstrel, nigger minstrel) b) Get together with another student. Listen to his/her reading. What recommendations would you give to correct any mispronunciations? a) Read out aloud the following sentences from the text; divide them into intonation groups using proper intonation patterns; observe stresses, strong and weak forms. Make them sound rhythmically correct: 1. I am looking for a young woman of color [kOlq] whose name is Sarah, he said. 2. She is said to reside [ri'zaid] in one of these houses. He was a stocky man with a red-complected shining brown face, high cheekbones ['7i:kbquns] and large dark eyes so intense as to suggest they were about to cross. 4. Mother, not thinking clearly, was suddenly outraged that he had presumed to come in the door. 5. The colored man took another glance at the child, rose, thanked her and departed. 6. One Sunday the colored man left a bouquet of yellow chrysanthemums which in this season had to have cost him a pretty penny (= a large amount of money). 7. Mother said he was well-spoken15ﾧ and conducts himself as a gentleman. 8. It was important, he said, for a musician to find a place that was permanent, a job that required no travelling. 9. He had heard [hiqd] it in his nightlife period in New York. 10. Well, he said, it appears as if Miss Sarah will not be able to receive me. b) Get together with your partner. Listen to his/her reading, analyse possible variants in the intonation group division. 3. Complete the following sentences: 1. There is something nice in the way she dresses on Sundays. 2. There is something exciting in her light step. 3. There was something unusual in what she had said. 4. This is the most the girl can offer him... 5. This was the most the man could respond her.. 6. This will be the most the children can be expected of.. 7. Delicious or not the dinner came in very handy.. 8. Pleasant or not you must take him into consideration. 9. She was about to catch into the icy cold water but then she decided not to. 10. We are about to complete an agreement with you. 4. Paraphrase the following sentences using the speech patterns (p. 108): 1. He has a pleasant way of looking at her. 2. She has a poetical way of speaking. 3. This was the biggest meal David Copperfield had eaten for a week. 4. She had never before said anything so unpleasant to him. 5. No matter how tired she was she was always ready to give a helping hand. 6. We shall buy the piano whether it is ex- pensive or not. 7. She was just leaving the house when the telephone rang. 8. She was on the point of tears when he suddenly appeared in the doorway. 1. There is something pleasant in the way he was looking at her. 2. There is something poetical in the way she was speaking. 3. This was the most meal David Copperfield had eaten for a week. 4. This was the most unpleasant she had ever before said to him. 5. Tired or not she was always ready to give a helping hand. 6. Expensive or not we shall buy the piano. 7. She was about to leave the house when the telephone rang. 8. She was about to burst into tears when he suddenly appeared in the doorway. 114 Make up and act out dialogues using the speech patterns. There was something strange in the way she has entered the classroom today, I can tell you. I don't think so. She always enters the room in such a way. No, she was about to jump on me with her global usual accusations. Hm, may be you are right, but nothing was the most she had said in all the minutes before the lesson. True or not I have only shared my anxiety with you. Translate the following sentences into English using the speech patterns: 1. There is something strange in the way she dresses herself. 2. There was something astonishing in the way he (had) said it. 3. There was something nice in the way the child held the flowers out. 4. She shall phone him of cause but it is the most she can do. 5. She ate a slice of bread and felt asleep again. This was the most she had eaten in two days. 6. Interesting or not the stories are to/should be read. 7. Painful or not the operation is obligatory. 8. She was about to do smth (on the point of doing smth), but than decided not to (changed her mind). 9. She was about to vocation when her father felt ill. 10. She was about to play the piano when the phone began 1. Есть что-то странное в том, как она одевается. 2. Было что-то удивительное в том, как он это сказал. 3. Было что-то привлекательное в том, как ребенок протянул цветы. 4. Она позвонит ему обязательно. Но это самое большее, что она может сделать. 5. Она съела ломтик хлеба и снова уснула. Это было самое большее, что она съела за два дня. 6. Интересные рассказы или нет, их нужно прочитать. 7. Болезненная операция или нет, она обязательна. 8. Она собралась что-то сказать, но затем передумала. 9. Она собралась уже взять отпуск, когда заболел ее отец. 10. Она уже сидела у пианино, чтобы начать играть, когда зазвонил телефон . . to ring. 7. Note down the sentences containing the phrases and word combinations (p. 109) and translate them into Russian. Father noted that he suffered no embarrassment by being in the parlor with a cup and saucer in his hand. - Отецзаметил, чтооннеиспытываетнекакогосмущениябудучивгостинойсчашкойиблюдцемвруке. The driver was looking right and left as if trying to find a particular address; - Водительоглядывалсяпосторонам, как будто пытаясь отыскать определённый(?) адрес. Mother could not judge his age. - Мама не могла определить его возраст (судить о) Mother, not thinking clearly, was suddenly outraged that he had presumed to come in the door. - Мама, неосознавая толком, вдруг возмутилась тем, что он посмел войти в дверь. She began to regret Sarah's intransigence. - Она начала сожалеть о непримиримости Сары Father questioned the propriety of this. - Отец осведомился об уместности этого. Paraphrase the following sentences: 1. We are losing money right and left. 2. Days went past without any news. 3. Judge its size, please. 4. He presumed to tell his manager how the work ought to be done. 5. I don't mind living in the city but I regret being without my horse. 6. I would never question his honesty. 7. She suffered the loss of her pupils' respect. 8. "I believe you like your job." "On the contrary, I hate it" 9. It's been proved to my satisfaction that you are telling the truth. 10. "He is very knowledgeable about flowers," he said clearing his throat. Make up and set out dialogues using the phrases and word combinations (pair work). 10. Translate the following sentences into English: 1. Мимо пробежали дети. 2. Она посмела зайти за прилавок магазина, так как очень торопилась. 3. Мне трудно судить о его знаниях в физике. 4. Я всегда со- жалею о потерянном времени. 5, Я никогда не сомне- валась в его честности. 6. К моему великому удивле- нию, он не страдает от угрызений совести. 7. Сегодня холодно, не правда ли? — Наоборот, сегодня тепло. 8. К моему большому удовлетворению, oна подала заяв- ление в институт. 9. Он блестяще подвел к концу свое исследование. 1. Children ran past. 2. She presumed to drop into the shop board/counter because she was very hurry. 3. I am difficult to judge his knowledge in Physics. 4. I always re- gret the last time. 5. I would never question his honesty. I never doubt his honesty. 6. To my great astonishment he does not suffer from remorse. 7. It is cold today, isn't it? — On (to) the contrary it is warm today. 8. To my great satis- faction she has applied to an institute. 9. He has brilliantly brought/get his investigation to a head/close. He has bril- liantly button/carry his investigation up/out/through. 115 Answer the questions and do the given assignments: 1. Who was the man who arrived one Sunday afternoon to the house? 2. Why was the man looking for the young woman of colour? 3. Why was the girl Sarah accustomed to sitting at the window? 4. What made Sarah ask Mother send the visitor away? 5. Why was Mother outraged when she returned downstairs? 6. Why did Mother decide to give him more of a visit next time? 7. Why did the Negro suffer no embarrassment in the parlour? 8. How did the Negro describe his career as a pianist? 9. What was the source of Father's irritation when he finally asked the Negro to play the piano? 10. Why did the Negro agree to play the piano for them? 11. What was it in the music he played that changed the mood of the family. 12. Do you think the Negro accomplished what he had hoped for from the visit? The title "Ragtime" is supposed to be the symbolic representation of the atmosphere which characterizes the scene of the novel. Do you feel that the rhythm and the intonation of E. Doctorow's prose imitate those of ragtime? (whose characteristic features are syncopation, swing, high tension, fluctuation between the regular rhythm of sharp harmonic accents and a lively irregular ragged melodic line, the incongruity, that is a special charm of the music). 1. Discuss the stylistic means the author uses to create tension: 1) the incongruity of the sensational plot and the dry tone in which it is described, 2) the common situation and the formal tone, 3) the contrast of different styles, 4) the contrast of actions and their implications. 2. Describe how the author contrasts the young man's behaviour and appearance with the music he plays. Pay attention to the epithets, similes, metaphors, repetitions and gradation, abrupt changes from short sentences to long ones, and then back again. Observe the proportion of short sentences, the telegraphic style, the use of asyndeton, polysyndeton, inversion and parallel constructions; how is the compact, dynamic way in the speech of the characters presented? Pay attention to the fact that the characters have no names. What effect is achieved by this? Should proper names have been used, in your opinion? Justify your answer. In whose voice is the narration of the story? Where do the narrator's sympathies lie? 116 |