110302_мет._проф_2018.docx1. Методические указания к практическим занятиям по дисциплине Иностранный язык в профессиональной сфере для студентов направления подготовки
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Ресурсы информационно-телекоммуникационной сети «Интернет» http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/ глоссарий.содержащий более 950 лингвистических терминов с перекрестными ссылками и списком источников (SIL International). Ред. Е. Е. Loos, S.Anderson. D.H.Day Jr., P.C.Jourdan, J.D.Wingate. http:// biblioclub.ru – Университетская библиотека онлайн/ http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/ LinguisticDataConsortium: лингвистический сайт университета Пенсильвании; http://orlapubs.org/ORLAPTJBS-L/L81.html электронные учебные материалы по отдельным вопросам лингвистики и грамматики. http://www.cal.org/ericcll/faqs/RGOs/linguistics.html сайт Центра прикладной лингвистики (the ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Lingu-stics, the Center for Applied Linguistics). Предоставляет материалы для изучающих иностранные языки и теорию языка. http://www.rsl.ru – Российская государственная библиотека. LESSON 21 NEWS IN THE COMPUTER FIELD Task 1. Read and translate the text: Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст: 1. Holography and Computer Memory. A new polymer to coat holographic plates-reoxane-has been developed in St. Petersburg. Reoxane will bring about many changes both in holography and in other areas-computers, for instance. These machines required devices with a huge memory capacity. It is now believed that holographic memory is more suitable for these purposes, as any data from it can be retrieved (зд. Находить информацию) in a microsecond and the cost of this device will be comparatively moderate. The limit of reoxane memory has not been measured, but it is known that it is hundreds and possibly thousands of times larger than electronic memory. 2. Computing at the Speed of Light. A group of scientists of the Edinburgh University has been investigating the remarkable properties of an indium-antimony compound with a refractive index that varies with the intensity of light falling on it. They have found that a tiny increase in the light incidencecan produce a large change in the light emerging. This brighter emerging beam persists even when the triggering light beam is reduced again in brightness. In this way the crystal acts as a switch and "remembers" the triggering light impulses. The group has incorporated these properties into new computer components, which operate on low-powered laser beams and can respond in picoseconds. So the modern electronic computer may be replaced by much faster equipment that uses optical devices. In the future such computers which include these optical devices will be probably called the optical computers. 3. Current Injection Logic Circuits. Scientists from the IBM Company have invented a new family of experimental computer circuits. Called "current injection logic" circuits, they operate in 13 trillionths of a second taking 7 picoseconds to perform their switching function and another 6 picoseconds to send an electric signal from one circuit to another. In fact, the speed of an electrical signal moving between these new circuits is only limited by the speed of light. These circuits function at temperatures close to absolute zero (-273° Celsius), where many metals lose all resistance to electrical current flow. But these "superconducting" circuits operate three times faster than any of circuits previously developed. Because of their speed and low heat output, the new circuits promise a future generation of more powerful computers. Task 2. Answer the following questions: Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы: 1. Where has reoxane been developed? 2. What did these machines require? 3. What do you know about the reoxane memory? 4. What can a tiny increase in light incidence produce? 5. What did scientists call a first new family of experimental computer circuits? 6. Can the speed of an electrical signal moving between these circuits be limited? Task 3. Find the English equivalents for the words and word-combinations given below in the text: Задание 3. Найдите эквиваленты следующих слов в тексте: огромный, емкость, свойства, луч, сравнительно, микросекунда, сопротивление, пусковое устройство, сверхпроводимость, сфера действия. Task 4. Translate the following words and word-combinations into Russian: Задание 4. Прочтите следующие слова и словосочетания и переведите их на русский язык: holographic plates, require, capacity, suitable, purpose, retrieve, comparatively, measure, remarkable, tiny, reduce, incorporate, respond, resistance, previously. Task 5. Make the sentences interrogative: Задание 5. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную форму: 1. The group has incorporated these properties into new computer components, which operate on low-powered laser beams and can respond in picoseconds. 2. The modern electronic computer may be replaced by much faster equipment that uses optical devices. 3. Scientists from the IBM Company have invented a new family of experimental computer circuits. 4. These machines required devices with a huge memory capacity. 5. Reoxane will bring about many changes both in holography and in other areas-computers, for instance. Task 6. Fill in the blanks with the following words given below: Задание 6. Вместо пропусков вставьте соответствующие слова из текста: powerful, memory, impulses, measured, suitable, increase, crystal, circuits. 1. Because of their speed and low heat output, the new ……… promise a future generation of more ………… computers. 2. They have found that a tiny …….. in the light incidence can produce a large change in the light emerging. 3. In this way the ……….. acts as a switch and "remembers" the triggering light …………. 4. The limit of reoxane memory has not been ………… , but it is known that it is hundreds and possibly thousands of times larger than electronic ……… . 5. It is now believed that holographic memory is more ………. for these purposes. Методическая литература 1. Методические указания к практическим занятиям по дисциплине «Английский язык»: аннотирование и реферирование, для студентов вторых курсов технических специальностей. Ставрополь2015 г. 2.Учебное пособие. Английский язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации для студентов института информационных технологий и телекоммуникаций. Ставрополь 2018 г. 3.Иностранный язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации: методические рекомендации по организации самостоятельной работы студентов направления 11.03.02.Инфокоммуникационные технологии и системы связи. Профиль подготовки - Сети связи и системы коммутации (английский) / сост. ; ФГАОУ ВО Сев.-Кав. федер. ун-т. - Ставрополь: СКФУ, 2017. - с., экземпляров неограниченно. http://catalog.ncfu.ru/catalog/ncfu Ресурсы информационно-телекоммуникационной сети «Интернет» http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/ глоссарий.содержащий более 950 лингвистических терминов с перекрестными ссылками и списком источников (SIL International). Ред. Е. Е. Loos, S.Anderson. D.H.Day Jr., P.C.Jourdan, J.D.Wingate. http:// biblioclub.ru – Университетская библиотека онлайн/ http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/ LinguisticDataConsortium: лингвистический сайт университета Пенсильвании; http://orlapubs.org/ORLAPTJBS-L/L81.html электронные учебные материалы по отдельным вопросам лингвистики и грамматики. http://www.cal.org/ericcll/faqs/RGOs/linguistics.html сайт Центра прикладной лингвистики (the ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Lingu-stics, the Center for Applied Linguistics). Предоставляет материалы для изучающих иностранные языки и теорию языка. http://www.rsl.ru – Российская государственная библиотека. LESSON 22 SOME FACTS ABOUT ROBOTS Task 1. Read and translate the text: Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст: It is estimated that by the end of the century the over whelming majority of people will be occupied in science, education, administration and the service industry. Machines and robots will be the primary producers of material wealth. 1. A Robot Laboratory Assistant. When a research worker studies biological objects, the brain, for example, he has to operate with tremendous figures: 15 thousand million neurons, 150 thousand million interneuron elements. One cubic millimeter of blood has 5 million red blood cells. Our scientists have developed a machine to count and determine these biological micro objects. This robot laboratory assistant does in one to three minutes the work that usually takes a month using conventional technique. This robot, besides counting the objects, also determines their size. 2. Robot Assists Surgeon. A cybernetic device which collects information on the main physiological processes taking place in the organism of a patient undergoing an operation has been made at one of St.Petersburg's clinics. A special screen shows the patient's pulse rate, blood pressure and body temperature. It has been decided to improve the device to give recommendations to the operator of artificial heart. A computer being assembled at the clinic, after collecting and processing all the necessary information about the patient, will be able to control a "heart-lung" apparatus automatically. 3. An Underwater Robot. An underwater robot with the TV camera, the first of its kind, has been successfully tested in our country. Intended for detailed studies of the ocean bed at depths as low as 4,000 meters, it was remote-controlled from the shore and could perform previously programmed operations. It could be given "hands" adjusted delicately enough to thread a needle underwater. 4. Sрасе Robots. Space research in our country opens up vast perspectives for robots, Artificial satellites are already circulating the globe. The orbital stations are added to them nowadays. This equipment involves maintenance, repair, part replacement and other jobs which cannot be planned beforehand. Spacecrafts fitted with robots are already in use. The great advantage of the space robots are that they need no life support. They could be left in orbit for ever (навсегда), or sent off in a moon vehicle (летательный аппарат) to explore some remote area without anyone worrying about9 whether it would come back or not. They are also very useful for repairing the outside of a spacecraft or for assembling a space station in orbit. 5. Artificial Man for Medical Students. Science fiction has become reality at a research laboratory in California with the creation of a 6 ft. 2 in. artificial man which breathes and blinks. "Sim-l"-the first of a series of simulators - was created by several scientists from California universities. He is to serve as a "patient" for medical students. His inventors believe that increasingly complex Sims will be built, shortening from eight to six the number of years of study required for a medical degree. "Sim-1" human characteristics include ability to breathe, blink his eyes, open his jaws-which contain a full set of teeth-move his tongue and vocal cords and be affected by drugs in much the same way as a human being. Speech and mobility have not yet been built in, although the inventors say this would be no problem. 6. Robots on a Stroll. In 1910, news was received in Japan that a magic box (a robot using springs) was displayed at the World Exposition in London. This news captured the interest of a boy in the fifth form of an elementary school who started to construct his own robot of tin and cardboard. Ten years passed and the boy, now a young man of 21, had already received a patent for a robot Which could speak. This was the young Aizawa who, since then, has spent all his life in making toys. Aizawa has created 700 robots, ranging from 2 meters tall to those of only 30 centimeters. But he is particularly proud of eight of his creations, which are life-size robot brothers. These eight robots not only walk, but also can shake hands, wink, bow, nod and talk. Numerous requests are received by Aizawa for the services of his eight robots, which are dispatched to children's halls and children's science museums. Aizawa brought out two of eight brother robots for a stroll outside his home. One is Goro. He is 165 centimeters tall and weighs 123 kilograms. The other is Hachiro, weighing 60 kilograms and 115 centimeters in height. Task 2. Answer the following questions: Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы: 1. What will be the primary producers of material wealth by the end of the century? 2. What functions does the machine have, which our scientists have developed? 3. How does Robot assist a surgeon? 4. What can you say about underwater and space Robots? 5. What is "Sim-1"? 6. What robot was displayed at the world Exposition in London? 7. What did you find out about Aizawa? Task 3. Find the English equivalents for the words and word-combinations given below in the text: Задание 3. Найдите эквиваленты следующих слов в тексте: огромный, просьба, способность, клетка, подземные воды, мерцание, отдаленный, гордиться, лекарство, многочисленный, картон, определять. Task 4. Translate the following words and word-combinations into Russian: Задание 4. Прочтите следующие слова и словосочетания и переведите их на русский язык: creatе, shake, wink, nod, request, dispatch, rate, pressure, intend, adjust, thread, maintenance, circulate, beforehand, science fiction, capture, wealth. Task 5. Make the sentences interrogative: Задание 5. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную форму: 1. Aizawa brought out two of eight brother robots for a stroll outside his home. 2. Machines and robots will be the primary producers of material wealth. 3. He is particularly proud of eight of his creations. 4. This news captured the interest of a boy in the fifth form of an elementary school. 5. He is to serve as a "patient" for medical students. Task 6. Fill in the blanks with the following words from the text given below: Задание 6. Вместо пропусков вставьте соответствующие слова из текста: equipment, artificial, temperature, rate, improve, advantage, orbital, pressure. 1. The great …….. of the space robots are that they need no life support. 2. This ……… involves maintenance, repair, part replacement and other jobs. 3. A special screen shows the patient's pulse …, blood … and body … . 4. The …………. stations are added to them nowadays. 5. It has been decided to …………. the device to give recommendations to the operator of …………. heart. Методическая литература 1. Методические указания к практическим занятиям по дисциплине «Английский язык»: аннотирование и реферирование, для студентов вторых курсов технических специальностей. Ставрополь2015 г. 2.Учебное пособие. Английский язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации для студентов института информационных технологий и телекоммуникаций. Ставрополь 2018 г. 3.Иностранный язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации: методические рекомендации по организации самостоятельной работы студентов направления 11.03.02.Инфокоммуникационные технологии и системы связи. Профиль подготовки - Сети связи и системы коммутации (английский) / сост. ; ФГАОУ ВО Сев.-Кав. федер. ун-т. - Ставрополь: СКФУ, 2017. - с., экземпляров неограниченно. http://catalog.ncfu.ru/catalog/ncfu Ресурсы информационно-телекоммуникационной сети «Интернет» http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/ глоссарий.содержащий более 950 лингвистических терминов с перекрестными ссылками и списком источников (SIL International). Ред. Е. Е. Loos, S.Anderson. D.H.Day Jr., P.C.Jourdan, J.D.Wingate. http:// biblioclub.ru – Университетская библиотека онлайн/ http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/ LinguisticDataConsortium: лингвистический сайт университета Пенсильвании; http://orlapubs.org/ORLAPTJBS-L/L81.html электронные учебные материалы по отдельным вопросам лингвистики и грамматики. http://www.cal.org/ericcll/faqs/RGOs/linguistics.html сайт Центра прикладной лингвистики (the ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Lingu-stics, the Center for Applied Linguistics). Предоставляет материалы для изучающих иностранные языки и теорию языка. http://www.rsl.ru – Российская государственная библиотека. LESSON 23 SMART STUFF Task 1. Read and translate the text: Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст: Increasingly over the last few years, we have become familiar with the range of small electronic gadgets that come under the heading smart' accessories. Joggers, for example, run with-heart-rate monitors, and shop assistants carry pocket-sized computers. But these are just the first examples of a whole range of new products that promises to change our lives in all sorts of surprising ways. As a scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Media Lab, Rosalind Picard tries out all kinds of smart accessories before they go on the market. One of these was the so-called 'frown headband'. It came as a shock to Rosalind to realize just how often she frowned. Stuck in a traffic jam recently, waiting for the cars to move forward, Rosalind kept hearing the sounds of the tiny sensor inside the band worn around her forehead-each time she frowned in frustration, the sensor gave out a signal. Headlands that check facial expressions are just one of the things she and her colleagues have designed. Their aim is to make ready-to-wear items that both look good and give the wearer useful feedback. Body sensors, like those in Rosalind's headband, can detect physical changes that the wearer might not otherwise be aware of. Hidden inside watches, rings or shoes, these sensors can check for signs of stress, give information and offer advice. Another computer scientist, Steven Feiner, is working on a pair of glasses that will do more than help you to see. Imagine you want to try a restaurant in a foreign city but you're not familiar with the dishes on the menu. If you are wearing a pair of Steven's glasses, all you have to do is glance above the restaurant's doorway and your glasses will immediately become windows to the Internet, offering you full details of the meals served inside. Are you one of those people who lack confidence when giving a talk to an audience? Look to the right and the glasses will flash your notes in front of your eyes. They could also prove useful for cooks who want to check a recipe without leaving sticky fingermarks all over their cookery books. At the moment, Steven's invention looks more like a pair of ski goggles than a pair of glasses. It's a headset connected to a hand-held computer and a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, which tracks the wearer's position. Students who don’t mind being stared at have tried out the Star Trek-like device on campus. But Steven says that these head-worn displays will eventually get smaller, lighter and smarter as technology improves. As they will be relatively cheap, he foresees them replacing the notebooks and manuals that workers have to carry. He predicts that they will be useful to surgeons, giving them instant access to a patient's medical notes while carrying out operations. And, of course, this new technology has a fashionable as well as a useful application. A chemical engineer named Robert Langer has invented a new microchip that, if put inside a ring, can give off different scents according to a person's mood. That, of course, may or may not appeal to you. And, in the end, it is shoppers, not scientists, who will determine which of. These smart accessories will succeed as fashionable items and which are destined to join history's long list of crazy inventions. Steven Feiner, concerned that vanity may prevent some people from wearing his glasses, is already working on the idea of contact lenses with the same features. It is clear, however, that as small computer displays get brighter and cheaper, they will pop up in all sorts of easily-wearable accessories, even in the buttons on your coat. What's more, this is something that's going to happen a lot sooner than we all expect. Task 2. Answer the following questions: Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы: 1. What is the writer’s view of Robert Langer’s invention? 2. What does the writer think about "smart" accessories? 3. What is the current problem with Steven’s glasses? 4. Whose idea for a smart device seems to be the best? 5. What devices mentioned in the text could improve your life? Task 3. Use the right prepositions and fill in the blanks: Задание 3. Заполните пропуски предлогами: 1. Look ……. the right and the glasses will flash your notes ……. front ….. your eyes. 2. He concerned that vanity may prevent ……. some people ……….. wearing his glasses, is already working ….. the idea ……. contact lenses ….. the same features. 3. Stuck …… a traffic jam recently, waiting …… the cars to move forward, she kept hearing the sounds ……. the tiny sensor inside the band worn around her forehead. 4. She tries …… all kinds ……. smart accessories before they go ……. the market. 5. ……… the moment, his invention looks more like a pair ……. ski goggles than a pair …… glasses. Task 4. Make the sentences interrogative: Задание 4. Задайте все типы вопросов к следующим предложениям: 1. This new technology has a fashionable as well as a useful application. 2. He is working on a pair of glasses. 3. Robert Langer has invented a new microchip. 4. They will be useful to surgeons, giving them instant access to a patient’s medical notes while carrying out operations. 5. The sensor gave out a signal. Методическая литература 1. Методические указания к практическим занятиям по дисциплине «Английский язык»: аннотирование и реферирование, для студентов вторых курсов технических специальностей. Ставрополь2015 г. 2.Учебное пособие. Английский язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации для студентов института информационных технологий и телекоммуникаций. Ставрополь 2018 г. 3.Иностранный язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации: методические рекомендации по организации самостоятельной работы студентов направления 11.03.02.Инфокоммуникационные технологии и системы связи. Профиль подготовки - Сети связи и системы коммутации (английский) / сост. ; ФГАОУ ВО Сев.-Кав. федер. ун-т. - Ставрополь: СКФУ, 2017. - с., экземпляров неограниченно. http://catalog.ncfu.ru/catalog/ncfu Ресурсы информационно-телекоммуникационной сети «Интернет» http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/ глоссарий.содержащий более 950 лингвистических терминов с перекрестными ссылками и списком источников (SIL International). Ред. Е. Е. Loos, S.Anderson. D.H.Day Jr., P.C.Jourdan, J.D.Wingate. http:// biblioclub.ru – Университетская библиотека онлайн/ http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/ LinguisticDataConsortium: лингвистический сайт университета Пенсильвании; http://orlapubs.org/ORLAPTJBS-L/L81.html электронные учебные материалы по отдельным вопросам лингвистики и грамматики. http://www.cal.org/ericcll/faqs/RGOs/linguistics.html сайт Центра прикладной лингвистики (the ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Lingu-stics, the Center for Applied Linguistics). Предоставляет материалы для изучающих иностранные языки и теорию языка. http://www.rsl.ru – Российская государственная библиотека. |