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1 2 3 4 108) What runlevel is reserved for the system halt state? 0 1 3 6 109) What is the proper order of system initialization stages on most x86-based systems? init (PID 1) -> BIOS -> GRUB GRUB -> BIOS -> init (PID 1) BIOS -> GRUB -> init (PID 1) 110) Which files need to be in the /boot directory for the system to boot up (select all that apply)? vmlinuz initramfs config System.map 111) Using GRUB lets you (Select all correct answers): Choose which Linux kernel to user for boot Choose between operating systems or different Linux distributions Choose various options for booting up the system 112) Select the order in which the following system initialization methods were introduced: systemd -> SysVinit -> Upstart SysVinit -> systemd -> Upstart SysVinit -> Upstart -> systemd 113) Which runlevel is multiple user with no graphical desktop? 1 3 5 114) You can use the sudo swapoff -a command to turn off all swap memory. True or False? True False 115) Threads in a process do not share any information with each other. True or False? True False 116) A rather complete picture of memory usage can be gotten by viewing the following pseudofile: /proc/memory /proc/meminfo /sys/meminfo /proc/cpuinfo 117) Select all true statements: There is no uniform prescription for how much swap space to use. Memory used directly by the Linux kernel is never swapped out. Using swap space ties up system memory, but boosts performance. Using swap space lets the system pretend it has more memory than it physically has. 118) Which statement(s) are correct? The pthreads library enables multithreaded applications to be written just once for many different operating systems. A process may contain only one thread. A thread may contain many processes. A process may contain many threads. 119) The OOM Killer: Suspends the system until more memory becomes available Tries to keep the system running by killing processes which are using more memory than can be supplied 120) Which of the following are utilities used to work with swap space? swapchk mkswap swapon swap swapoff 121) It is not easy to turn off the new naming scheme and go back to using the old classic names. True or False? True False 122) Which networking configuration interface is newer and has extended capabilities? ip ifconfig 123) Using Predictable Network Interface Device Names (PNIDN) has come into use because: Many computers are no longer in one location; for example, laptops are on the move, and available interfaces are subject to change It makes it harder for bad actors to guess interface names Hardware such as USB devices can be added and removed at runtime On modern systems, the order in which network hardware is found is less predictable 124) Which command(s) will bring the network interface eth0 up and assign an address to it? sudo ifconfig eth0 up 192.168.1.100 sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.100 dev eth0 sudo ip addr ifconfig add 192.168.1.100 add default eth0 sudo ifconfig up 192.168.1.200 eth0 125) You can see statistics for the eth0 interface by (select all answers that apply): doing sudo ifconfig eth0 doing sudo ip -s link show eth0 looking at /sys/class/net/eth0/statistics 126) What does MTU stand for? Multiple Target Unleashing Maximum Transfer Unit (usually 1500 bytes by default) for Ethernet packets Many Transport Uploads 127) FileZilla is the dominant ftp server in use on Linux. True or False? True False 128) What are some of the file transfer tools available to use on Linux systems? Select all answers that apply. Your browser FTP rsync curl wget 129) gnome-system-monitor is a graphical monitoring tool installed on any Linux distribution that provides the GNOME desktop. It generates statistics in real time, but you don't have the ability to save the data. True or False? True False 130) ksysguard is another graphical monitoring tool, which has far more extensive capabilities than gnome-system-monitor. True or False? True False 131) Which statement is true: Command line monitoring tools such as top and vmstat are quite similar on all Linux distributions, but graphical tools vary quite a bit Graphical monitoring tools are quite similar on all Linux distributions, but command line tools such as top and vmstat vary quite a bit 132) Which of the following utilities can be used to monitor I/O activity? (We encourage you to try all of them, as this is the best way to learn) sar iostat vmstat iotop 133) Which of the following utilities can be used to monitor process and system load activity? (We encourage you to try all of them as this is the best way to learn) free top ps uptime df 134) Your system seems memory-starved and is slowing down. Which utilities would give you information about your memory usage? vmstat netstat free pmap pstree 135) Which statement is true? It is easier to monitor system activity using graphical interface tools, as they vary little from one Linux distribution to the next. It is easier to monitor system activity using command line tools, since they vary little from one Linux distribution to the next. 136) Which are high level graphical system monitoring tools? wireshark gnome-system-monitor ksysguard Network Manager 137) The command that gives you information about currently loaded modules is: modinfo lsmod 138) Which are the 3 main types of devices connected to your system? Network devices Block devices Character devices Transfer devices 139) Devices are easily registered using only their names. True or False? True False 140) udev makes sure the system recognizes any new devices which are plugged in, and also when devices are removed. True or False? True False 141) Which command should you use to disable vboxdrv? sudo disable vboxdrv sudo systemctl disable vboxdrv systemctl disable vboxdrv 142) Which statements are true? It is impossible to unload a kernel module being used by another module It is impossible to unload a kernel module being used by an application. It is possible to unload a kernel module being used by an application if you use the -f option to either rmmod or modprobe -r It is possible to unload a kernel module being used by another module if you use the -f option to either rmmod or modprobe -r 143) The lsmod utility shows for each loaded module (select all correct answers): Which user loaded the module What other modules are using it When the module was loaded Its size in bytes How many processes depend on it 144) Udev (select all correct answers): Stands for User Device Is designed to control which users can use a particular device Stands for Deviant User Loads and unloads device drivers and other kernel modules as needed Is responsible for populating the /dev directory once the system is up and running. 145) Which command will ensure the httpd service (Apache) starts at system boot? sudo systemctl start httpd.service sudo systemctl status httpd.service sudo systemctl enable httpd.service sudo systemctl init httpd.service 146) How could you ensure the httpd service (Apache) is restarted if it is already running, say to absorb a revised configuration file (select all correct answers)? sudo killall httpd && sudo startall httpd sudo systemctl restart httpd sudo systemctl stop httpd && sudo systemctl start httpd sudo restart httpd 147) What are some installation methods you can use for Linux? Select all that apply. Install Linux directly on your machine from the network, CD, DVD, USB, etc Use live media (CD, DVD, USB stick, etc) Network-based installation 148) You cannot test what a distribution looks like using live media. You must always have Linux installed on your hardware. True or False? True False 149) Most Linux distributions have only one graphical interface. True or False? True False 150) On SUSE systems, YAST is your basic interface for all system administration. True or False? True False 151) What type of command is rpm? Low-level command High-level command 152) Which command lists the files in the package named "foobar"? dpkg --list foobar dpkg --listfiles foobar dpkg --showfiles foobar 153) Linux distributions do not include graphical interfaces for package management. True or False? True False 154) What does EPEL stand for? Expanded Packages for Enterprise Linux Extended Packages for Enterprise Linux Extra Packages for Extended Linux Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 155) Depending on Linux distribution, which commands can install the libaio package and any packages it needs to function that are not already installed (Select all answers that apply)? sudo dpkg -i libaio sudo zypper install libaio sudo dnf install libaio sudo apt-get install libaio sudo yum install libaio sudo rpm -Uvh libaio 156) Which command(s) can upgrade an entire system (Select all answers that apply)? sudo yum update zypper update sudo apt-get dist-upgrade dnf update sudo apt-get update 157) System logging files are kept under: /proc/log /tmp/log /var/log /etc/log 158) Where would the user named student usually find their personal files? /home/student /usr/local/student /student /var/student 159) The logrotate program: Erases all logging files on the system Provides a a game where lumberjacks have to roll logs into the river Cyclically rotates and optionally compresses log files to save space Rotates the text in logfiles so they are hard to read 160) The first non-root user ID when the system is installed will be: 0 1000 1001 500 161) When creating a new account with useradd, all distributions will create a home directory by default. True or False? True False 162) Basic information about the characteristics of a user's account can be found in: /etc/users /var/users/params /etc/passwd /etc/permissions 163) Adding a new user to a group is done with: usermod chgroup groupmod groupadd 164) Which provides stronger security and auditing for system activity: su sudo 165) Differences between su and su - include (Select all answers that apply): su starts a new login shell, while su - just continues the current shell but gives it super privileges su preserves more information, such as current directory, path and environment variables su - preserves more information, such as current directory, path and environment variables su - starts a new login shell, while su just continues the current shell, but gives it super privileges 166) Which is the proper way to use sudo with echo? sudo -c bash "echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches" sudo bash -c "echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches" sudo echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches sudo echo 3 | cat - > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches 167) Which command will list all files under the current directory with a .cfg extension, and then delete them? find . -name "*.cfg" -exec rm {} ';' find -name "*.cfg" . -exec rm {} ';' find . -exec rm {} ';' -name "*.cfg" find -exec rm {} ';' -name "*.cfg" . 168) Which command will list all files and directories on the system with cfg in their name? find cfg locate cfg -exec ls -l {} ';' ls -l $(locate cfg) locate 169) Which command will find all files and directories in the system whose name ends with cfg? locate -r "^cfg" locate -r "cfg$" locate cfg$ locate cfg 170) Which commands can change all occurrences within a file of the string boris to natasha (Select all answers that apply)? sed -e s:boris:natasha:g file sed -e s\boris\natasha\g file sed -e s/boris/natasha/g file sed -e s/boris:natasha/g file 171) Which command will print out all lines beginning with "X" in all files in the current directory? grep $X * grep "^X" * grep "X$" * 172) sed stands for stream editor. True or False? True False 173) To combine the files test1 and test2 into the file newtest, type: test1 test2 > newtest cat test1 test2 > newtest test1 test2 > cat cat test1 test2 < newtest 174) By default, man pages are sent through the more command. True or False? True False 175) awk was created at Microsoft in the 1970s. True or False? True False 176) Which of the following commands will create a new file test1 from the command prompt? test1 > cat cat > test1 cat >> test1 cat < test1 177) Which of the following file manipulation utilities removes duplicate lines from a text file and replaces them with single lines? sort paste split uniq 178) By default, split breaks up a file into: 3 columns 1000-line segments 2 columns 500-line segments 179) Which command is used to combine three files into a fourth file? |