Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов Издание шестое, стереотипное
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Упражнение 6. Прочитайте и переведите интернациональные слова. fantastic [faen'taestik], Martians ['ma:J]anz], to stimulate ['stimjuleit], laser ['leiza], colour ['кл1э], thermonuclear reac tion, controlled thermonuclear reaction, energy, plasma ['plaezme], dozens ['cUznz], practice ['praektis], practical ['praektikal], potential [pau'tenjal], intensive, intensity, principle, to vibrate [vai'breit], fraction, project ['prodjekt], transmission, solar transmission, realise ['rialaiz], effect [ffekt], Encyclopaedia [en,saiklau'pi:dja]. Упражнение 7. Прочитайте и запомните произношение слов. world [wa:ld], turn [ta:n], earth [э:6], invade [in'veid], sword [so:d], heat [hi:t], beam [bi:m], pure [pjua], mankind [maen'kaind], enough [i'nAf], vaporize ['veiparaiz], lead [led], focused ['faukast], treatment ['tri:tmant], vary ['veari], varied ['vearid], suggest [sa'djest], magic ['maedsik], problem ['problem], combine [kom'bain], source [so:s], contribute [kan'tribjuit], duration [djua'reijan], pulse [paIs], though [5eu], encounter [in'kaunta], encode [in'kaud], surface ['sa:fis], there fore ['Seafo:], doubt [daut], entire [in'taia], weapon ['wepan]. СЛОВА И СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЯ ДЛЯ ЗАПОМИНАНИЯ amplification я — усиление as well adv — также approximately adv — почти, приблизительно capacity я — мощность, нагрузка, производительность conduct v — вести, проводить cost я — стоимость duration я — продолжительность enough adv — достаточно, довольно entire а — полный, целый fulfilment я — выполнение, осуществление, исполнение single а — один, одиночный suggest v — предлагать, советовать tool я — инструмент, орудие, средство heat v — нагревать; я — тепло, теплота heating я — нагрев heat-resistant а — теплостой кий indeed adv — действительно, на самом деле installation я — установка, сборка involved p.II— связанный, рас сматриваемый, имеющий мес то rapidly adv — быстро represent v — представлять, олицетворять stimulate v — возбуждать, ин дуцировать treatment я — обработка vary v — менять, изменять(ся) weapon я — оружие to meet the demands, the requirements — удовлетво рять требованиям in order to — для того чтобы power plant — силовая установка, электростанция Прочитайте текст и найдите абзацы, где говорится о применении лазеров. Переведите. Laser In the «War of Worlds» written before the turn of the last cen tury H. Wells told a fantastic story of how Martians almost invaded our Earth. Their weapon was a mysterious «sword of heat». Today Wells’ sword of heat has come to reality in the laser. The name stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Laser, one of the most sophisticated inventions of man, pro duces an intensive beam of light of a very pure single colour. It rep resents the fulfilment of one of the mankind’s oldest dreams of technology to provide10 a light beam intensive enough to vaporize the hardest and most heat-resistant materials. It can indeed make lead run like water, or, when focused, it can vaporize any substance on the earth. There is no material unamenable2 to laser treatment and laser will become one of the main technological tools quite soon. The applications of laser in industry and science are so many and so varied as to suggest magic3. Scientists in many countries are working at a very interesting problem: combining the two big tech nological discoveries of the second half of the 20th century — laser and thermonuclear reaction — to produce a practically limitless source of energy. Physicists of this country have developed large la ser installations to conduct physical experiments in heating ther monuclear fuel with laser beams. There also exists an idea to use laser for solving the problem of controlled thermonuclear reaction. The laser beam must heat the fuel to the required temperature so quickly that the plasma does not have time to disintegrate. Accord ing to current estimates, the duration of the pulse has to be approx imately a billionth of a second. The light capacity of this pulse would be dozens of times greater than the capacity of all the world’s power plants. To meet such demands in practice, scientists and engineers must work hard as it is clear that a lot of difficulties are to be encountered on route4. The laser’s most important potential may be its use in commu nications. The intensity of a laser can be rapidly changed to encode very complex signals. In principle, one laser beam, vibrating a bil lion times faster than ordinary radio waves, could carry the radio, TV and telephone messages of the world simultaneously. In just a fraction of a second, for example, one laser beam could transmit the entire text of the Encyclopaedia Britannica. Besides, there are projects to use lasers for long distance com munication and for transmission of energy to space stations, to the surface of the Moon or to planets in the Solar system. Projects have also been suggested to place lasers aboard Earth satellites nearer to the Sun in order to transform the solar radiation into laser beams, with this transformed energy subsequently transmitted to the Earth or to other space bodies. These projects have not yet been put into effect5, because of the great technological difficulties to be over come and, therefore, the great cost involved. But there is no doubt that in time6 these projects will be realized and the laser beam will begin operating in outer space as well. Notes to the Text
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