V I . T r a n s l a t e f r o m R u s s i a n into E n g l i s h :
1. В ЭТОМ универмаге находится точка розничного сбыта туристской компании. Здесь есть какиенибудь брошюры и каталоги путешествий Здесь нет толстых каталогов, но имеется несколько раскладывающихся проспектов.
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2. В вашем городе есть какие-либо туристские достопримечательности - У нас В городе имеется выставка и несколько музеев - Какие музеи у вас в городе - В городе есть два художественных музея.
3. Что находится на стеллажах у них в офисе Там есть расписание на летний сезон - На стеллажах находится много бесплатных брошюр. Нотам нет новейшего расписания.
4. Сколько служащих в этой туристской компании - В этой компании имеется менеджер, несколько турагентов и бухгал- гср. - Сколько у них гидов и сопровождающих - Там нет гидов и сопровождающих. Менеджер нанимает их на работу только н высокий сезон.
5. Что имеется в новом каталоге путешествий - Там несколько новых инклюзив-туров и информация об отдельных услугах. -Петь ли какие-нибудь скидки - Есть скидки на детей до 12 лета взрослых туристов никаких скидок нет.
6. В вашем туристском центре имеется аэропорт, не так ли -Нет, ВЫ ошибаетесь. Здесь нет аэропорта, но недалеко от нашего курорта имеются речной порти автобусная станция. - В порту
пет представительства вашей туристской компании, неправда ли - Нет, есть.
UNITS
PAGES FROM THE HISTORY OF TOURISM D I A L O G U E
I N Q U I R I N G A B O U T T H E H I S T O R Y O F T O U R I S M Memorize and dramatize: Student 1: Last time you told me a lot about tourist jobs and tour
ist companies. Did it take you long to learn so much?
Student 2: My parents used to work in tourist industry a few years ago. My dad was a tour
ism manager in a travel agency and my mum used to handle tour groups as a guide.
Student 1:1 was really im
pressed with your knowledge.
Now, I'm interested to know when it all started. What do you say to resuming our talk?
Student 2:1 don't mind talking about tourism at all. What do you want to know in particular?
Student 1: Last time it occured Студент I: В прошлый раз ты рассказал мне многое о туристских профессиях и туристских компаниях.
Тебе потребовалась много времени, чтобы столько узнать Студент 2: Мои родители работали В туристской индустрии несколько лет назад. Мой отец был менеджером туризма В турагентстве, а мама работала с тургруппами гидом. Студент 1: Я был, на самом деле, под впечатлением от твоих знаний. Теперь мне интересно знать, когда это все началось. Что ты скажешь по поводу возобновления нашего разговора Студент 2: Яне возражаю против разговора о туризме совсем. Что ТЫ хочешь знать конкретно Студент 1: В прошлый раз
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lo me that I don't know any
thing about the history of tour
ism. When did people start travelling?
Student
2: As you probably understand, it was long ago.
I'he first travellers were nomads, pilgrims and traders.
Student 1:1 thought the first travellers were Marco Polo and
Cristopher Columbus, to name a (cw.
Student
2: Those were the world lainous travellers. They made liieir journeys later.
Student 1: How did tourism develop?
Student
2: It developed with
(he development of transport means.
Student
1: Do you know what tiic earliest means of transport were like?
Student
2: The first travellers used to journey on rivers, lakes, channels, and seas. It goes with
out saying, that the first means of transport were boats, kayaks, canoes, and rafts. Apart from water modes of transportation teams of dogs and horses as well as camels were used for travel
ling on land.
Student 1: Later on trains and cars came into being, I believe.
Student
2: Don't rush the events! First ferries and steam
ships appeared. And only then мне пришло В голову, что я ничего не знаю эб истории туризма. Когда люди начали путешествовать Студент 2: Как ты, вероятно, понимаешь, это было давно. Первыми путешественниками были кочевники, паломники и торговцы. Студент 1: Я думал, что первыми путешественниками были Марко Поло и Христо
фор Колумб, К примеру. Студент 2: То были всемирно известные путешественники. Они совершили свои путешествия позже. Студент 1: Как туризм развивался Студент 2: Он развивался с развитием средств транспорта. Студент 1: Ты знаешь, какими были самые ранние средства транспорта Студент 2: Первые путешественники обычно передвигались по рекам, озерам, каналами морям.
Само собой разумеется, что первыми средствами транспорта были лодки, каяки, каноэ и плоты. Помимо водных видов транспорта, упряжки собаки лошадей, а также верблюды использовались для путешествия посуше. Студент 1: Позднее возникли поезда и автомобили, я полагаю. Студент 2: Не торопи события Сначала появились паромы и пароходы. И лишь затем
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railways came into being but they were not railways in our modem sense.
Student 1: The trains outdid ferries and ships, I'm sure.
I believe they were pretty cheap, weren't they?
Student 2: Not from the very beginning, really.
Student 1: How come?
Student 2: The first railways emerged as early as in the Mid
dle Ages...
Student 1: Fancy that!
Student 2: They became rather inexpensive when they widely spread in the 19th century.
Student 1: As far as I know, motor-cars appeared right in the
19th century, didn't they?
Student 2: You are pretty well informed. In the late 19th cen
tury motor-cars came into being.
Right from the begirming they gained popularity.
Student 1:1 believe, I under
stand the reason. Travelling by motor-cars did not depend on the weather conditions.
Student 2: Quite so! They moved on motor-roads with hard covering.
Student 1: Besides, people were more flexible when they trav
elled by car. I am sure, travel ling by car became widespread between cities and towns.
Student 2: Definitely so! Finally planes beat all other means of
возникли железные дороги, но они небыли железными дорогами В современном смысле. Студент 1: Поезда превзошли паромы и корабли, я уверен. Я думаю, они были очень дешевыми, не так ли Студент 2: Нес самого начала, на самом деле. Студент I: Как так Студент 2: Первые железные дороги возникли еще в Средние века. Студент 1: Подумать только Студент 2: Они стали довольно недорогими, когда широко распространились в XIX веке. Студент 1: Насколько я знаю, автомобили появились именно В XIX веке, не так ли Студент 2: Ты очень хорошо информирован. В конце
XIX века возникли автомобили. С самого начала они завоевали популярность. Студент 1: Я думаю, я понимаю причину. Путешествие на автомобилях не зависело от погодных условий. Студент 2: Именно так Они двигались по автомобильным дорогам с твердым покрытием. Студент I: Кроме того, люди были более мобильны, когда они путешествовали на автомобиле. Я уверен, путешествия на машине распространились между городами. Студент 2: Определенно Наконец, самолеты победили
54
Iiansportation.
Student 1: There is no doubt about that. There is nothing Ике speed, comfort and convenience, is there?
Student 2: But that was already ill the 20th century for your information.
Student 1: But of course! Do you think I am that backward not to know when airplanes came into being? By the way, wlicre did the first travellers use
In stay overnight?
Student 2: They used to stay ill inns and taverns in Europe iind America and in caravansa
ries - in Asia.
Student 1: Your information was very broadening!
Student 2: Hopefully I didn't talk your head off! все остальные средства транспорта. Студент 1: Нет сомнений В этом. Нет
ничего лучше скорости, комфорта и удобства, неправда ли Студент 2: Но это было уже В XX веке, к твоему сведению. Студент 1: Ну конечно Ты думаешь, я такой отсталый, что не знаю, когда возникли самолеты Кстати, где обычно первые путешественники останавливались на ночлег Студент 2: Они обычно останавливались на постоялых дворах и В тавернах в Европе и Америке ив караван-сара
ях - в Азии. Студент Т. Твоя информация была очень познавательной Студент 2: Надеюсь, я не замучил тебя разговором
A C T I V E V O C A B U L A R Y boat лодка broadening познавательный camel верблюд canoe каноэ caravansary караван-сарай inn постоялый двор, недорогая загородная гостиница kayak каяк means средство, средства merchant купец mode способ motor-car автомобиль nomad кочевник pilgrim паломник
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raft steamship tavern team of dogs team of horses trader ' плот пароход таверна собачья упряжка конная упряжка торговец
S U B S T I T U T I O N D R I L L
Practise:
1. Did it take you long to learn so much?
to earn so much? to improve your English? to brush up on your French? to learn to speak Spanish? to learn to understand German? to gain so much knowledge?
2. My parents used to work in the tourist industry a few years ago. fellow-students groupmates schoolmates tutor interpreter manager
3. My mum used to handle tour groups as a guide.
paperwork secretary student groups tutor sales tour packages tickets bookings
4.1 was really impressed with your knowledge.
skills experience progress success career choice tutoring
5. Now, I'm interested to know when it all started.
how it all started sales manager tour operator ticket agent booking agent
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what it all started with where it all started how long ago it all started when people started travelling when they made their first journeys
6. What do you say to resuming our talk?
continuing our talk carrying on our discussion answering my questions talking shop talking on business matters sharing your ideas with me
7. 1 don't mind talking about tourism at all. talking shop talking on business matters answering your questions resuming our talk sharing my knowledge with you sharing my ideas with you
K. Last time it occured to me that I don't know anything about
I he history of tourism,
tourist jobs hospitality jobs career opportunities tourist companies the first travellers tlic earliest means of transport
As you probably understand, it was l«ng ago. realize know figure out guess assume presume
10. I thought the first travellers w e r e M a r c o Polo and Christo-
[)ht'r Columbus, to name a few. the first means of transport were boats and rafts the first means of accommodation were inns and taverns tourist companies are travel agencies and tour operators people in tourism are travel agents and tour operators free-lancers are guides and interpreters tourist manuals are folders and brochures
57
11. Do you know what the earliest means of transport were like? the earliest means of accommodation the earliest means of hospitality the first travellers the first inns the first taverns the first steamships
12. It goes without saying that the first means of transport were
boats, kayaks, canoes and rafts.
the first means of accommodation were inns and taverns the first travellers were nomads and traders the trains outdid ferries and ships people were more flexible when they travelled by car travelling by motor-cars did not depend on the weather planes beat all other means of transportation
13.1 believe they were pretty cheap, weren't they? inexpensive expensive flexible widespread popular famous
14. The first railways emerged as early as in the Middle Ages.
in the Middle Ages in the Middle Ages
20,000 years ago
5,000 years ago in the 19th century in the early 20th century inns taverns means of transportation ships motor-cars planes
15. As far as I know, motor-cars appeared right in the 19th cen-
tury, didn't they? tourism and travel developed with the development of transport the first travellers used to journey on rivers and lakes the first travellers used camels for travelling on land the first travellers used teams of dogs and horses for travelling travelling by car became widespread between cities and towns the first travellers used to stay in inns and taverns
16. You are pretty well informed.
prepared read trained educated
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tutored advised on
17. There is nothing like speed, is there? comfort convenience flexibility safety companionship freedom
IK. Do you think I am that backward? poorly informed badly trained badly educated smart knowledgeable well informed
19. Your information was very broadening!
thought-provoking captivating comprehensive enjoyable helpful essential
T E X T S
Read the texts and answer the questions:
H O W IT A L L S T A R T E D
People started travelling long ago^The first travellers were no- mads and pilgrims, rnerchanTs andJtjMers. They travelled along riv- ci-s, lakes and seas. The first travellers used simple means of travel- ling: boats and ferrie's on the water and camels in the desert.
The most famous travellers were explorers. Among them were
Marco Polo from Venice in the 13th century, Afanasy Nikitin from
Russia, Christopher Columtms and Vasco de, Qama from Portugal in the 15th century, Magellan from Spain, Amerigo Vespucci from
Italy in the 16th century, Janies Cook from England in the 18th cen- tury and other adventurers fFoiTi Spain, Italy, Portugal, France, Eng- land and Holland. They made journeys to
Asr^C
Africa and America.
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JIj[avel_grew andjieyelog^ as long as means of transport kept on
^growing.
With the 19th century the age of modem trains came. In the late
. 19thcentury.the first motor-cars appeared. , "—
The age ,of airplanes changed travel crucially. In the early
20th century jet planes emerged. They made air travel available to all people. Air travel, is the,Xastest and .the most convenient..mode^of travelling. No place in the world is more than 24 hours away by jet.
Passehgers eat, sleep, watch movies, listen to music on airplanes.
Comprehension questions
1. When did people start travelling?
2. Who were the first travellers?
3. What means of travelling did they use?
4. Who were the most famous travellers?
5. What kind of journeys did they make?
6. Why did travel grow and develop?
7. What were the new means of travelling in the 19th century?
8. What kind of transportation emerged in the early 20th century?
9. What are the advantages of air travel?
TOURISM IN THE 19TH CENTURY
In the 19th century tourism wasjaaijijy for the rich. They had enough money and spare time for travelling.
Not many working people in Europe had paid holidays.
Well-to-do people used to take tours to France, Germany, Swit- zerland and Austria. They spent time at famous sea resorts in France.
They went to health resorts and spas of Germany for recreation and treatnjsial, They travelled to the resorts in the mountairis of Switzer- land and l^ustria.
In_the early 19th century tourists used to travel by trains and steamships.
In the first half of the 19th century steamships used to move within inland waterways only. But in the second half of the century they started covering longer distances. The steamships carried pas- sengers on alloceans and seas of the world.
Comprehension questions
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1. What was tourism in the 19th century like?
2. What kind of tours did well-to-do people use to take?
3. Where did they go to in those countries?
4. How did they use to travel?
5. Where did steamships move in the first half of the 19th cen- lui-y?
6. Where did they move in the second half of the 19th century?
T H O M A S C O O K C O M P A N Y
Thomas._Ji)i3k_C.QrDpany.Js. the oldest travel company, in, the_ world. As a matter of fact, Thomas Cook from England opened the
a^c of organized tourism.
It started in 1841 when Thomas Cook arranged the first trip for
,*)70 EnglishiTien by railway;,.» " " " '
In 1843 Thomas Cook organized the first group tour by train.
This time
J v e j a o y i d f i d - t Q u a s k meals and tickets f o r ' i E C f a c e s .
So it was t'he.first.B3ckage tour.
Later on Thomas Cook ma3e arrangements for organized visits to_
(lie First InternafionaT i S u s t m The Exhibition opened in London in 1851. The tourists came froin different parts of Eng- hind.
All those were domestic tours. However, Thomas Cook decided not to stick to domestic tourism within his country only. Four years later, in 1J^5 hearrangwl t first overseas trip. It was ajour tq_the
Ivxhibifion iri Paris. After that regular tourist trips started to oHier countries of Europe.
Thomas Cook continued expanding his travel business. In 1866 he arranged the first trip of two groups of Englishmen to the USA.
Thomas Cook set up the first travel agency.
Thomas Cook Company is° still very active on the travel market.
It is both a tour operator and a travel agency. But now two German companies own it.
Comprehension questions
1. What is Thomas Cook Company?
2. When did Thomas Cook arrange the first trip? What kind of trip was it?
3. What was the first package tour like?
4. What kind of arrangements did Thomas Cook make in 1851?
5. What was the first overseas trip by Thomas Cook?
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6. What kind of travel business is Thomas Cook Company?
T H E W O R L D T O U R I S T O R G A N I Z A T I O N Tourismisglobaljiowadays. ToyristbogmstgEtedi^^ lii'l'Pl^TEFUnitedl^jSions conference on international travel aiid tourism took place in Rome. ,n
Tte General Assembly of the UN proclaimed 1967 as the Year of
InteWtional
TQufiism.
In 1975 the Urnted Nations established the World Tourist Organi- zation (WTO), it emerged on the basis of the International Union of
OHiciarToiTrist Organizations.
T h e WTO is the international intergovernmental organization.
Acmally, it is a^ worldwide group of government travel organizations.
It deals .wifli ^qmbfing tounsm.tiiroughout the world. It assists coun-
Trles in the development of national tourism. / ' / •
The
supitiht bbdy of the WTO is the General Assembly. It holds its sessions every two years. The General Assembly elects the Gen- eral Secretary for the period of four years. . V'
The World Tourist Organization cooperates with the United Na- tions and many government and non-government organizations.
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