ГОТОВОЕ ПОСОБИЕ. Цель пособия в сжатые сроки научить студентов читать и понимать англоязычную литературу по профилю вуза
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Сказуемое с глаголом be Признаки распознавания функций и значений глагола be  VI. Compare points 3 and 4 of the table. Define their similarities and differences. VII. Give the meaning of the following predicates. Use the verb «делать» in the appropriate form instead of «х». Is; are; was xing; were; is  are xed; were xing; are is xing; was is xed; being is to x; are to x; was to x; was xed; was; were being xed; were is; is xed; is was; being was xed; was to x; are xing; is being is xing; are to x; were to x; are xing; was to x; was xing; is xed; are being are xed; were xing; were are; were xed; are were; is xing; is to x; was to x; was.VIII. Give the Russian equivalents of the predicates below. Is asked; was to ask; was asked; is to ask; is asking; are asking; are being asked; were asking; were to ask; are to ask; are asking; are being asked; were asked; were asking; were to ask; was asking; was to ask; was being asked; are to ask; are asked; are asking; is asked; is to ask; was asked; was asking; was to ask; is asking; is being asked; was to ask; are asked; were asking; were to ask; are asking; are to ask; were asking; were being asked. IX. Define the function and meaning of the verb be. 1. Mathematics is of great importance for engineers. 2. Automation is being introduced on a wide scale in all branches of industry and agriculture as well as in medicine and everyday life. 3. In close cooperation with industrial workers our scientists and engineers are developing a lot of new types of electronic and cybernetic devices. 4. They are to become the basis for the solution of a great number of economic and scientific problems. 5. Various techniques are used to model data structure. 6. The results of the last experiment were very important for our further work. 7. The results of the last experiment were used to improve the reliability of the device. X. Give the Russian equivalents of the sentences below. 1. Our task is to raise temperature. 2. A preliminary test of the system aided by a preloaded map was run last month. 3. This method, previously mentioned as affording good results, is being widely used. 4. The purpose of this catalyst is to accelerate the process of chemical reaction. 5. Thanks to computers we are processing information millions times quicker now. 6. The accuracy capabilities of these automatic machines are very high. 7. The experts are to take into account the results of the test. 8. Mankind was entering an age of high speeds, pressures and temperatures at the beginning of last century. 9. Metallurgists were to study a new class of alloys used in rocket engineering. 10. These particles are too small to be seen but experiments show that they do exist. Сказуемое с глаголом do Признаки распознавания функций и значений глагола do  XI. Compare points 2 and 3 of the table. Define their similarities and differences. XII. Give the meaning of the following predicates. Use the verb «делать» in the appropriate form instead of «х». Do; does; did; do x; does x; didn’t x; don’t x; doesn’t x; did x; do…x?; does…x?; did…x?; x…do; x…does; x…did; doesn’t x; do x; did…x?; didn’t x; x…did; don’t x; did x; do; do…x?; x…do; does…x?; did; does x; does; x…does; did…x?; x…did; doesn’t x; do x; does; don’t x; x…does; did x; do; did; do…x?; x…do; does…x?; does x; didn’t x. XIII. Define the meaning of the predicates below. Do; did; does; don’t ask; do ask; does ask; doesn’t ask; did ask; didn’t ask; do…ask?; does…ask?; did…ask?; ask…do; ask …did; ask…does; ask…does; do; did; do ask; does ask; didn’t ask; ask …did; did…ask?; doesn’t ask; did ask; do…ask?; does…ask?; does; don’t ask; ask…do; did…ask?; didn’t ask; does ask; ask …did; do ask; did ask; ask…does; ask…do; ; did; do…ask?; do; doesn’t ask; does…ask?; don’t ask. XIV. Define the function and meaning of the verbdo. 1. These systems do result in new materials having properties not previously available. 2. The electric motor does mechanical work. 3. Do you know how a four cycle diesel works? 4. There is a second approach to the problem that does provide a slight time saving. 5. The amount of the accomplished work does not depend on the time spent on lifting the weight. 6. What kind of methods did they suggest? 7. The ion does have a definite mobility that does not change with time. XV. Give the Russian equivalents of the sentences below. 1. The addition of heat does not increase the weight of metal, however, the combination with air does increase its weight. 2. Semiconductors do possess many wonderful properties.3. Do not change the temperature.4. Semiconductors let electric current pass through them more easily than insulators do. 5. Energy is defined as ability to do work.6. Perfect science does exist.7. I don’t understand the action of this device. 8. The engineer should do this construction properly. 9. We do realize what great importance this discovery has for the future work.10. The last experiments gave us much better results than did the previous one. XVI. Explain the way of word formation of the verbs below. Give their Russian equivalents. (see Appendix, p. …): Change, communicate, control, devise, direct, face, limit, repair, miscarry, differentiate, unfix, humanize,interest, interact, dislocate, mistaken, place, popularize, radioactivate, worsen. XVII. Match each English word with the correct Russian equivalent.
XVIII. In the text of task XX find a word derived from the verb to operate. Give other derivatives of this verb. XIX. Arrange in pairs the words with а) similar meaning, b)contrary meaning. a) Boring, change, course, conditions, alter, interact, direction, increase, tedious, constant, encourage, design, stable, enhance, inspire, cooperate, circumstances, devise. b) Obvious, worsen, limited, enhance, boundless, dangerous, unclear, satisfaction, forget, reduce, modern, improve, remember, ancient, expensive, safe, disappointment, cheap. XX. Read the text and choose the most suitable title.
1. We hear many complaints about work in factories; the work is often boring, heavy and repetitive; the operative doesn’t have to think about the work; he gets no job satisfaction. 2. The answer is a robot. For many jobs a robot is much better than human operative. Once it has been programmed, it will do its job over and over again. It never gets bored; it works at a constant speed; it doesn’t make mistakes; its work is always of the same standard; it doesn’t get tired; it can work 24 hours a day without breaks for food, rest or sleep. 3. Robots have other advantages, too. They are designed to do almost any job. You can’t change the human body, but a robot’s arms, for example, can be made to move in any direction. Robots also do very heavy work and they can operate in conditions that are too dangerous, too hot or too cold for people to work in. They work under water, in poisonous gas and in radioactive areas. 4. It is obvious that robots have many advantages over human beings. However, it is also true that humans can do many things that robots can’t. For example, humans can carry out a task without having to be told exactly how to do it first – in other words, they don’t always have to be programmed. 5. Humans can move, but robots are usually fixed in one place. If they are able to move, robots do it only in a very limited way. Unlike robots, people can know whether what they are doing is good or bad, and whether it is boring or interesting. Also robots are only just beginning to be able to understand speech and writing, but humans communicate easily with each other by these methods, and by many others – telephone, drawing, radio, and so on – as well. 6. And we should not forget that robots owe their existence to humans – we make them, repair them and control them, not the other way round. XXI. Answer the following questions.
XXII. Suggest your conception of the ideal robot. XXIII. Translate passage 1 into Russian. XXIV. Read the text once again and name the advantages of Makiis. The Robot that’s Facing the Future 1. How can we apply the new technology of robotics to old problems? That’s now an option on offer to engineering students at the University of Central Lancashire, and already this novel subject is inspiring revolutionary ideas. 2. In the heart of the hi-tech north-west’s aerospace industry, students are imagining new possibilities. Imagine being able to be in two places at the same time. Or having another version of yourself doing all the jobs you’re not keen to do. 3. These ideas are, thanks to new and surprisingly inexpensive technologies, finally becoming possible, and that’s part of the thinking behind ‘Makiis’. 4. An acronym for Makroskopic Intelligent Interaction System, Makiis is a popular name for boys in Greece – and also is a prototype ‘telepresence’ robot which allows people to interact with others anywhere in the world. We think Makiis is one of the world’s first robots that can provide enhanced human-like interaction and presence at a distance. 5. The fantastic thing about Makiis is that it instantaneously allows people to transport their ‘presence’ to another location. But Makiis is different to other telepresence robots; it is more than just ‘Skype on wheels’ because it also hears where sounds come from and turns to face them automatically, exactly as a human would do. 6. Makiis is one example of how modern technology is being used to break down traditional barriers to learning. XXV. Which of the statements below are not mentioned in the text say which of the statements below are not true.
XXVI. Translate passage 2 of the text. The Finite Forms of the Verb Личные формы глагола Active Voice Активный залог  I. Define the predicates in the active form.
II. In each line below find the predicates meaning: a) делал, делает:
b) сделал, сделает:
III. а) Find the predicates with the verb have. Give their Russian equivalents. 1 had translated, 2 will have translated, 3 was translating, 4es been translating, 5 am translating, 6s have translated, 7s are translating, 8s have been translating, 9 is translating, 10s were translating, 11 will have been translating, 12 has translated, 13 translates, 14 will translate. b) Find the predicates with the verb be. Give their Russian equivalents. 1 had received, 2s have been receiving, 3s are receiving, 4 will have received, 5 is receiving, 6 was receiving, 7 receives, 8 will be receiving, 9s were receiving, 10 has been receiving, 11 am receiving, 12s have received, 13s have been receiving, 14 is receiving, 15s were receiving, 16 will have been receiving, 17 has received. IV. Give the Russian equivalents of the parts of sentences below. 1. the discovery is leading to; 2. the discovery is critical; 3. the improvement has a reason; 4. the improvement requires; 5. we have studied the emission properties of gas plasma; 6. the concept predicts; 7. the improvement has influenced; 8. the density determines; 9. the laser has provided; 10. the devices performed. V. In each sentence find the predicate and give its Russian equivalent. a) 1. We are still learning how to exploit the potential of integrated circuits. 2. Small and reliable sensing and control devices are the essential elements in complex systems. 3. This allows computers to provide multiple independent output channels. 4. The invention of the transistor triggered the rapid growth of the electronics industry. 5. Experiments lead to new theories. 6. Electrical activity takes place constantly everywhere in the universe. 7. Google Glass is the most hotly anticipated new arrival in «wearable computing» – which experts predict will become pervasive. 8. The semiconductor industry exploits the ‘whole periodic table’ to manufacture its components. 9. Integrated electronics will move not only towards more functions per slice, but towards new types of functions. 10. The Higgs boson gives all elementary particles mass, allowing for the existence of matter. b) 1. Electronics has extended man’s intellectual potential. 2. The most striking characteristics of the microelectronics industry has been a rapid decline in cost. 3. In recent years active research has been going on in one of the fields of space industrialization – space material study and production of new materials of better quality. 4. Moore’s law has yielded fast, smart computers, with pretty graphics and worldwide connections. 5. A microelectronic technology has shrunk transistors and other circuit elements to dimensions almost invisible to unaided eye. 6. Researchers have found a way to hide messages in the data sent by voice-over-internet phone systems. 7. Scientists in Japan have found a deposit of highly concentrated rare earth minerals, crucial for the manufacturing of electronics. 8. Apple has introduced two-step authentication for iCloud and other services to beef up security against possibly hacking attacks. 9 Tweeters have been organising their thoughts using hashtags for years. 10 In the past 50 years we have moved from "mainframe" computers that needed their own rooms to ones that fit in a pocket; any smartphone nowadays has as much raw computing power as a top-of-the-line laptop from 10 years ago. c) 1. The attempts to miniaturize electronic components are largely successful. 2. Several research groups have recently reported progress in this field. 3. The advances in DNA-based circuits offer a new, powerful platform to potentially realize researcher’s long-held biocomputing dreams. 4. His collaborators are working on a microchip modeled after neurons. 5. His team is trying to create an alternative to the architecture common to nearly every computer constructed since its invention. 6. He emphasizes that cognitive-computing architectures will not replace conventional computers but complement them. 7. Even before the invention of the transistor the electronics industry had studied the properties of thin films of metallic and insulating materials. 8. Electricity provides light, heat, and mechanical power. 9. A device that counts photons individually will help to greatly extend the range of networks that send encrypted quantum communications. 10. A new scheme for a quantum communications link will allow a sender to relax in the knowledge that only a recipient in exactly the right location can read his message. VI.Explain the way of word formation of the verbs below. Give their Russian equivalents. (see Appendix, p. …) Disconnect the wires; count in tens; rewrite a program; devise a new system; revolutionize the computer industry; activate a user account; enlarge our vision; simplify this method; forecast the weather; cause an accident. VII.Match each English word with the correct Russian equivalent.
VIII. In the text of task X find a word derived from the verb to respond. Give other derivatives of this verb. IX. Arrange in pairs the words with а) similar meaning, b)contrary meaning.
X. Look through the text and give its main idea. |