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Participle I) и герундия (Gerund)
1 Существительное может выполнять функцию субъекта (с), объекта (о), дополнения с предлогом (дп), определения родительного (ор). I. Find Participle I and the Gerund. Name their features. Model these word-combinations. Instead of Participle I Active and Gerund use the verb «делать» in appropriate form.
II. Define the similarity and differences of the words in bold type, give the Russian equivalents of the word combinations below. Working people - working principles, the living organism - living standards, a writing woman - a writingtable, a smoking man - a smoking carriage, a consulting specialist – a consulting room, boiling water - a boiling point, a reading student – a reading hall. III. Give the Russian equivalents of the following word combinations below. Coding system; switching process; operating devices; modeling environment; wiring pattern; speed-enhancing algorithm; speed-limiting device; problem solving technique; increasing productivity. IV. Define the features of Participle I and the Gerund in the function of an attribute. 1. The resulting need for multiple studies is one of the reasons why we recommend making individual studies fast and cheap. 2. The mobile industry is the fastest growing industry in the world. 3. We’ll look at the value of maintaining schedules with Gantt charts. 4. We have studied the existing solutions that allow the development of mobile cross-platform applications. 5. In fact the development and use of mobile banking and financial services is one of the areas when the developing world has surpassed the developed world. 6. Functional hardware development is another expanding industry that needs bright, talented engineers. V. Give the Russian equivalents of the following sentences. 1. The increasing use of smartphones and tablets as opposed to PCs is boosting overall time spent online. 2. FM radio systems have a special method of modulating the carrier. 3. The next generation of smartphones is going to be context-aware, taking advantage of growing availability of embedded physical sensors and data exchange abilities. 4. Software engineering is a rapidly growing industry in today’s high-tech economy. 5. A system of maintaining standards is important for every stage of the development process. 6. The analyst’s job is to examine existing systems and identify opportunities for improvement. 7. A current is created in the receiving antenna that travels down into receiver. Признаки распознавания Participle II (причастие пассивное) и Past Simple (прошедшее время)
1Существительное может выполнять функцию субъекта (с), объекта (о), дополнения с предлогом (дп), определения родительного (ор). 2Если в предложении стоят рядом две формы с окончанием -ed, то первая из них, как правило - причастие II (определение правое), а вторая – глагол в прошедшем времени (сказуемое). Ho:
На русский язык причастие II (пассивное) единичное, стоящее справа от существительного, переводится левым определением. VI.Find Participle II and name its features. Model these sentences. Instead of Participle II Passive use the verb «делать» in the appropriate form. 1. The xed x xed xx. 2. The x xed xed to the x of the x xed. 3. The x xed xed the x x. 4. The xed x was xed in the xx. 5. The x of the x xed xed x of many x. VII.Compare the words in bold type by form and meaning, define their similarities and differences. 1. The technique employed used a single probe. 2. They employeda new type of robot. 3. The designers used different techniques to eliminate interception attacks. 4. The encrypted message contained sensitive information. 5. They encrypted the data to provide more security. 6. Moving across foreign domains resulted in increased risk to user information. 7. Computer viruses increasedthe vulnerability of an operating system. 8. The research conducted contributed to the solution of the problem investigated. 9. The scientists conducted a series of tests to prevent hackers’ attacks. VIII.Find Participles II in the function of an attribute, name their features and give their Russian equivalents. 1. Each Web document contains coded information about what is on the page. 2. A proposed adjustment or correction to the baseline should only be made if it is absolutely necessary. 3. The reason for the required login should be made clear. 4. Integration of security features into mobile devices must take into account applicable restrictions such as a small pocket size, low bandwidth, limited processing and storage resources. 5. The solution of the problem required the concentrated efforts of many designers. 6. Encryption doesn’t protect against users transferring restricted data to insecure media such as email, flash drives or mobiles. IX. Give the Russian equivalents of the following noun phrases. Predefined process; produced devices; computerized analysis; modified function; increased pressure; problem-oriented database; parameter-oriented model; model-based analysis; model-based expert system; modified frequency system; diagnostic-related group; effective-radiated power; speed-controlled motor; Internet-enabled system; computer-supported work; computerized information retrieval system. X. Give the Russian equivalents of the following sentences. 1. The substance obtained contained some admixtures. 2. Then we discussed the quality of the machine tested. 3. The equipment produced is of high quality. 4. The device invented showed good performance. 5. The complexity of the technique involved increased considerably. 6. The results achieved confirmed the theoretical assumptions. 7. The investigation carried out provided both decryption keys and decryption applications. 8. Engineers should wait for the manager to officially accept proposed changes before implementing them. Инфинитив в функции определения
1Инфинитив в функции определения заключает в себя a) модальный оттенок долженствования, возможностей (иногда желания) или b) передаёт будущие время в зависимости от ситуации и переводится на русский язык определительным придаточным предложением, с оттенком значения, указанным выше. XI.Find the Infinitive and name its features. Model these sentences. 1. The x to be xed xs on the x. 2. The x to be xed is xed on x x of the x. 3. The x was the x to be xed in x. 4. The x to x is xed with x x. 5. The x was the first to x the x. XII. Give the Russian equivalents of the following word combinations. Define what the attribute is expressed by. The problem to be solved; the remark made; the new technology to be introduced; the theory to be considered; the tested equipment; the tool to be used; the distance travelled; the message sent; the experiment to be carried out; the software developed. XIII. Define the features of the Infinitive in the function of an attribute. Give the Russian equivalents of the following sentences. 1. The procedure to be followed depends upon the substance being tested. 2. We observed the evaporation of water, a phenomenon to be more fully described later. 3. The method to be followed is based upon some peculiar properties of these rays. 4. Here are some more figures to be referred to later. 5. Alpha-radiation was the first radiation to be studied in detail. 6. There was only one signal to be detected. 7. There are some other properties of a metal to be considered at this point. XIV. Give the Russian equivalents of the following nouns, pay attention to the meanings of the words from which they are derived. Insulation (insulate – изолировать); measurement (measure – измерять); transmission (transmit – передавать); prevention (prevent – предотвращать; препятствовать); resistance (resist – сопротивляться); carrier (carry – нести). XV. Match each word or word combinations with the correct equivalent.
XVI. Arrange in pairs the words and word-combinations with a) similar meaning b) contrary meaning. a) Ground, immune, repeater station, earth, situate, conventional, non-susceptible, obstacle, locate, obstruction, relay station, common. b) Invisible, inside, wireless, internal, expensive, outside, visible, wired, cheap, external. XVII. In the text of task XVIII find the word derived from the verb to transmit. Name other derivatives of this verb. XVIII. Read the text and choose the most suitable title. 1.Communications channels 2. Wireless Communication 3. Types of Cables 1. A communications channel is the physical medium, through which information travels from its source to its destination. A communications channel is rated by its channel capacity or bandwidth and measured in bits per second. 2. Cable. Cable includes twisted-pair wire and coaxial cable. Twisted-pair wire consists of two strands of insulated copper wire, twisted around each other and covered in another layer of plastic insulation. Much of the world is served by twisted-pair wire, both for voice messages and for modem-transmitted computer data. Coaxial cable consists of insulated copper wire wrapped in a metal shield, then in an external cover. The shield is grounded and prevents the cable from picking up or emitting electrical noise, thus, coaxial cable is much better at resisting noise than twisted-pair wiring. 3. Fiber-optic cable. Unlike cables that carry data as electrical signals at radio frequencies, fiber-optic (FO) cable uses infrared or visible light to transmit information as laser-generated pulses of light. It carries much more signals than conventional copper wire, which makes transmission of information faster and less expensive than copper wire transmission, and is totally immune to electromagnetic interference. 4. Wireless communication. There are many situations in which it is difficult to lay wires. Data can be transmitted via electromagnetic waves and satellite links. Microwave earth stations transmit voice and data through the atmosphere as high-frequency radio waves, even if slower than via fiber-optic cable. As microwave signals travel in a straight line from source to destination, to avoid obstructions and the curvature of the earth, they need to be beamed several times by repeater stations situated on top of high places so that the antennas are in line of sight of each other, or by communications satellites. At very high frequencies (VHF) and above, many communications circuits use satellites in geostationary orbits (GEO) around the earth. XIX. In passage 1 find the definition of a communications channel and its main features. XX. Look through passage 2 and explain the difference between twisted-pair and coaxial cable. XXI.Read passage 3 and name the advantages of fiber-optic cable as compared to copper cable. XXII.Read the second sentence of passage 4 and divide it into sense groups. Define the dependency relations between them. XXIII. Say whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Correct the false ones. 1. Twisted-pair wire is used only for transmitting voice messages. 2. Coaxial cables are more susceptible to electromagnetic interference. 3. Fiber-optic cables are used to transmit data in the form of electric pulses. 4. Wireless communication is greatly influenced by obstacles, so microwave signals need amplification. XXIV. Translate passage 4 into Russian. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||