Изучение рациона-пособие-наше. Изучение соответствия энергетической
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Table 20 is compiled by summarizing the data from table 18.Table 20 The organic composition of the diet and its compliance with standard
* Note: the standard is specified in Annex 1. Table 21 * Mineral composition of the diet its compliance with regulations (example)
Ratio Сa: P (actually) – (standard – 1:0,8) Са:Mg (actually) – ( standard – 1:0,4) **Fe- standard 10 mg for mеn, 18 mg-for women Table 22 Vitamin composition of the diet its compliance with the standards (example)
* Note: the Mineral and vitamin composition of a product is determined by reference books [3,4]. The final data on the content of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, nicotinic acid (vitamin PP), ascorbic acid (vitamin C) are rounded to 1 mg; the content of iron and other vitamins to 0.1 mg. Tablе 23 The total energy value of the ration and including due to the individual components
* Note: standards are determined by age, sex, weight, physical activity (Annex 1). 4.7. Recommendations for the analysis and evaluation of the results 4.7.1. It is advisable to present your anthropometric data in the form of a table in comparison with the standards (table 24). Tablе 24 Comparison of their individual anthropometric data with standards
Note: * See tables 4-7 above and online for standards. ** Average performance of medical students of the 2nd-3rd year of medical Institute of Tula state University of Russian nationality: - height (cm): men-177±4.4; women-167±4.4; - weight (kg): men-82±4.8; women-62±4.8; - chest circumference (centimeters): men – 99.5±4.6; women – 82±4 [10]. For foreign students, it is desirable to give the average values of anthropometric data for their country (if such data are available in the literature or on the Internet). Recommendations for weight correction: – with a deficit of body weight, it is necessary to increase the diet, primarily proteins, and carbohydrates and fats in the diet increase if their number does not meet the standards and energy costs; – at excess weight it is necessary to increase physical activity and to reduce caloric content of a diet at the expense of carbohydrates and fats (first of all animals). 4.7.2. Estimated energy consumption (in accordance with the anatomical and physiological affiliation). 4.7.3. The need for nutrients is calculated (in accordance with the anatomical and physiological affiliation and energy consumption). 4.7.4. Real energy consumption (time-table method). 4.7.5 diet. In assessing the rationality of the diet is determined by the multiplicity of meals (for adult working-age population is recommended 4 or 3 meals a day) and the distribution of the energy value of the daily diet for individual meals (table. 19). 4.7.6. Compliance of the diet with the recommended anatomical and physiological standards (age, sex, weight, height) and energy costs, taking into account the coefficient of physical activity. The analysis is carried out from the point of view of compliance of energy value and balance of nutrient structure to the established sizes of individual physiological requirement of an organism for food ("Norms of physiological requirement for nutrients for various groups of the population of the Russian Federation" of 18.12.2008). Assesses the relative ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, if the amount of protein to take per unit (in current recommendations accepted ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates 1:1:4), the proportion of energy intakes from protein, fat and carbohydrate expressed in % of the total energy value of the diet (for nutritional standards adult working population of 11-13 % of the energy value of daily diet should be protein, 33% fats and 54-56 % – carbohydrates), the relative ratio between calcium and phosphorus, calcium and magnesium, if the calcium content is taken as 1 (for adults, the optimal ratio of calcium and phosphorus is 1:1.5; calcium and magnesium 1: 0.5–0.6). The balance of the daily diet for the main vitamins is interpreted by vitamin-energy coefficients (normally per 1000 kcal, 25 mg of ascorbic acid, 0.6 mg of thiamine, 0.7 mg of Riboflavin and pyridoxine, 6.6 mg of nicotinic acid). Conclusions and reasonable recommendations on the energy value and nutrient composition of the diet are made in relation to the diet of a particular person, taking into account the fact that the diet is analyzed only one day. In drawing up recommendations for improving nutrition in terms of balanced diet with all nutrients and optimize the structure of nutrition analyzed set of products (standards of the Ministry of health of Russia). The average daily set should include all 6 food groups: 1-milk and dairy products; 2-meat, poultry, fish, eggs; 3-bakery, cereal, pasta and confectionery; 4 – fats; 5-potatoes and vegetables, including green; 6-fruits and berries. At energy costs of an organism within 3000 kcal it consists of 200-250 g of meat and fish products, 0,5 l of milk and fermented milk products, 400-450 g of bread and bakery products, 50-80 g of sugar and confectionery products, 300 g of potatoes, 250-300 g of vegetables, 200 g of fruit, 40 g of cereals and pasta, 25-30 g of butter, 20-25 g of vegetable oil, 30 g of cottage cheese, 15 g of sour cream, 15-20 g of cheese, 1 egg (in two days). 4.7.8. Make a conclusion about the nutritional status of your body (according to anthropometry), energy consumption, diet and diet. 4.7.9. Develop sound recommendations for the correction of energy value and nutrient composition of the diet. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||