Аракин, 2 курс, решебник. Учебнику Практический курс английского языка
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Ex. 4, р. 436 1. It is half past eight and you haven't done your morning exercises yet. 2. I got up with a headache today and decided to walk to my office instead of taking a bus. Now I am feeling much better. 3. Did you meet any interesting people at the holiday camp? 4. She hasn't had a holiday for two years. 5. Did you enjoy Mary's singing? 6. Where did you buy these lovely gloves? 7. "Where has she gone? Maybe she is in the lab?" — "No, I've just been there. It's locked." 8. Why have/did you shut your book? Please open it again on page ten. 9.1 am sorry. What did you say, Mr. Hartley? 10. His face seems familiar to me. When and where did I see him? 11.1 hear you have just got married. When did the ceremony take place? 12. Old George hasn't been here for years! 13. "Have you read "The Man of Property"?" — "I began the book last week and have just finished it." 14. A few months ago they pulled down some old houses in our street and began to build a new block of flats. 15. Do you remember my name or have you forgotten it? 16. When I called on him, I found that he was out. 17. His first question to the girl was: "Where did you see the man?" 18. What was her answer to your question? 19. Where did you put my umbrella? I need it. 20. He sat there quietly for a while and then left unnoticed. Ex. 5, p. 437
Ex. 6, p. 438 1. I hear/I've heard he has recently returned from the Far East. 2. Look here, Tom, I've been wanting to talk to you. 3. We didn't expect/hadn't expected him to come, but he did. 4. He had been ill for two days when the doctor was sent for. 5. I wonder what he thinks abqut it all. 6. Your eyes are red. Have you been crying? 7. The story he has just been telling you is pure invention. 8. He was breathing heavily and could not utter a word. 9.1 have never met him and don't know what he looks like. 10. She put aside the book she had been reading and came up to the window.
Ex. 7, p. 438 a) 1. The Future Continuous tense (will be sleeping) is used to express an action in progress at a certain moment of time in the future. 2. The Future Perfect (will have worked) is used to denote an action that began before the given moment in the future and will continue up to or into it. 3. The Future Continuous (will be telling) is used to denote a future action expected by the speaker. 4. The Future Indefinite (will try) is used to denote a simple future action in a complex sentence with a clause of time. 5. The Future Perfect (will have forgotten) is used to express an action that will be completed before the given moment in the future. 6. The Futur* Indefinite (will be back) is used to express a simple fact in the future. b) 1. How you've grown! Good gracious me, you will get moustache soon! 2. I hope you won't have forgotten all this b tomorrow! 3. By next Sunday you will have been staying with u for five weeks. 4. If we don't get there before seven, they will do everything. 5. I will probably want to see the book before he finishes it. 6. You must not eat any solid food until your temperature goes down. 7.1 know you will whisper when Peg ha gone/is gone. You always do. 8. When we got back, they were having supper. 9. Look! The leaves are yellow, they are going to fall soon. 10. While I live, I will always remember his face. 11.1 don't think he will wire before he arrives. 12. Nobody knows when it will all be settled. 13. I'm not sure if he will be glad to see me. 14. She will do/will be doing her home-work after supper. 15.1 suppose you will work/ will be working very hard in the autumn. Ex. 8, p. 439 "Shall I call again tomorrow?" asked the doctor, before taking leave of the old man. "Oh, no, we will send for you if she isn't so well," he replied. "She has hardly had any temperature today; her cough is easier; and the pain has quite disappeared. I can't think, though, how she has caught this germ. She has hardly been out of the house for the last three weeks, owing to the intenseness of the cold, and nobody else has influenza, or even a cold." "She is certainly very subject to infection. Has she ever tried a course of injections to strengthen her system against these germs? Three injections ar. intervals of a week, at the beginning of the winter, will often work marvels." "It is difficult to persuade her to take care of herself, doctor," sighed the father, "but when she is better, I will certainly suggest it to her." Ex. 9, p. 440 Many years ago I was thrown by accident among a certain society of Englishmen, who, when they were all together, never talked about anything worth talking about. Their general conversations were absolutely empty and dull, and I concluded, as young men so easily conclude that those twenty or thirty gentlemen did not have half a dozen ideas among them. A little reflection reminded me, however, that my own talk was no better than theirs, and consequently that there might be others in the company who also knew more and thought more than they expressed. I found out by accident, after a while, that some of these men had more than common culture in various directions: one or two had travelled far, and brought home the results of much observation; one or two had read largely, and with profit; more than one had studied a science; five or six had seen a great deal of the world. It was a youthful mistake to conclude^the men were dull because their general conversation was very dull. The general conversations of English society are dull; it is a national characteristic. t Ex. 10, p. 440 Suddenly there came a knock to the door and Dorian heard Lord Henry's voice outside. He said he couldn't bear his friend shutting himself in and asked Dorian to let him in at once. Dorian made no answer at first, but then jumped up and unlocked the door. The first thing Lord Henry said when he entered was that he was sorry for it all but in his opinion Dorian mustn't think too much of it. Then he inquired if Dorian had seen Sibyl Vane after the play was over. Dorian said that he had and confessed that he had been brutal to her. He added however, that everything was all right and he felt perfectly happy at the moment. He had decided to marry Sibyl Vane because he wanted to be good and couldn't bear the idea of his soul being so bad and ugly. Ex. 11, p. 441 I have noticed that when someone asks for you on the telephone and, finding you out, leaves a message begging you to call him up the moment you come in, the matter is more important to him than to you. When it comes to making you a present or doing you a favour, most people are able to hold their impatience. So when I was told by Miss Fellows, my landlady, that Mr. Alroy Kear wished me to ring him up at once, I felt that I could safely ignore his request. I had not seen Roy for three months and then only for a fe minutes at a party. "London is awful," he said. "One never ha time to see any of the people one wants to. Let's lunch togethe one day, shall we?" As I was smoking a pipe before going to bed, I turned over1 my mind the possible reasons for which Roy might want me t lunch with him. Ex. 13, p. 442 1. "He doesn't know your address, does he?" — "Yes, he does He has called on me." 2. They had hardly /scarcely/barely covere thirty kilometres when the weather changed. 3. He is a teache of English. He has been in teaching since he graduated fro;' university. 4. "Where have you been all this time?" — "I'm sorryj I didn't know you were waiting for me." 5. She sat in the garde: for a long time and did not know what was going on/happenin in the house. 6. The key had been looked for since the ver morning, but it was nowhere to be found. 7.1 wonder where the; put my books. 8. Have you known each other long (for a long! time)? 9. Now she is staying with her aunt. 10. Dick wa thoughtful for a few days, and it was clear to us that he was thinking over some plan. 11. Next year he will have been living in Russia for ten years. 12. She said she would send a telegram if she didn't hear from home. 13.1 hear she has fallen ill and is in hospital now. What hospital has she been taken to? 14. This elderly woman with a kindly face and grey hair is the head physician of the hospital. I've heard a lot about her, she is well spoken of. 15. What a pity that the doctor has left. I didn't ask/ haven't asked him when I should take/haven't asked when to take the pills. 16. You'll see, in a moment she'll be telling us about her diseases, visits to the doctor and suchlike. Ex. 14, p. 442 The landlady brought the tea. I didn't want anything, but Ted made me eat some ham. Then I sat at the window. I did not look round when the landlady came up to clear away, I did not want anyone to speak to me. Ted was reading a book; at least he was pretending to, but he did not turn the page, and I saw the tears dropping on it. I kept on looking out of the window. It was the end of June, and the days were long. I was looking at the people going in and out of the public-house and the trams going up and down. I thought the day would never come to an end; then all of a sudden I noticed that it was night. All the lamps were/had been lit. "Why don't you light the gas?" I said to Ted. "It's no good sitting in the dark." He lit the gas. I don't know what had come/came over me. I felt that if I went on sitting in that room, I would go mad. I wanted to go somewhere where there were lights and people. Ex. 15, p. 443 Comments 1. The Past Indefinite (looked) is used to express a single action in the past, and the Present Perfect Continuous Exclusive (has been happening) serves to express an action of some duration which began in the past and stopped shortly before the moment of speaking. 2. The Past Indefinite (made) is used to state a simple fact in the past, and the Present Perfect Durative (Exclusive) (have been) serves to express an action which began before the moment of speaking and continues into it. This grammatical meaning is mostly conveyed by means of the Present Perfect Continuous, but with verbs which are not normally used in Continuous forms, such as the verb to be, the Present Perfect Durative is found instead. 3. The Present Indefinite (think and am) is used to express actions in progress at the moment of speaking with the verb to think which is non-progressive when it means to suppose, to consider, to believe, etc. and with the verb to be which in most cases does not admit of Continuous forms either. The Present Continuous (is wondering) is used to express an action going on at the moment of speaking. 4. The Past Indefinite (woke up and said) is used to denote a succession of past actions. The Present Perfect Resultative (Exclusive) (Have I been asleep?) expresses an action that began in the past, continued for some time and has just stopped. 5. The Present Indefinite expresses an action in progress at the moment of speaking with the verb hope which is mostly used as a non-progressive one, unless the speaker wants to sound very emphatic. The Present Perfect Resultative (Exclusive) (haven't disturbed) is used to denote a past action connected with the present through its result. The Past Indefinite (weren't asleep, were you?) is used because the action took place during a finished period of time. 6. The Present Perfect Resultative (have grown) is used because the past action in question is connected with the present through its results (has clear consequences in the present). The Past Indefinite is used denote a single past action (said) and to state a simple past fa (to denote a past state) (was). The Past Perfect (had changed) * used to denote a prior action (an action that was completed bef о the given moment in the past). 7. The Present Indefinite (is) used to state a simple fact in the present (to denote a presenj state). The Present Perfect Continuous (have been keeping) serv to express an action of some duration which stopped just bef о the moment of speaking (an action which began before thj moment of speaking, continued for some time and stopped shorti! before the speaker mentioned it). 8. The Past Indefinite (love is used to express a simple fact in the past. The structure used | feed expresses a habitual action in the past. So does the for would+Infinitive (would ring and would come). The onl difference between the two is that the latter conveys an addition modal colouring of will or perseverance. 9. The Past Continuous (was calling) is used to express an action in progress at the give" moment in the past, and the Past Perfect (had dropped) serves A express a prior action. 10. The Present Indefinite (speak and da is used to denote a habitual action in the present. 11. The Paej Indefinite is used to denote a succession of past actions. 12. Th Past Indefinite (said) is used to state a simple past fact (to deno" a single past action). In What did you say? the Past Indefinite * used rather than the Present Perfect because the time when th action took place is definite in the minds of both the speaker an listener, that is they know when the words were uttered an regard that moment as a finished period of time. 13. The Pas Indefinite is used in the when-c\&use (left) and in the princip, clause (asked) because the past action in the principal clause follows shortly after the past action of the шлел-clause. The Pas Perfect Continuous (had been telling) is used in the relative subordinate clause to denote a prior action of some duration tha continued up to the given moment in past. 14. The Presen' Indefinite (Do you know?) is used to denote a present state, an the Future Indefinite (will be out) serves to express a future state. The Past Indefinite (looked out and was) is used to state simple past facts. Translation 1. Она изумленно посмотрела на меня, словно спрашивая: «Что со мною было?» 2. От тихих звуков ее голоса он задро жал. «Мне кажется, я знаю вас уже много лет», — промолви ла она. 3. А теперь, папа, мне, пожалуй, лучше вернуться, а то мама, наверное, уже гадает, куда я подевался. 4. Потом она проснулась и спросила: «Я что, спала?» 5. Надеюсь, я вас не побеспокоил. Ведь вы же не спали? 6. «Как ты выросла!» — сказал Рэндал. Так оно и было. Она изменилась. 7.0 господи! Что это за звуки? Да это же бой часов! 8. «Стив любил птиц, — сказала Миранда. — Он всегда, бывало, кормил их. Каждое утро звонил в колокольчик, и они прилетали». 9. Ветер немно го утих, и где-то за домом куковала кукушка. 10. Вы, как все гда, заставляете меня смотреть в лицо реальности. Все, что вы говорили, совершенно верно. 11. Эмма сняла очки и отложи ла вязание в сторону, потом закрыла глаза и погладила свои ми длинными пальцами сомкнутые веки. 12. Она встрепену лась: «Извини, Люси, что ты сказала?» 13. Когда Френсис и Фой ушли, Кэтрин спросила Льюиса, что они рассказывали ему про молодого Люка. 14. Вы не знаете, когда будут извест ны результаты? 15. Он посмотрел на часы. Пора было входить. Милдред, должно быть, уже ждала его. |