Аракин, 2 курс, решебник. Учебнику Практический курс английского языка
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Ex. 16, р. 443 1. Let's have dinner up here. If we go down to the restaurant, we will be interrupted, and the music is so loud there. We won't be able to hear each other speak. — Давайте поужинаем здесь. Бели мы спустимся в ресторан, нас будут перебивать, к тому же там слишком громко играет музыка. Мы просто не расслышим друг друга. 2. You havereallynever beento a ball, Leila? — Ты что, Лейла, и вправду никогда раньше не бывала на балу? 3. My wife has been in Europe for the last ten months on a visit to our eldest daughter who was married last year. — Последние десять месяцев моя жена находится в Европе. Она поехала туда, чтобы навестить нашу старшую дочь, которая в прошлом году вышла замуж. 4. Hello, John! Have you been waiting long? — Привет, Джон! Давно ждешь? 5. She told him that she rang/had rung him, but she had not done so. — Она сказала, что звонила ему, но это была неправда. 6. Не looked up with surprise, "India? Did you go to India?" — Он посмотрел на него/нее и т.п. с удивлением: «В Индии? Вы были в Индии?» 7. I have never known anyone I have liked as much as I like you. I have never felt so happy with anyone. But I am sure it is not what people and what books mean when they talk about love.— Я никогда не встречала никого, кто нравился бы мне так, как вы. Я ни с кем не чувствовала себя такой счастливой. Но я уверена: это не те* что имеют в виду, когда говорят или пишут о любви. 8. It w now over a year. He had not heard from her since she left, exce for a postcard. — Прошло уже больше года. С тех пор как оа уехала, он не получил от нее ни весточки, если не считать од: ной-единственной открытки. 9. The green door opened and shu again, and all was silence. He waited a minute or two. What wer they saying to each other now? — Зеленая дверь открылась^ потом опять закрылась, и все погрузилось в тишину. Он по^ дождал минуту или две. Что же они говорят друг другус 10. "She will be disappointed if you don't come." Randal hesitated. "No," he said. "I won't come in. You can go alone." —\ «Она будет разочарована, если ты не придешь». Рэндал закс лебался. «Нет, — сказал он. — Я не войду. Можешь идт один». 11. Good heavens, my old doll! Did you find it in Ann'ej room? I had forgotten all about it by now. — Господи, помилуй голубушка ты моя! Ты нашла это в комнате Анны? А я-то уж обо всем забыл. 12. My mother is coming to stay with us next weekend. — На выходные к нам приедет погостить моя мама. 13. The garden looks quite different now that the leaves hav fallen. — Теперь, когда листья опали, сад выглядит совсем по-другому. 14. I am sure you will have finished your work by six o'clock. — Уверен, что ты закончишь работу к шести. 15. She says she will do the washing tomorrow. — Она говорит, что займется стиркой завтра. 16. Jago told Eliot that Nightingale and' he had just been discussing the future of the college. — Джейгоу сказал Элиоту, что они с Найтингейлом только что обсуждали будущее колледжа. Ex. 17, р. 444 1. I only want to ask when the decision will be taken; we'd like to know the date, that's all. 2. "Hello, you two," he cried gaily. "Where have you been hiding?" 3. I'm afraid I must be off now. My parents have come unexpectedly. Thank you, Mrs. Welch, I enjoyed myself very much. 4. Margaret Peel has told me that Bertrand is coming down at the weekend. 5. He was alarmed by the thought that he would have to talk to the girl all the way back. 6. In the dining-saloon he noticed that the dark man who had been dining alone was now at the table with Mrs. Cockson and Mrs. Benson. 7. Mr. Pinfold did not sleep for very long. He awoke as usual very early. 8.1 don't see what you are driving at. 9.1 know very little of him, though we have been living/have lived so near all these years. 10.1 have wanted/have been wanting us to have a little talk for quite some time, old boy. Ever since that summer Ball, in fact. 11. As they were strolling up College Road, Beesley began talking about the examination results in his Department. 12.1 want to send a telegram, lam not feeling/don't feel very well. I wonder if you could write it for me? 13. Dixon was a bit disappointed, he was feeling/felt none of the pleasurable excitement he had expected. 14. We will come for you when we want you. Better lock the door. 15.1 have had my eye on him ever since we started. Have you noticed anything odd about him? 16. He was not a cruel man by nature, and was secretly a little ashamed of the part he had been playing during the last month. Ex. 18, p. 445 1. «Как ты?» — спросила она. «Спасибо, хорошо. Я работал». 2. Я разговаривал с директором о неделе открытых дверей, которую будут проводить в колледже в конце семестра. 3. «Мы все ждем, Нед», — сказала миссис Уэллс, сидя за пианино. 4. Я написал дяде и попросил его сообщить, когда он приезжает. 5. Уверен, профессор, вы понимаете, что в последние месяцы мое положение здесь меня беспокоит. 6. «Я очень надеюсь, что в субботу вы придете». — «Я тоже на это надеюсь. До свидания». 7. Он искал сигареты, когда в дверь вошел Джо. Может быть, он подслушивал? 8. Да, кстати, Кэрол, я все собирался сказать тебе, что Кристина все-таки придет на танцы и приведет с собой своего дядю. 9. Последнее время я чувствую себя очень подавленным. 10. «Как ты себя чувствуешь, Стив? — спросила его жена.— Надеюсь, уже не таким усталым?» 11. Когда обед подходил к концу, миссис Скарфилд спросила: «Вы сыграете с нами в бридж?», и он ответил: «Боюсь, сегодня вечером я не смогу». 12. «Извините, ради Бога,— сказал Глоувер, — я просто не знаю, о чем вы говорите». 13. О, да ведь это как раз то, что говорил я, только сказано другими словами. 14. При виде подноса, на котором стояли чашки, фляжка с горячительным и блюдо с печеньем, дрожавший Диксон приободрился. 15. Ах, мистер Диксон, а я-то все думала: когда же я увижу вас снова? 16. В тот вечер перед ужином он присоединился к Скарфилдам. «Через пару дней станет жарко», — сказала миссис Скарфилд. 17. Полно, Дорис, мы говорили о тобой для твоего же блага. the subjunctive mood ШШand the conditional mood (TO UNITS ONE—THREE) Ex. 19, p. 446 1. were — Present Subjunctive Mood, should have — Presen Conditional Mood; 2. were — Present Subjunctive Mood, should pay — Present Conditional Mood; 3. wouldn't find — Present' Conditional Mood, tried — Present Subjunctive Mood; 4. hated Present Subjunctive Mood, wouldn't be — Present Conditional Mood; 5. would hardly know — Present Conditional Mood, met —\ Present Subjunctive Mood; 6. had known — Past Subjunctive Mood, shouldn't have come — Past Conditional Mood; 7. should never have found — Past Conditional Mood, hadn't helped — Past Subjunctive Mood; 8. had left — Past Subjunctive Mood, would have caught — Past Conditional Mood; 9. had taken — Past Subjunctive Mood, would feel — Present Conditional Mood; 10. had read — Past Subjunctive Mood, would know — Present Conditional Mood 1. Будь я молод, я бы провел отпуск в походе. 2. На твоем месте я не стал бы обращать внимания на ее слова. 3. Ваза очень красивая. Вы ни за что не нашли бы ей пару. 4. Если бы ты терпеть не мог больных, ты бы не стал врачом, дорогой. 5. «Говорят, Фрэнк очень изменился». — «О да. Если б вы его сейчас встретили, вряд ли бы узнали». 6. Если бы я это знал, то не пришел бы. 7. Мы бы никогда не нашли этот дом, если бы нам не помог прохожий. 8. Если бы вы вышли из дома пораньше, то успели бы на трамвай. 9. Если бы вы принимали лекарство, которое прописал врач, вы бы сейчас чувствовали себя лучше. 10. Если бы вы прочитали рекомендованную мной статью, вы бы знали, как отвечать на такие вопросы. Ex. 22, p. 447 1. If they hadn't helped us, we wouldn't have found the way.
Ex. 23, p. 448 1. They would do it if they could. 2. If it were summer now, we should go to the country. 3. If he wrote to me, I would write to him. 4. She would have found the book if she had opened the bag. 5. It would be better if they didn't come. 6.1 would have given it to you if you hadn't been out. 7.1 could knit another sweater if I had more wool. 8.1 would study Italian if I had more spare time. 9. If she had followed the doctor's advice, she wouldn't have fallen seriously ill. 10. The boy wouldn't be shivering if he were well. 11. If he hadn't refused my help, the work would be/would have been finished today. 12. I wouldn't have a headache if I hadn't had a sleepless night. 13. Anne could translate this song if she knew French well enough. 14. You would be quite all right now if you had taken the medicine regularly. 15. If they hadn't taken a taxi, they would have missed the train. 16. If he knew her address, he would write to her, I'm sure. 17. The garden would look beautiful if the trees were not bare. 18. He wouldn't make so many mistakes if he knew grammar well enough. 19. Would you do it for me if I asked you? Ex. 24, p. 448 1. What would you say if I invited him for the weekend/to stay with us over the weekend? 2. What medicine would you recommend if the boy had a sore throat/were to have a sore throat? 3. If I could play the piano well, I should/would play for you. 4. The boy wouldn't be shivering if he weren't cold. Give him a cup of hot tea. 5. We would gladly stay another hour if it weren't so late. 6. If I had known that you had called me to reproach me, I wouldn't have come. 7. If you had taken the medicines prescribed by the doctor regularly, you would be feeling/would feel much better now. 8. If we had begun working early in the morning, we would have been through long ago. 9. If I were you, I wouldn't argue/wouldn't have argued with them. 10. If we had known it at the time/Had we known it at the time, we would have taken measures. 11. If everything were all right, he wouldn't look so worried/preoccupied. 12.1 would have done it long ago if I had known that it was so important. 13. If you had followed/taken my advice, everything would be all right now. 14. If you hadn't refused his offer/proposal, we should have all gone/left together and shouldn't be hanging around here/sitting here alone. 15. I am sure that you would have been able to do it without my help if you had tried. 16. I might stay/I would probably stay if I were allowed to. 17. You would save/would have saved time if you went/had gone by train and by boat. 18. If you knew him as I do, you would trust him too. 19. I would have answered your question long ago if I could. ¿¡0. If you had called me, I would have dropped in yesterday. 21. If I were you, I wouldn t go there without an invitation. Ex. 25, p. 449 Comments a) In sentences 1 and 7 the action of the object subordinate clause is either simultaneous with that of the principal clause (the wish-clause) or follows it, so the Present Subjunctive (the non-factual Past Indefinite) is used. In complex sentences 2—6 and 8 the action of the object subordinate clause precedes that of the principal wish-clause, hence the use of the Past Subjunctive (the non-factual Past Perfect).
In complex sentences 4, 6, 9, 10 the Present Subjunctive Continuous (the non-factual Past Continuous) is used in the subordinate clauses of unreal comparison because their imagined actions serve as a background for the actions of the principal clauses. •■». In sentence 3 the Past Subjunctive (the non-factual Past Perfect) is used in the subordinate clause of unreal comparison because its imagined action precedes that of the principal clause. In sentences 2 and 5 the Past Subjunctive Continuous (the non-factual Past Perfect Continuous) is used in the subordinate clauses of unreal Comparison because their imagined actions went on for some time up to the moment when the actions of the principal clauses took place.
In sentences 5, 6, 9,10 the Past Subjunctive (the non-factual Past Perfect) is used in the clauses of unreal concession (5) and unreal condition (6,9,10) because the situations refer to the past.
Sentences 1, 2, 3, 5 refer to the present, so the Present Subjunctive is used. Sentences 4 and 6 refer to the past, hence the use of the Past Subjunctive. Translation 1. Ты был очень добр к тому иностранцу, Дик. Хорошо бы/ Хотелось бы его увидеть. (Жаль, что мы не можем с ним встретиться.) 2. Дора жалела, что не вынула книгу из чемодана до отхода поезда. 3. Это хорошая мысль. Жаль, что я не подумал об этом раньше. 4. Он кивнул ей и торопливо направился к своей комнате. Жаль, что она его видела. Жаль, что она вообще там оказалась. 5. Он подумал, что было бы куда лучше, если бы Милдред к нему не обращалась. 6. Это была отличная мысль. Жаль, что она не пришла в голову мне самому. 7. Хо-| телось бы мне быть в этом уверенным. 8. Неужели вам не жаль, I что вы не явились раньше?
d) 1. Если бы только отец бы л жив! 2. Если бы это было правдой! 3. Если бы (только) я мог в это поверить! 4. Если бы только он рассказал тебе всю историю с начала до конца! 5. Если бы (только) она была с нами! 6. Если бы только я не упомянул его имени! Как я мог сделать такую глупость! |