Аракин, 2 курс, решебник. Учебнику Практический курс английского языка
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Ex. XVII a), p. 77
Многие больницы, работающие в системе Государственной службы здравоохранения, были построены в XIX веке, а не которые, такие, например, как знаменитые больницы Св. Вар фоломея и Св. Фомы, ведут свое происхождение от еще более ранних благотворительных учреждений. Около 85% стоимости медицинских услуг оплачивается из налоговых поступлений, остальное покрывается за счет Государственной службы здравоохранения и тех денег, кото рые пациенты платят за рецепты, лечение и протезирование зубов и очки. Органы здравоохранения могут также собирать добровольные пожертвования.
3. Многие больницы, работающие в системе Государствен ной службы здравоохранения, устарели и переполнены, а из-за недостатка коек больным приходится подолгу ждать опе раций. Богатые предпочитают обращаться к частнопрактику ющим врачам или же к специалистам с Харли-стрит, зна менитой «врачебной» улицы в Лондоне. Когда такие люди за болевают, они ложатся в частные клиники, пребывание в ко торых может стоить целых сто фунтов в неделю. Они также могут заплатить за отдельную палату в обычной больнице, что обойдется примерно в десять фунтов в день. unit three Ex. II, p. 85 1. Will it be convenient for/to everybody to have our meeting after the lessons? — I believe so, but I don't know if it will be convenient for/to our teacher. 2. Would it be easy/difficult for the second-year students to read English newspapers? — If you mean papers published in Britain, I think it would be difficult for them so far. 3. Which is more important for a student: to read or to speak English well? — If the student is going to become a teacher, it's equally vital for him or her both to read and speak well. 4. Do you think it would be useful for students with bad spelling to copy English texts? — It might be helpful/good for them, but to tell you the truth it's a very tiresome job. 5. Will it be useful/good for students to take part in the phonetic contest at our department? — Of course. It will be excellent for the first-year students as it will give them a good chance to brush up their pronunciation. Ex. Ill, p. 85 1. It will be easy for her to make friends with children: they like the way she plays with them. 2. It would be interesting for me to take part in the excursion if I were younger. 3.1 don't like the way you read, you should give more attention to reading aloud. 4. I think it's necessary for you to consult a doctor about your headache. 5.1 don't like the way this nurse gives injections. 6. It will be interesting for the first-year students to learn about the history and traditions of our Institute. Ex. Ill, p. 94
attract — attracted, attracted, attracting send — sent, sent, sending display — displayed, displayed, displaying flow — flowed, flowed, flowing lie — lied, lied, lying (лгать) lie — lay, lain, lying (лежать) hurry — hurried, hurried, hurrying strike — struck, struck, striking puzzle — puzzled, puzzled, puzzling
royal [' ГЭ1Э1] canal [кэ' nael] sunbather [' SAnbcido] major [' meidsa] barrier [' basr is] panorama [panj'rams] double-decker [х1лЬ(э)Г deks] disaster [di' zu:sto] c) narrow — narrower — narrowest small — smaller — smallest great — greater — greatest old — older/elder — oldest/eldest quiet — quieter/more quiet — quietest/most quiet worthy — worthier — worthiest busy — busier — busiest easy — easier — easiest Ex. IV, p. 94 eat — uneatable, i. e. not fit to be eaten — несъедобный read — unreadable, i. е. 1. difficult or impossible to read, especially because of extreme untidiness — неразборчи вый; 2. too dull to be read; not worth reading — скуч ный, нечитабельный break — unbreakable, i. e. impossible to break — неломкий, нехрупкий, небьющийся forget — unforgettable, i. e. impossible to forget — незабы ваемый pardon — unpardonable, i. e. that cannot be forgiven — не простительный describe — undescribable (also indescribable), i. e. that cannot be described — неописуемый desire — undesirable, i. e. unpleasant and unwanted — не желательный imagine — unimaginable, i. e. that cannot be imagined — невообразимый believe — unbelievable, i. e. too improbable to be believed or very surprising — невероятный Ex. IX, p. 96
short piece of string to tie the parcel with. 6. I'd like to have a slice of lemon with my tea. с) 1. Red Square is a historic spot: many historic events t^ok place in it. 2. In his historical novels Walter Scott gove a wonderful description not only of historical events, but of whole historical epochs. 3. The ninth of May is one of the most important historical dates: we celebrate our historic victory in World War II. 4. There are many historical monuments in Moscow. Ex. XI a), p. 96 Please remember: traffic in Britain keeps to the left! So when crossing a street look right first, then left. If possible, cross over zebra crossings, sometimes indicated with flashing orange lights on either side of the road. The speed limit in Britain is 70 mph (= miles per hour); in built-up areas 30 mph. Careful riding is essential as there are many narrow and winding roads. Roads for fast long distance driving are called motorways. The best known is the motorway between London and Leeds. Road signs are mostly the same as those used on the continent. The same goes for traffic lights. Ex. XII a), p. 97 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. Букв, пер.: Одна птица в руке стоит двух в кустах. Русск. .же.: Лучше си ница в руке, чем журавль в небе. The game is not worth the candle. — Игра не стоит свеч. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. Букв, пер.: Один час утром стоит двух вечером. Русск. же.: Утро вечера мудренее. Bet veen two evils 'tis not worth choosing. Букв, пер.: Нет смысла/He стоит выбирать из двух зол. Русск. .же.: Хрен редь ки не слаще. Ex. XII, р. 97 1. It is not well worth taking a trip along the Thames today: the wind is too strong. 2. It is well worth taking/following his advice. 3. It isn't well worth spending your time on things you are not interested in. 4. It is well worth visiting the Science Museum in London. 5. Just as Westminster often stands for Parliament of Great Britain, so the City is its financial centre. 6. Just as the Humanities/the Arts stand for history, literature and foreign languages, so the Sciences stand for physics, chemistry, botany, etc. Ex. XV a), p. 98 Кроме важнейших новостей, публикуемых на первой по лосе под аршинными заголовками/под заголовками, набран ными крупным жирным шрифтом, в газете есть и множество других разделов. Некоторые читатели сразу же обращаются к страницам тематических объявлений, называемых так пото му, что все они разбиты по темам, например «Сдается внаем», «Куплю», «Требуются»/«Работа» и т. п. Для тех, кто интере суется тем, что сейчас носят, существуют странички моды. Если вам хочется узнать, где что идет, какие и где проводятся выставки и т. п., можно посмотреть раздел «Афиша». Неко торым нравится просматривать всю газету, страница за стра ницей, то читая заголовки, то пробегая глазами какую-нибудь статью, то разглядывая политические карикатуры или знако мясь с теми или иными новостями бизнеса. Ex. XVI, р. 98 1. The speaker spoke about the future of mankind. 2. This picture always attracts the visitors of the museum. 3. The inscription on the monument puzzled the tourists because/as none of them had come across Old English before. 4. We were surprised to learn that near Marble Arch in Hyde Park anyone can air their views on any subject. One may often hear a lot of nonsense there. 5. Here is the advertisement/ad you need. 6. Believe me, this young man is worthy of your respect. 7. Nowadays pounds and pence are in circulation in Britain. 8. 1945 is a historic year for all mankind. 9. Every British newspaper has its own readership/ circle of readers. 10. London like any other capital/capital city with heavy traffic has its share of road/motoring/traffic accidents. 11. The Vorobiovy Hills give a striking panorama of Moscow. 12. The place is/The premises are heated with hot water circulating in pipes. 13. Hundreds of new houses grow up/spring up/appear in all the cities and towns of our/this country. 14. The visitors of this museum are attracted by its rich collection of fine and applied arts. 15. The exhibits in the History Museum display the development of civilization on the territory of Russia. 16. The speed limit in Moscow's residential areas/districts is 60 km p. h. (kilometres per hour). Ex. XVII, p. 100 After more than ten years of debating whether it is worth/ well worth allowing television into the British Parliament, the Lords have at long last permitted the installation of TV cameras in their House. The Commons, however, won't pass a similar resolution. One of the main opponents of broadcasting/airing/ televising the sessions of Parliament live/of putting the sessions of Parliament on the air is Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. To justify her stance she claims that such broadcasts will cost too much. But according to the London correspondent of the American newspaper "Christian Science Monitor" the true reason for Mrs. Thatcher's stubborn resistance is her unwillingness to publicize/to bring to light the criticism of her government. Besides, as Lord Whitelow has pointed out in a recent debate, another big problem is the fact that many MPs just doze off during the sessions. Showing the napping legislators on TV/Airing the napping legislators will surely not boost their popularity. Ex. I, p. 109 mansion — a large and stately house to live from hand to mouth — to have only just enough money to live on and nothing for the future miserable houses — poor unrepaired houses to line the streets — to form rows along the streets dome — a rounded roof on a building slums — a city area of old unrepaired houses and poor living conditions to come first — 1. to be the first to come; 2. to win a competition {also to come second, third, etc.); 3. to be more important to smb. than anything else, e. g. My family comes first, my work second) the Crown Jewels — the crowns, jewels, swords, etc. worn by the monarch on important state occasions statesman — a political or government leader, especially one who is respected as being wise, honest and disinterested huge — 1. extremely large; 2. very great in degree across the road — on the opposite side of the road, e. g. the house across the road = the house opposite the seat of the government — the building(s) where the government works; the seat of smth. — the place where smth. is or where a particular activity is carried on at the cost of smb's life — at the loss of smb's life, given to obtain or save smth. or smb. to face smth. — 1. to have or turn the face or front to smth. or in a certain direction; 2. to have to deal with (a problem or unpleasant situation), e.g. We are facing a bleak future if Father doesn't find a job; 3.to accept or to deal with (a problem, unpleasant situation, opponent, enemy, etc.) firmly, e. g. You'll have to face the facts: your grammar isn't good enough, and you will hardly be able to pass the exam ■». shady avenues — broad streets with pavements protected from the sun by trees Ex. II, p. 109 a) mansion [' m аг n f( a) n ] большой особняк restaurant [' rest(a)rDnt] ресторан jewel ['d3ii:al] драгоценность guard [gad] 1. nохрана; охранник, часовой; 2. vохра нять halt [ha:lt] останавливать(ся) column ['knlam] 1. колонна; 2. колонка, столбец (в га зете) ton [Un] тонна sovereign ['sDvrin] 1. nсуверен; 2. ad; суверенный national Г па:Г( э)nal] национальный, государственный; на родный, всенародный float [flaut] плавать; держаться на поверхности sculpture [' skAlpt/a] скульптура, статуя swan [swdii] лебедь weigh [v. с i I взвешивать(ся) conqueror [' kDnkara] завоеватель specimen ['spesimin] образец, образчик b) ho'tel, 'ceremony, Re'naissanc/'Renaissance [ri'neis(a)ns, . rena'sans], Tra'falgar 'Square, 'manuscript, 'avenue, architect, E'lizabeth,'Senate 38 Essential Course / Unit Three 39 с) build — rebuild — 1. строить заново, восстанавливать; 2. перестраивать tell — retell — пересказывать construct — reconstruct — 1. реконструировать, перестра ивать; 2. восстанавливать, воссоздавать arm — rearm — перевооружать produce — reproduce — воспроизводить Ex. VIII, p. Ill Scotland Yard is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police of London. For most people its name immediately brings to mind the picture of a detective — cool, collected, efficient, ready to track down any criminal. Scotland Yard is situated on the Thames Embankment close to the Houses of Parliament and the familiar clock tower of Big Ben. The name "Scotland Yard" originates from the plot of land adjoining Whitehall Palace where since about the 14th century the royalty and nobility of Scotland stayed when visiting the English Court. The popular nickname of the London policeman "bobby" is a tribute to Sir Robert Peel who introduced the police force in 1829 and whose Christian name attached itself to members of the force. Ex. X, p. 112 1. In the very centre of the City opposite the Bank of England is the statue of Wellington, the famous English general and statesman of the 19th century. Under his command the British troops and their allies defeated Napoleon's army at Waterloo in 1815. Waterloo Bridge, one of the most beautiful bridges across/ over the Thames was so named/named so in memory of this victory. 2. The Mall is a broad avenue, lined with trees/a broad, tree-lined avenue leading from Trafalgar Square to Buckingham Palace, the Royal residence. Opposite the Palace (there) stands a huge monument with a statue of Victory at its top. This mo nument was erected/set up in memory/in honour of Queen Victoria whose sixty-four-year reign (1837—1901) was the longest in history. 3. The Highgate Cemetery is famous for the grave of Karl Marx who was buried there. In 1956 a monument to Marx was erected/set up there funded/financed with the donations/contributions that had been sent by workers from all over the world. Ex. XIV, p. 113 1. Out of/From/Through a taxi window you can only get/ catch/obtain/have a glimpse of London. There are many other ways of seeing/doing its sights: one can walk around it, one can go on a two-hour/on two hours' (circular) tour in a tourist bus, one can see the city from the top of a double-decker/double-decker bus; besides, one can take a trip along the Thames or the Great Canal in Regent's Park. 2. If you could fly over Moscow in a helicopter, you could see how much our capital has changed and grown. Long streets, lined with trees cross the city in all directions, and blocks of new many-storeyed/multistory houses (of highrises) have grown up/sprung up/appeared on its outskirts instead of small wooden houses, dark with soot and smoke. Huge cranes stand high above/over the numerous building sites of the capital. 3. The underground/subway is the most convenient city transport/form of transport. Hundreds of thousands of Muscovites and visitors go up and down its escalators (moving stairways/staircases) and admire the architecture and decoration of its wonderful underground/subterraneous palaces. 4. The monument to Alexander Pushkin in Puskinskaya (now Strastnaya) Square is one of Muscovites' favourite monuments/ favourites. At its foot one may/can always see bouquets of natural flowers, brought by Muscovites to honour the memory of their favourite/beloved poet. |