УМК англ для 1 курсов медиков. УМК англ 1 курс. Учебнометодическое пособие по английскому языку для студентов первого курса
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3.10. Навыки общественной жизни. Выборпрофессии. I. Words and word-combinations to be remembered: curriculum vitae (CV) - биография written application - письменное заявление opening position - вакансия to choose an occupation - выбратьработупо toone'sliking желанию experimental period - испытательный срок toworkshift-work - работать по сменам to have flexible schedule - иметь гибкий график toworkpart/fulltime - работать неполный/полный рабочий день toworkninetofive - работать с девяти до пяти togetoff - увольняться beonsickleave - быть на больничном torunbusiness - заниматься бизнесом todotrade - вести торговлю entrepreneur - предприниматель owner - владелец officer - чиновник, должностное лицо employmentoffice - агентство по трудоустройству workexperience - стаж employmentbook - трудовая книжка position - должность supervisor - начальник subordinate - подчиненный salary - зарплата служащего wage - зарплата рабочего fee - гонорар творческого работника rateofpay - ставка оплаты fairsalary - достойная зарплата legalcontract - трудовоесоглашение incometax - налог contractualobligations - договорныеобязательства toundertakearesponsiblepost - заниматьответственныйпост employer/employee - служащий/работодатель jobprospects - перспективы для работы opportunities for rapid возможности advancement - быстрого роста to be accustomed to work - привыкнуть under pressure - напряженно работать tocontactwithpeopleeasily - легко налаживать контакт с людьми tohavegoodreferences - иметьхорошие отзывы supportiveenvironment - хорошая рабочая обстановка mainstrength - основныедостоинства promising - перспективный creative - творческий reliable - надежный skilful - опытный II. Read, translateandretellthetext: Planning acareer Having a job and having a career are two very different things. A job is something you do to make money. You may enjoy the job, work hard at it and do well, but you are primarily doing it for the money to satisfy your other interests outside of the work environment. A career is something that integrates your desires and interests so that it gives you satisfaction above and beyond the money you make. A profession is a type of job that needs a high level of education. To have a career means commitment and development but first of all planning. This process can begin at any age. For some people it starts when they are small children and visit mom or dad at their place of work. For others it can come later through the inspiration of a teacher or exposure to a wider range of fields. It is up to each individual to decide whether a job or career is best for them. People may share the same talent and interest but other aspects of their personality will dictate which direction to go with that interest. For example, one guitar player may decide to plan a career as a professional musician. Another may decide that the financial insecurity is too much for him, get a regular job satisfy his musical interests in his free time. Whether you decide to get a job or plan a career, the job market today is quite different from that of your parents. In the Soviet system young people were guaranteed a job upon graduation. Now, there are no guarantees after university, institute or school. The young person in today's Russia faces a very competitive job market. What do the new dynamics of the Russian job market mean for young people? First, if they have decided they want a career, they must start early in their academic life to plan and take steps to develop their professional careers. Second, in addition to a suitable background for a desired career, creativity, self-promotion and preparation are absolutely vital for any sort of success in the job search. Last, students must develop confidence in themselves and recognize the power that each of them has to take control of their future and shape it in a way that is best for them. III. Read the text and say if you agree or disagree with the following statements: true or false. Having a job and having a career are two very different things. Planning a career can begin at any age. The choice of a career doesn't only depend on a person's talents and interests. To face a competitive job market is to have no guarantees for getting a job. To take control of the future and to be well-prepared for the challenges of the job market one should take several very important steps. IV. Read, translate and give the main idea of the text: Looking for a Job Looking for a job is a full-time occupation in itself, so it's important to get yourself self-assessed. Look at yourself realistically, at your experience, your strengths and weaknesses, likes and dislikes and decide. What you are good at, not so good at, what sort of things you want to do and can do. Use all possible sources to help you get careers advice: employment agency; job center; private employment agencies; national and local newspapers; professional or trade newspapers and journals; applications to possible employers; local radio stations; friends and relatives. If you feel you like the job being advertised or being offered to you make an application. The aim of your application is to get you an interview ; the aim of interview is to get you the job. The first thing to do is to draw up a personal information chart or curriculum vitae (CV). This should contain such sections as: personal detail – full name, address, phone number, date of birth, marital status; your work experience; your educational background; details of any training; personal particularities which are relevant (foreign languages, voluntary work, interests and so on). Many of the jobs that are advertised in newspapers give a telephone number for applicants to ring. When you ring up about a job you must know what you want to say and how to say it: be confident on the telephone; know your facts; give the facts in a straightforward manner; try to make a good impression on the person to whom you are talking. V. Answer the questions: What does your father do for a living? Is there a lot of stress connected with his work? Do you think that present career is the right one for him? What is your mother's occupation? Have your parents ever been unemployed? What is your family income? Is career an important part in your life? What is your idea of an ideal job? What are some good jobs to have and why? What are the worst jobs and why? What job would you like to get after you graduate from the University? You have won or inherited a lot of money. Would you continue working? Would you agree to get married and not to work? At what age can you get a part-time job in your country? What are the most popular jobs for young men and women? Would you like your work to be indoors or outdoors? Would you like to have your own business? Why? Do you prefer to have a job for which no further training is required or further training is necessary? Would you like to work for a big organization? Would you like a job that involved making things with your hands? What does you future profession demand from you? What are the main advantages and disadvantages of your future profession? VI. Askyourfriend: как он представляет разницу между карьерой и работой; какими факторами он будет руководствоваться при выборе работы (work which is useful to society; good salary or wages: opportunities to meet different people; opportunities to travel, flexible hours; interesting and not boring work; good pension scheme: dealing with children; responsibility of your own; the chance of promotion; good career prospects; good working conditions; friendly colleagues, long holidays and other factors) VII. Comment on the following proverbs: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Work done, have your fun. Jack of all trades and master of none. Business before pleasure. Business is business. If you want a thing well done, do it yourself. New lords, new laws. A new broom sweeps clean. VIII . Speak on your future profession in as many details as possible, answering the following questions: Where do you study? What faculty and speciality do you study at? What general and special subjects do you have? Why did you choose this profession? Do you have practice at enterprises of our town? Is your future profession useful? Why? IX. Complete the sentences with the words: Occupation, career, creative, architect, vet, responsible, noble, prestigious, librarian, fireman. The profession of a photographer is very………… I think teaching is a ……….. profession. We have always thought that any job in the hospital is……… Careers of computers programmers are very………. nowadays. My cousin wants to be an……… Will you write your…….. on this form? A……. is a person who works in the library to help people to choose books to read. I am sure that the profession of a………… is rather dangerous. His ………. As a driver came to the end after a road accident. I am going to be a……. because I like animals and birds. 3.11. Великобритания Great Britain Words and word-combinations to be remembered: Great Britain - Великобритания The United Kingdom of Great Объединенное Королевство Britain and Northern Ireland - Великобритании и Северной Ирландии official - официальный to occupy - занимать isle - остров island - остров to consist of - состоять total - общий square - квадратный to make up - составлять capital - столица respectively - соответственно population - население to separate - отделять EnglishChannel - Английский канал (Ла-Манш) StraitofDover - Па-де-Кале(Дуврский пролив) coast - побережье to wash - омывать navigation - судоходство chief - главный mild - мягкий temperate - умеренный due to - вследствие influence - влияние Gulf Stream - Гольфстрим humid - влажный changeable - изменчивый too - слишком foggy - туманный rainy - дождливвый producer - производитель machinery - оборудование textile - текстильный aircraft - авиационный shipbuilding - судостроение monarchy - монархия chamber - палата House of Commons - палата общин to win - побеждать majority - большинство seat - место to form - образовывать leader - лидер to choose - выбирать to be responsible for - быть ответсвенным за particular - особый government - правительство to cross - пересекать upright - вертикальный saint - святой patron - покровитель, заступник daffodil - бледно-желтый нарцисс thistle - чертополох shamrock - трилистник Read, translate and retell the text: Great Britain The official name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It occupies the territory of the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands: Great Britain and Ireland and about five thousand small islands. The total area is over 244 000 square kilometres. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are: London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively. The population of the country is over 57 million people; about 80 % of them live in cities and towns. Great Britain is separated from the European continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. The west coast of the country is washed by the Irish Sea, the east coast is washed by the North Sea. There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long and not good for navigation. The chief rivers are the Severn and the Thames. The climate in the United Kingdom is generally mild and temperate due to the influence of the Gulf Stream. It is mild, humid and changeable. It is never too hot or too cold. Great Britain is well known as a foggy and rainy country. The United Kingdom is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world's largest producers and exporters of machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the main important industries of the country is shipbuilding. The largest cities of Great Britain are: London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Sheffield, Bristol, Leeds, Edinburgh. The United Kingdom is a monarchy. The Queen is the official head of the state. The legislative power is vested in Parliament. It consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. There are three main political parties: the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal. The party which wins the majority of seats in Parliament forms the Government and its leader becomes Prime Minister. The Prime Minister chooses about twenty MP's from his party to become Cabinet Ministers. Each minister is responsible for a particular area of government. English is the official language, but some people speak Scottish, Welsh and Irish. The flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of three crosses. The upright red cross is the cross of St. George, the patron saint of England. The white diagonal cross (with arms going into the corners) is the cross of St.Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland. The red diagonal cross is the cross of St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. David is the patron saint of Wales. Rose is a symbol of England, daffodil is a symbol of Wales, thistle is the symbol of Scotland and shamrock is the symbol of Ireland. Answer the questions: What is the official name of the country ? What parts does it consist of ? Is the population over 57 million people ? What is Great Britain separated by from the continent ? The chief rivers in Great Britain are the Severn and the Thames, aren't they ? Why is British climate mild ? Is Great Britain a highly developed industrial country ? What British industries do you know ? Who rules Britain officially ? What does the British Parliament consist of ? What is the official language in Great Britain ? Exercise 3.11.3. What do you know about … the United Kingdom as an island state? the countries and largest cities in the United Kingdom? the chief rivers of Great Britain and their importance? industries of the country? the distribution of population in the United Kingdom? the climate of Great Britain? the political parties in the country? the language spoken in the United Kingdom? the national emblems of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland? the flag of the country? |