Вступний фонетикоорфоепічний курс вступ
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A. dividing B. widening C. spreading D. reaction to pain E. stimulation 7. What does the term "encephalitis" mean? A. Inflammation of the brain B. Inflammation of the spinal nerves C. Inflammation of the brain mater D. inflammation of the cricoid nerve E. Inflammation of the head 8. What part of the brain controls the left part of the body? A. Central B. Frontal C. Left D. Right E. Back 9. What is the largest portion of the brain? A. Medulla oblongata B. Cerebellum C. Cerebrum D. Ventriculus E. Brain stem 10. What is the junction between neurons called? A. Axon B. Dendrite C. Synapse D. Impulse E. Reflex 11. What conducts impulses from the cell body? A. Afferent nerves B. Efferent nerves C. Motor fibers D. Sensory fibers E. Axon 12. What conducts impulses to the cell body? A. Dendrite B. Axon C. Nerve fiber D. Bundle of nerves E. All answers are right 13. Nerve is an electric current that spreads along the nerve fiber. A. cell B. ending C. bundle D. impulse E. function 14. is a simple, rapid, automatic response involving few neurons. A. Impulse B. Reflex C. Synapse D. Stimulus E. Reaction 15. The nervous system includes the brain. the spinal cord. A. central B. middle C. autonomous D. somatic E. peripheral 16. The nervous system includes the cranial nerves and spinal nerves. A. central B. middle C. autonomous D. somatic E. peripheral 17. Inflammation of the nerve is . A. nephritis B. meningitis C. myelitis D. neuritis E. neurosis 18. The reflex consists of five components. the receptor, the afferent pathway, the nervous center, the efferent pathway and the effector. A. impulse B. arc C. way D. kind E. center 19. How many pairs of cranial nerves are there? A.10 B. 30 C. 12 D. 20 E. 22 B. Pathologist C. Ophthalmologist D. Gastrologist E. Oculist 33. Deafness is . A. absence of vision B. loss of appetite C. hunger D. loss of hearing E. loss of smell 34. Blindness is . A. loss of vision B. loss of smell C. loss of balance D. loss of hearing E. loss of weight 35. How many parts does the ear have? A. 2 B. 3 C.4 D. 5 E. 1 36. What are the names of ossicles of the ear? A. Stirrup and anvil, cochlea B. Hammer and malleus, cochlea C. Malleus, incus, stapes D. Incus, stapes and cochlea E. Anvil, hammer 37. What does not belong to taste? A. Sweet B.Sour C. Bitter D. Pain E. Salty 38. You touched a hot iron with your fingers. What do you feel? A. Pain B. Thirst C. Satisfaction D. Joy E. Horror 39. How do we call the system of perception A. Digestive B. Reproductive C. Nervous D. Sensory E. Integumentary 40. What covers the human body? A. Hair B. Nails C. Skin D. Glands E. Sheet 41. What doesn't belong to the skin, appendages? A. Hair B. Nails C. Beard D. Eyelashes E. Sweat 42. Lesions of the skin are . A. wounds B. herpes C. dermatitis D. nails E. rash on it 43. What is the main duty of the nurse whe cares for bed patients? A. To prevent diseases B. To prevent decubitus ulcers C. To feed the patients D. To wash the patients E. To help the patients to walk 44. What does the term "urticaria" mean? A. Sunburn B. Contagious disease C. Allergic reaction D. Eczema E. Perspiration 45. What doctor treats diseases of the skin? A. Narcologist B. Dermatologist C. Traumatologist D. Urologist E. Ophthalmologist 46. A rash on the child's skin appears suddenly. No other symptoms. Your action: . A. To take the temperature B. To consult a doctor C. To give some medicine D. To go for a walk with the child E. To put iodine on the places of rash 47. What is the Greek equivalent of "skin"? A. Cutis B. Derma C. Dermatitis D. Tunica E. Covering 48. The color of the skin depends on the pigment called . A. sweat B. oil C.sunburn D. melanine E. milk 49. The main function of the mammary glands is . A. to produce milk B. to regulate the temperature C. to form the figure D. to protect the heart E. All answers are right 50. What does the term "perspiration" mean? A. Heat action B. Secretion of sweat C. Temperature condition D. Secretion of waste products E. Inflammation of the skin II. Grammar Exercises Exercise 1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Exercise 2. Put questions to a nurse filling the blanks with the necessary words.
Exercise 4. Translate into Ukrainian. Pay attention to the modal verbs and verbs with modal meaning.
10. He dared test this device without permission. 11.1 cannot understand why you should do it.
1. Ми можемо бачити очима, чути вухами, відчувати дотик кінчиками пальців. 2. Ці рецептори повинні бути у шкірі. 3. Ти розкажеш про сенсорну систему? 4. Твоя мама повинна проконсультуватися в офтальмолога негайно. 5. Він потребує огляду отоларинголога. 6. Можна я спочатку пройду огляд у невропатолога? Exercise 6. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verbs should/would. 1. We should all be grateful to professor Petrenko for his valuable report. 2. There was a general recognition that bone tumors should be treated surgically. 3. Doctor Hryshchenko, would you kindly comment on this cure? 4. I should like to ask professor Nesterov what was found advisable in the treatment of this disease. 5. I'd like to write down the names of prominent specialists in heart surgery. 6. It would be difficult to separate this progress from the general achievements of the science. III. Independent Work: Drugs Exercise 1. Read the text. Translate it using the vocabulary below. Drugs Every human society uses some drugs to change people's state of awareness1. Drugs can mean everything from cigarettes and alcohol to heroin, opium, amphetamines, LSD and cocaine. In our society the main drugs are alcohol, nicotine and caffeine, while in Peru chewing cola leaves (which are used to produce cocaine) is an everyday activity, and in some Middle Eastern countries smoking hashish (marijuana) or opium is legal2while alcohol is banned3. Drugs which can influence4our state of consciousness3are known as psychoactive drugs. All psychoactive drugs affect6the nervous system in some way, but they have different effects by influencing different parts of it. For example, caffeine, which we take in coffee or cola drinks, acts on the autonomic nervous system to produce a state of arousal7in the body. So it is not surprising that it helps people to wake up in the morning, but in large quantities it can make one irritable8and edgy9. Morphine and heroine are sometimes used medically, because they are powerful painkillers10. People who take the drugs report that they make them feel euphoric, as though they are not quite in touch with11that reality, and good because there is no physical discomfort or fatigue12at all. But the problem is that when it wears off13, people feel very unpleasant, so it is extremely easy to become both physically and mentally addicted14to these drags. Marijuana was widely used as a tranquillizer15in the nineteenth century, and for over two thousand years in the Far East. We know that it acts as a mild depressant, damping down16 the actions of the autonomic nervous system and producing muscular relaxation. Because of this some users report17a sense of time passing very slowly, and an increased sensitivity18to sensory19stimulation such as music or art. Ecstasy, or MDMA, is a highly prosocial drug. In other words, it makes people feel social20 and pleasant towards one another. It also enhances awareness of music and color. Ecstasy is often associated with rave music and huge discos, especially in Western Countries. It is interesting that MDMA was discovered in 1914 and was used in marriage guidance counselling21, to ease the tension between people so that they could talk over their problems more effectively. In 1970s, however, it became popular as a recreational22drug, and has now been made illegal. The stimulant drugs known as amphetamines, or "speed", also sometimes seem to have a prosocial effect, at least in small doses. But in large doses, amphetamines can lead to severe23mental illness, known as amphetamine psychosis. This involves a distortion24of reality, the person often becomes extremely paranoid and disturbed25. Amphetamines are also highly addictive drugs. Another well-known psychoactive drug is known as LSD, or sometimes as "acid"26. It is a hallucinogen27, which means that people who take it can also experience hallucinations seeing things, which are not actually present. Both natural and synthetic drags can change our moods, our state of awareness and зиг perception28of reality. They can infect the system leading to sores29, jaundice30, blood poisoning31and AIDS disease. Many signs indicate32that a person is taking drags, for example, udden changes of mood, irritability33, aggression, loss34of appetite, loss of interest in hobbies ?: friends, insomnia35, furtive behavior36, unusual smells37, stains38on the body. |