Методичка по английскому. Двух семестров (одного учебного года)
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Задание 16. Ещё раз просмотрите текст, чтобы разделить его на абзацы. Выпишите из каждого абзаца предложение, которое отражает его тему.Задание 17. Теперь в каждом абзаце найдите и запишите предложения, которые раскрывают его подтемы. Задание 18. Прочитайте текст и ответьте письменно на вопросы, которые даны после текста. Pocahontas. Many people have seen the popular Disney movie, Pocahontas. But, here is the true story of an Indian princess and the English settlers at Jamestown. In 1607 the English established a colony at Jamestown, Virginia. But the harsh (суровый) winters were more difficult than the settlers had planned and they soon found that their supplies (запасы) were becoming dangerously low. One day, during 1608, Captain John Smith and some of his men were captured (захвачены в плен) by Native Americans while they were out searching (искать) for food. Captain Smith’s men were all killed and he was taken to Chief Powhatan. The mighty (могущественный) Indian Chief ordered that Smith be killed. At the last moment, the Chief’s daughter, 13 year old Pocahontas, pleaded with (умоляла) her father and saved Captain Smith’s life. A few years later, Pocahontas would once again save the lives of many in Jamestown by warning (предупредив) the settlers of an Indian attack. She made friends with the settlers and was soon trusted (доверять) by them. In 1613, when she was 18 years old, Pocahontas accepted Jesus into her life and was baptized (крестить, принять обряд крещения)). She also took the “Christian” name of Rebecca to mark the beginning of her new life. Soon after her baptism, Pocahontas fell in love and married a Jamestown settler named John Rolfe. They had a child named Thomas (1615). In 1616, John, Rebecca and their son all traveled to England where they were given an audience from the royal court. As they prepared to return home to Virginia in 1617, Pocahontas became ill and died. She was buried (похоронена)in England. Pocahontas will always be remembered as the Indian princess who risked her own life to save Captain John Smith and the settlers of Jamestown. But the really notable (замечательный) aspect of her short life is that she was the first Native American in the new world to be converted (обращена в новую веру) and accept (приняла) Jesus Christ. 1) Who is the story about? 2) When and where did it happen? 3) What was John Smith? 4) When was John Smith captured by Indians? 5) Who saved him and how? 6) How old was Pocahontas? 7) Why do you think Pocahontas accepted Jesus in her life and was baptized? 8) What Christian name did she take? 9) Who did she marry? 10) What happened to her in England? 11) What is Pocahontas remembered for? UNIT III: STATE ORGANISATIONЗадание 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст. Great Britain is a Constitutional MonarchyGreat Britain is a constitutional monarchy, and the Crown is a permanent and continuous institution. The traditional announcement, “The King is dead, long live the King!”, typifies the immortality of royal authority. According to the Constitution the powers of the Crown are very great. Every action of the government is carried out in its name. But the Queen cannot act independently. She may exercise these powers only on the advice of her ministers, who are responsible politically to Parliament. Though the Queen is deprived of actual power, she has retained many important, though formal, functions. She summons and dissolves Parliament, gives approval to Bills passed by both Houses of Parliament; she appoints government ministers, judges, officers in the armed forces, governors, diplomats and bishops of the Church of England. The Queen appoints the Prime Minister (usually the leader of the political party which has a majority in the house of Commons) to form a government. As head of State the Queen has, in international affairs, the power to declare war and make peace, to recognize foreign states and governments, to conclude treaties, etc. She gives audiences to her ministers and other officials at home and overseas, receives accounts of Cabinet decision. She is informed and consulted on every aspect of national life. Each state has its system or body of fundamental principles and laws according to which it is constituted and governed. This system is called constitution. Two characteristics of the British constitution confuse many foreigners: there is no written constitution; it is not contained in any single document. Under the constitution government (or power) is usually divided among the three branches: legislative (Parliament, which makes laws), executive (the government, which “executes” laws, i.e. puts them into effect) and judicial (the law courts, which interpret laws). Parliament has two parts: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Members of the House of Commons are elected by the voters of 650 constituencies. They are known as MPs, or Members of Parliament. The Prime Minister, or leader of the Government, is also an MP, usually the leader of the political party with a majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is advised by a Cabinet of about twenty other ministers. The Cabinet includes the ministers in charge of major government departments or ministries. The House of Lords consists of the Lords Temporal and the Lords Spiritual. The Lords Temporal consist of hereditary peers who have inherited their titles, life peers who are appointed by the Queen on the advice of the Government for various services to the nation and the Lords of Appeal (Law Lords) who become life peers on their judicial appointments. Law Lords serve the House of Lords as the ultimate court of appeal. The appeal court consists of some nine Law Lords. They are presided over by the Lord Chancellor. The Lords Spiritual are the Archbishops and twenty four senior bishops of the Church of England. |