110302_мет._проф_2018.docx1. Методические указания к практическим занятиям по дисциплине Иностранный язык в профессиональной сфере для студентов направления подготовки
 Скачать 381.32 Kb.
|
|
Task 3. Discuss the following questions. What are the characteristics of desktop computers? Задание 3 Обсудите следующие вопросы. How do notebook computers differ from desktops? What is a tablet computer? What is a hand held and what is it used for? What type of computers can be classified as workstations? What’s so special about a mainframe computer? How powerful is a supercomputer? What makes a computer a “server”? What does a personal computer system include? What’s a peripheral device and can a hard disk be called so? Task 4. Indicate the paragraph where the following ideas are found in the text. Задание4.Найдите в тексте следующие высказывания. 1. When the drive is being used a small light indicator is on. 2.Sound characteristics of different computers vary. 3.This device is most suitable for controlling the position of the cursor. 4.It’s a device to use Internet via a phone line. 5.This system is represented by different interlinked input, output and storage devices. 6. There is a storage device that uses laser technology. Task 5.In the text find the opposites to the given words. Задание5.Найдите в тексте антонимы данных слов. internal rough unfasten secondary reduce successively Task 6. Put the letters in the following words into correct order. Задание6.Расположите буквы следующих слов в правильном порядке. peroayrtilmnetmipqeu literesav hpelarepir afuteer beroadyk Task 7. Complete the following sentences choosing one out of the variants given. Задание7.Выберите правильный вариант. 1. Which of the following statements about hard disk is not true? a) it stores data b) it’s not a peripheral c) it’s a magnetic device d) it’s placed inside a computer 2. This storage format is used to store digital video or computer data. a) a floppy disk b) CD c) a sound card d) DVD 3. What are the elements of a computer system? a) disk drives b) a monitor c) a central processor d) all of the above 4. These portable computers are ideal for mobile users. They are easy to carry and can be used outdoors without the need for an electrical outlet. a) mainframes b) notebooks c) workstations d) servers 5. Which of the following functions can a floppy disk drive perform? a) store data b) read data c) write data d) all of the above 6. This electronic device has a special pen and acts like an electronic piece of paper transferring images to the computer screen. a) a laptop b) PDA c) a tablet computer d) a mainframe Task 8.Make three-word expressions connected with computing combining words from three lists: A, B and C. Then match each expression with the appropriate phrase. Задание8.Составьте выражения из списка слов A,B, и C. и соотнесите их с соответствующими фразами, приведенными ниже. A: central B: circuit C: disk liquid video network hard processing drive main crystal UNIT digital area display local disk board 1. This computer network is located within a limited geographical area such as a small business or a university lab. 2. The part of a computer that controls all the other parts of the system. 3. An electronic device that is used to display information in many calculators and portable computers. 4. A central flat card used as a base on which electronic components are placed and then connected together by wires. 5. A type of volume used for storing movies. 6. A disk drive that passes data to or from the hard disk and the computer. Task 9.Transform the following sentences without any change in meaning. Use the prompts as they are given (words in brackets, parts of sentences). Задание 9.Измените следующие предложения, не меняя смысл высказывания. 1. The factory is equipped for computer controlled production. The factory has … for … . 2. This is our system for storing client records (provides). 3. Only privileged users can access this information. Only privileged users have … . 4. This device is primarily used to connect different peripherals (establish). 5. This device can perform a huge variety of functions. The functions … greatly. 6. Almost any equipment that can be attached to a computer to enhance its functionality is called a peripheral (designates). Task 10.Fill in the gaps in the text. Задание 10.Заполните пропущенные места в тексте по смыслу. Computers are grouped into categories, such as ___ computers, handhelds, mainframes, supercomputers, servers, workstations, and videogame ___. A ___computer is a type of microcomputer designed to ___ the needs of an individual while ___ are very expensive and used for very specific and complex ___. Task 11.Read the article and express you opinion on the problem. Задание11.Прочтите статью и выскажите свое мнение по данной проблеме. Digital Rights Management Suppose you purchase a music CD of your favorite recording group. Now you want to transfer the file to your computer, rip the best tracks, and transfer them to your portable audio player. But wait! That CD is copy protected and your computer CD drive won’t read it. You purchased the disk. Can’t you listen to the music on any device you choose? The answer is “yes” and “no”. Yes, copyright law gives you the right to make copies for your personal use and transfer works into a format that works on your equipment. However, the growing pervasiveness of digital rights management may curtail your ability to exercise these rights. It is easy to copy digital material. Before the dawn of the digital age, copies produced by analog equipment, such as photocopiers and audio tape dubbing machines, were of considerably poorer quality than the originals. Copies of digital materials, however, are indistinguishable from the originals, and that factor has encouraged an alarming increase in software, music, and movie piracy. The battle against piracy took shape as a concept called digital rights management (DRM), vigorously supported by Microsoft and backed by a host of industry leaders. Today, digital rights management encompasses a variety of technologies implemented by copyright holders, such as record companies and software publishers, which restrict the usage of digital material. DRM systems address piracy by using a variety of technologies for manipulating data, media, devices, and transactions. Software copy protection techniques include reading data written to places on a disk or CD-ROM that the drive cannot normally access, using hardware that must be plugged into the computer when the software is run, requiring a serial number during the installation process, and using Internet product activation that checks the validity of an installation. Most software copy protection schemes have proved to be costly for publishers or inconvenient for consumers. Many consumers are not aware that they pay a surcharge for every blank audio tape or CD they purchase. Collected revenues from this surcharge go to music publishers to compensate recording artists for the fact that many people duplicate works without authorization. Most of today’s music download sites encrypt music files and embed codes that limit the number of times they can be copied and the devices on which they can be played. Various formats used by different sites are not compatible with each other and require different players. Music from several different download sites cannot be compiled into a single playlist. It is becoming more common for music CDs to use play-protection technology designed to make the CD unusable in devices, such as computer CD-R drives, that can also be conveniently used for duplicating CDs. Consumers who purchase these protected CDs find that they cannot be copied to a computer hard disk, then ripped to produce an MP3 file for a portable audio player. Commercial movie DVDs use CSS (Content-Scrambling System) encryption to make DVDs playable only on authorized DVD players equipped with decryption key circuitry. Movies purchases in the UNITed States and Canada cannot be played on devices manufactured for the European or Asian markets. Despite DRM technologies and the inconveniences imposed on consumers, digital piracy remains rampant. According to an article about digital rights management posted on Wikipedia, “To date, all DRM systems have failed to meet the challenge of protecting the rights of the rights holder while also allowing the use of the rights of the purchaser. None have succeeded in preventing criminal copyright infringement by organized, unlicensed, commercial pirates.” Current DRM technologies do not seem able to distinguish between pirates and legitimate consumers. As a result, DRM technologies essentially pose restrictions on consumers that go beyond the intended limitations of copyright law. The current status of DRM seems to conflict with the original intent of copyright law to allow consumers to manipulate and copy works for their own use. Can technology eventually offer a solution that prevents piracy, but allows individuals to exercise their rights to fair use of copyrighted materials? Task 12. What do you think? Answer the questions. Задание 12.Ответьте на вопросы. 1.Have you had trouble using software or music CDs because of copy protection? 2.In your opinion, do sites like the iTunes Music Store provide consumers with enough flexibility for copying files and creating playlists? 3.Are DRM technologies justified because of the high rate of piracy? Task 13. Do the tasks in the following test. Задание 13.Выполните следующий тест. 1. The process of transferring a file from a remote computer to your personal computer is called ___. 2. Personal computer systems typically include the following devices EXCEPT ___. a) a mouse b) a hard disk drive c) a CD-ROM d) a PDA 3. The stored program concept on a computer is the single most important characteristic that distinguishes a computer from other simpler devices such as a calculator. (True/False) 4. Which of the following tasks might you perform with application software? a) locating data b) starting programs c) both a) and b) d) creating and editing documents 5. Most computer systems use a(n) ___ as the primary input device. a) monitor b) keyboard c) mouse d) floppy disk drive 6. Computers can be categorized by type, such as personal computers, handhelds and supercomputers. (True/False) 7. The computer system UNIT is the case that holds the main circuit boards, microprocessor, power supply and ___ devices. 8. A floppy disk drive is not considered a storage device. (True/False) 9. The __ is often referred to as the “brain” of the computer. a) keyboard b) monitor c) central processing UNIT d) software 10. ___ refers to the symbols that represent facts, objects and ideas. Task 14. Choose and perform one of the projects given. Задание 14.Выберите и представьте свой проект по заданным темам. 1. Although the Internet provides a global communications network, communication between people still depends on finding a common language. For this project, explore the Web and experiment with ways in which technology is being used to close the language gap. You might start at Google or Wikipedia and look at the selection of languages they offer. Chronicle your exploration, making sure to document the sites you visited. Present your conclusions about Internet use by non-English speakers in writing. 2. Whether you’re taking this course to fulfill a graduation requirement or to improve your career options take a few minutes to evaluate what you expect to gain from this course. Look though the UNITs of this textbook and select the section that you think will be the most useful, interesting and the section that seams to be the least relevant to you. Incorporate your thoughts in two or three paragraphs. Методическая литература 1. Методические указания к практическим занятиям по дисциплине «Английский язык»: аннотирование и реферирование, для студентов вторых курсов технических специальностей. Ставрополь2015 г. 2.Учебное пособие. Английский язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации для студентов института информационных технологий и телекоммуникаций. Ставрополь 2018 г. 3.Иностранный язык в сфере профессиональной коммуникации: методические рекомендации по организации самостоятельной работы студентов направления 11.03.02.Инфокоммуникационные технологии и системы связи. Профиль подготовки - Сети связи и системы коммутации (английский) / сост. ; ФГАОУ ВО Сев.-Кав. федер. ун-т. - Ставрополь: СКФУ, 2017. - с., экземпляров неограниченно. http://catalog.ncfu.ru/catalog/ncfu Ресурсы информационно-телекоммуникационной сети «Интернет» http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/ глоссарий.содержащий более 950 лингвистических терминов с перекрестными ссылками и списком источников (SIL International). Ред. Е. Е. Loos, S.Anderson. D.H.Day Jr., P.C.Jourdan, J.D.Wingate. http:// biblioclub.ru – Университетская библиотека онлайн/ http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/ LinguisticDataConsortium: лингвистический сайт университета Пенсильвании; http://orlapubs.org/ORLAPTJBS-L/L81.html электронные учебные материалы по отдельным вопросам лингвистики и грамматики. http://www.cal.org/ericcll/faqs/RGOs/linguistics.html сайт Центра прикладной лингвистики (the ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Lingu-stics, the Center for Applied Linguistics). Предоставляет материалы для изучающих иностранные языки и теорию языка. http://www.rsl.ru – Российская государственная библиотека. LESSON4 FAMOUS SCIENTISTS OF THE COMPUTER SCIENCE Task 1.Read and translate the text. Задание1.Прочитайте текст и скажите, какие достижения в области науки были сделаны данным ученым. JefRaskin JefRaskin was an American human-computer interfaceexpert best-known for starting the Macintosh project for Apple Computer in the late 1970s.He received degrees in mathematics and philosophy at the State University of New York. In 1967 he earned a master's degree in computer science at Pennsylvania State University. His first computer program, a music program, was part of his master's thesis. Raskin later enrolled in a graduate music program at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), but stopped to teach art, photography and computer science there, working as an assistant professor from 1970 until 1974. He occasionally wrote for computer publications, such as Dr. Dobb's Journal. Raskin first met Apple Computer's Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak following the debut of their Apple II personal computer at the First West Coast Computer Faire. In January 1978 Raskin joined Apple as manager of Publications.for some time he continued as director of Publications and New Product Review, and also worked on packaging and other issues. In 1982 Raskin formed Information Appliance, Inc. to implement his original concepts excluded from the Macintosh project. The first product was the SwyftCard, a firmware card for the Apple II containing an integrated application suite, also released on a disk as SwyftWare. Information Appliance later shipped the Swyft as a stand-alone laptop computer. Raskin licensed this design to Canon, which shipped a similar product as the Canon Cat. Released in 1987, the UNIT had an innovative interface that attracted much interest but it did not become a commercial success. Raskin claimed that its failure was due in some part to Steve Jobs, who successfully pitched Canon on the NeXT Computer at about the same time. It has also been suggested that Canon canceled the Cat due to internal rivalries within its divisions. Raskin also wrote a book, The Humane Interface, in which he developed his ideas about human-computer interfaces.Raskin was a long-time member of BAYCHI, the Bay-Area Computer-Human Interface group, a professional organization for human-interface designers. He presented papers on his own work, reviewed the human interfaces of various consumer products (such as a BMW car he'd bought, which turned out to be less intelligent than its designers had imagined), and discussed the work of his colleagues in various companies and universities. Task 2. Do the summary of the text. Задание2.Сделайте к тексту аннотацию на английском языке. Task 3. Read and translate this conversation. Задание3.Прочитайте диалог по ролям. Ann: David, have you ever heard of Peter Norton? David: Oh, yes! If you mean Peter Norton, who is a programmer, I can tell you about his life. Ann: As far as I see you are interested in the history of programming. David: It’s my hobby. What would you want to know? |