Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов Издание шестое, стереотипное
 Скачать 1.44 Mb.
|
|
Упражнение 21. Выберите правильный глагол из приведенных в скобках. 1. The car has ... (brought, brought about) mobility to millions of people, but at the same time polluted the atmosphere. 2. The scientific and technological achievements ... (brought, brought about) great changes in people’s life and work. 3. A lot of people came to ... (look at, look for) a new invention, the television set, at the World Fair in New York. 4. It was necessary ... (to look at, to look for) a more reliable method of calculation. 5. The airplane «Ruslan» can ... (carry, carry out) up to 150 tons. 6. Research is be ing ... (carried, carried out) for developing new composite materi als to lighten aircraft structure. Упражнение 22. Заполните пропуски предлогами by, with, for, at, in. The steam was invented ... James Watt, who worked ... many years before he could make the instruments ... which he perfected his machine. ... first he worked ... primitive tools so he could not make his engine well-regulated. The old machine was kept going ... a boy who stood by it and let... the air ... means of which the steam was condensed at every revolution. ... this machine, though it was imperfect, some work was done and it had been used ... a large mine-owner (шахтовладелец) to pump out the water. The first ef ficient steam-engine was made ... a Birmingham firm and it was soon used...nearly every manufacturer. The revolution in industry made ... this machine was extremely great. Упражнение 23. Дайте недостающие формы глаголов, запомните их. held, flown, overcome, withstanding, lain, flow, burnt. Упражнение 24. Прочитайте и переведите без словаря. «Even the birds aren’t flying today» is an old saying used to in dicate that the weather for flying is extremely bad. And for man nothing has a greater effect on flying than the weather. And be cause of its changing so quickly and without warning an extensive network of weather stations has been set up for helping the pilots get all the information about weather. Before flying pilots may get current weather information on changing conditions along their route or at their destination. The weather reporting system helps overcoming many difficulties in flying. In winter, e.g., icing can cause the reduction of lift efficiency of airplane by changing the flow of air. Pilot’s being informed about the weather allows him to avoid weather problems. The weather being too bad, pilots just stay on the ground like any wise (опытный) bird. CONVERSATION Exercise 1. Answer the questions.
Exercise 2. Make a sentence out of the two parts.
Departure Ann: Well, good-bye, then! I hope you will have a pleasant journey. Bob: I hope so too. The weather isn’t too bad, anyway.
Bob: I think, the people of today are the most intelligent (умный) people who have ever lived. Mary: Before answering this question I want you to listen to the fol lowing words: «Flying machines are possible. A man may sit in the middle of the machine and turn some device. This device makes the artificial wings beat the air in the manner of a flying bird.»
М.: But they were written six hundred years ago.
М.: Roger Bacon, an English scientist. Of course, his sentences have been made easier, but these were his words and thoughts. Have you heard about him?
a monk (монах) and was in prison for many years. М.: You are quite right. Besides, he made a deep study of physics. And this was the reason (причина) for his being in prison. He made men think about new things.
girl I’ve ever met. Do you agree with me, Peter? Peter: Oh, sure. And I remember Bakon’s statement about cars that can go very rapidly by their own power and great ships on rivers and oceans guided by one man. Exercise 4. Speak about:
Use exercises 1, 2 and the following words and word combinations for your topic: The text gives the information on... It is interesting to note that... Speaking about... Further description of... is given. It is pointed out that... As far as I know... In conclusion I’d like to say that... aviation designers, to display, to cover the distance, overall, to heat to a very high temperature, new generation aircraft, to overcome difficulties in, a great amount of, without using, extensive use of new materials, exceed, to solve a prob lem. Exercise 5. Comment on the following statement. Air transport has many advantages and many disadvantages. One point of view : It is fast, comfortable, safe, it is particularly good and effi cient for long distances, it is independent of roads, it is good for the health because it is not tiring (утомительно), it is the most modem means of transport and it is the best way of travelling. A contrary point of view : It is not safe, it is not reliable, it depends on the weather, it is not always good for the health, it always takes a long time to get from and to the airport, it is expensive, it is always connected with nervous strain (напряжение, стресс) Exercise 6. Read and smile. A teacher was explaining fractions to the class of girls and boys. After having written several examples on the blackboard, he asked a boy whether he would prefer (предпочитать) one-fifth or one- eighth of a lemon. «I’d prefer one-eighth, sir.» Then the teacher began explaining again that though the frac tion one-eighth looked larger than the fraction one-fifth, it was re ally the smaller of the two. «I know that, sir. I don’t like lemons.» Einstein for a Day Albert Einstein, one of the world’s most brilliant and respected scientists, is best known for formulating the theory of relativity which played a critical part in the development of atomic energy. What may not be widely known is that Einstein had a fine sense of humor. There is an amusing story about Einstein’s visiting universities in a car driven by a chauffeur, giving lectures on relativity. One day the chauffeur said: «Mr. Einstein, I’ve heard you give this lecture about 30 times. I know it by heart, and I am sure I could give it my self.» «Well, I’ll give you a chance», said Einstein. «They won’t re cognise me at the school. When we get there, I’ll put on your cap and you introduce yourself as me and give the lecture.» The chauffeur gave Einstein’s lecture without making a single mistake. On finishing, he started to leave, but one of the professors stopped him to ask a complex question. The chauffeur thought fast. «That problem is so trivial», he said, «I’m surprised that you have to ask me. In fact, to show you how simple it is, I’m going to ask my chauffeur to come up here and answer your question.» Text 8B Прочитайте текст. Ответьте на следующие вопросы: Почему вернулись вновь к использованию дирижабля? Чем отличаются современные дирижабли от первых конструкций? Каково их практическое применение? Какие сведения из текста вам знакомы? Что нового вы узнали, прочитав этот текст? The Return of the Dirigibles When it comes to technology, people are not inclined to return to the past. Yet, some exceptions do exist. Such is the attitude at present towards dirigibles. Having abandoned the skies more than 40 years ago, they have suddenly begun to reappear. Designers have once again sat down to design this kind of transportation. Their use can still be limited, but there is no doubt that dirigibles are coming back. Why is dirigible attractive? What do you do with it? As its cruis ing speed is about 60 miles per hour, it is too slow to be used as a passenger carrier. But it is cheaper to operate than a helicopter, comfortable and capable of flying for several days. The craft’s large size and staying power (dirigibles have remained in skies for as long as a week) make it ideally suited for exploration. Their use in countries that have large territories and are rich in forests and are planning to explore and exploit new regions is most promising. They may be used to make a geological survey and to make maps, to look for off-shore oil and minerals, to take tourists to roadless, but beautiful places, to deliver heavy loads to remote regions and bring the products back. They have a potential use as a flying platform. In general, their possibilities are endless. They do not need expensive runways required by cargo planes. Besides, the technological possibilities of manufacturing these crafts have changed. In 1920 and 1930s the dirigibles were manned by a big crew. Today being equipped with electronic control they can be operated by three pilots. The modern dirigibles have one more important advantage over older models — that of complete safety in flight, for, instead of hy drogen, they are filled with helium which does not burn. The craft is 200 feet long and is made of superstrong materials. In the future it may be possible to build a dirigible with a metal hull that could carry hundreds of passengers and transport cargo around the world. In fact, it is probably as a cargo vehicle that the dirigible will have the best chance to find its use. Text 8C |