В. Н. Бгашев е. Ю. Долматовская английский язык для студентов машиностроительных специальностей учебник

• Название: В. Н. Бгашев е. Ю. Долматовская английский язык для студентов машиностроительных специальностей учебник
• Дата: 04.06.2021
• Размер: 1.36 Mb.
• Имя файла: english.docx
• Тип: Учебник; #213837
• страница: 20 из 43

14. Дополните таблицу недостающими формами глаголов.

I	II	III
	found	found
to learn to be to see
	was, were saw founded
to know		known taken
	took
to have
	gave heard
		heard
to begin to supply
		supplied
	came used did
		' used
		put
to become to understand to provide

15. 
    Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в нужную форму.
    

1. 
   Не (to like) physics and mathematics when he (to be) at school. 2. Let’s try to answer questions which you (not to ask) yet. 3. Several famous scientists (to make) reports at the conference yesterday. 4. I already (to see) this device at the exhibition. 5. When you (to discuss) this problem with our chief engineer? — We (to discuss) it a few days ago. 6. Radical changes (to take place) in this country since then.
   

TEXT STUDY

15. 
    Завершите предложения, выбрав соответствующие окончания в правом столбце.
    

1. 
   Engineering is...
   
2. 
   It is based on ...
   
3. 
   In ancient times engineering work was done...
   
4. 
   In the Middle Ages the methods and devices of work...
   
5. 
   In the 18th century...
   
6. 
   Steam gave man...
   
7. 
   Since the 19th century both scientific research and its practical application...
   
8. 
   In the 20th century the mechanical engineer had...
   
9. 
   The engineer has new and...
   

1. 
   many new sources of power such as electricity, gasoline, atomic power, etc.
   
2. 
   the Industrial Revolution began.
   
3. 
   one of the most ancient oc­cupations in history.
   
4. 
   and much stronger materials to work with.
   
5. 
   by means of slave labor.
   
6. 
   became more efficient.
   
7. 
   theoretical sciences such as physics and mathematics.
   
8. 
   great sources of energy.
   
9. 
   have greatly progressed.
   

17. Пользуясь информацией из текста, дополните таблицу.

Engineering specialty	Its forerunner	Its function
mechanical engineer	toolmakers who chipped arrows and spears from rock	to make tools and machinery
mining engineer
civil engineer
metallurgical engineer

DISCUSSION

• 
  Ответьте на вопросы по теме “The Engineering Profession”.
  

1. 
   Who were the forerunners of modern mechanical, mining and metallurgical, and civil engineers? 2. How is engineering often defined?
   

3. 
   What kind of information were many of the early branches of engineering based on? Give some examples. 4. Name two important factors in the explosion of scientific knowledge in modem times. 5. What made people in the Middle Ages in Europe begin to experiment with new devices and methods of work? 6. What was the historical result of experimentation with different kinds of energy? 7. Who was James Watt? Why did he devise the concept of horsepower? 8. What advantages have scientific research and its applications given to the mechanical engineer?
   

9. 
   What energy sources have come into common use since steam engines were developed at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution?
   

• 
  Расскажите об истории развития инженерной профессии. Используйте актив- ную лексику раздела.
  

Active Vocabulary

Область применения	Существительные и сочетания с существительными	Глаголы	Прилагательные
1. Специалисты различных отраслей техники	toolmaker craftsman mining engineer metallurgical engineer civil engineer		efficient human
2. Машины и механизмы	steam engine device arrow	to erect to escalate to refine
3. Методы исследо­вания, используемые при расчетах меха­низмов, и дисцип­лины, связанные с этим	empirical information observation experience mechanical advantage horsepower physics mathematics
4. Деятельность инженера в разли­чных областях		to discover to perform to provide to calculate to depend upon

В

• 
  Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания.
  

to expand — расширять: expansion of scientific knowledge to increase — увеличивать: the increase of scientific knowledge to grow — расти: the growth in the number of specialties; the growth in the number of engineering fields

competition — соревнование: to compete with somebody head — глава, руководитель: to head something to contribute — делать вклад: to combine the contributions made by all the different disciplines

advanced — продвинутый, повышенного типа: advanced edu­cation; advanced degree.