В. Н. Бгашев е. Ю. Долматовская английский язык для студентов машиностроительных специальностей учебник
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Расположите слова списка (а) в алфавитном порядке. Найдите по словарю их перевод. Переведите словосочетания списка (Ь). production, belt, line, engineer, process, manufacturing, automation mass production, conveyer belt, assembly line, industrial engineer, manufacturing process, continuous-process manufacturing, assembly line manufacturing, computer-controlled automation Прочитайте текст еще раз и определите, какие процессы в производстве описаны в тексте, ориентируясь на модель. + ing ►процесс to control — управлять — controlling — управление 1. ...piping music into the plant... 2. ...painting an industrial apparatus... ...refining petroleum... 4. ...making petrochemicals... 5. ...refining steel... Определите производителей следующих процессов, упомянутых в тексте. Ответ дайте на русском и английском языках. Для самоконтроля воспользуйтесь словарем. + ог ► деятель, производитель to produce — производить — producer — производитель to convey, to work, to manufacture, to control, to paint Перефразируйте следующие фрагменты предложений, следуя образцу, и переведите их. После этого найдите предложения в тексте и переведите предложения полностью. Model: ...another factor to consider... ► another factor which should be considered — другой фактор, который следует рассмотреть 1. ...the parts to assemble... 2. ...a word to describe the process... ...windmills to turn... 4. ...steel to refine... Прочитайте текст еще раз и найдите в нем словосочетания, равнозначные по значению следующим. 1. ...manufacturing of large quantities of similar products with each worker in the plant performing only a limited number of operations on the product... 2. ...an arrangement of equipment, machines and workers so that work passes in line until the product is assembled... 3. ...the process of operating and controlling mechanical devices by automatic means without action by human beings... а) Найдите слово с обобщающим значением, system, conveyer, drive, assembly line б) Найдите словосочетания с обобщенным значением. continuous-process manufacturing, making petrochemicals, steel refining, petroleum refining в) Найдите слова, которые используются для характеристики производства, production, productivity, efficiency, operation, process, belt, advance Определение технического понятия объекта включает в себя название технического понятия Ni, класс (группу), к которому оно относится N2, характеристику понятия, обычно представленную придаточным предложением с wh-word. Модели: N Aluminium is defined as metal Aluminium is metal which is used in engineering. i means N2 N1 refers to N2 N1 is defined as N2
Aluminium is metal. Используя информацию задания 7 и содержание текста, заполните таблицу.
Найдите в тексте предложения со сказуемым, образованным по модели have + V«i, и объясните необходимость употребления этих форм с точки зрения их значимости для всего текста. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык; обратите особое внимание на значения глагольных форм. 1. The technology used at this plant has been improved. 2. Every object of our industrialized world has flown from the machine-tool. 3. The production engineer has planned the flow of the material into the finished product. 4. After the engineer had made the necessary calculations he applied his results in designing a new project. 5. By the 1920s Soviet engineers had introduced some automatic machine-tools into most processing industries. 6. The distinguishing qualities of aluminium have been described in this article. 7. The new plastic has been selected for manufacturing the body of a new car. 8.The properties of this substance had been determined by the end of last month. 9. All the variables affecting the strength of this metal have been controlled in the mechanical test, the strength will have been determined by the end of this week. G Ni is as Adj as N2 RAMMAR REVISION 1. Сравнительные конструкции N1 is not so Adj as N2
Найдите во втором абзаце предложение со сравнительной конструкцией, образованной по модели “Ni is as Adj as N2”. Переведите его на русский язык. а) Переделайте предложения, употребив конструкцию as... as. Model: This car is the same size as that. This car is as big (small) as that. 1. This device is the same price as that. 2. This machine is the same size as that. 3. This tyre is the same height as that. 4. This suspension is the same weight as that. 5. This tyre is the same width as that. 6. These materials are the same hardness as those. 7. This road is the same length as that. б) Переделайте предложения, употребив отрицательную конструкцию not so... as. Model: This problem is hardly as important as that. This problem is not so important as that. This method is hardly as effective as that. 2. These results are hardly as interesting as Petrov’s. 3. Mr Smith’s research is hardly as important as Mr. Black’s. 4. This device is hardly as useful as that. 5. This apparatus is hardly as cheap as that. 6. Mr Klimov’s knowledge in physics is hardly as deep as Mr Ivanov’s. Предложения, полученные в задании 11, переделайте в новые, употребив конструкцию less... than. Model: This problem is not so important as that. This problem is less important than that. 13. Изучите следующую таблицу сравнения с количественными данными. Обратите внимание на место слов, обозначающих количество, в сравнительных конструкциях.
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