В. Н. Бгашев е. Ю. Долматовская английский язык для студентов машиностроительных специальностей учебник

• Название: В. Н. Бгашев е. Ю. Долматовская английский язык для студентов машиностроительных специальностей учебник
• Дата: 04.06.2021
• Размер: 1.36 Mb.
• Имя файла: english.docx
• Тип: Учебник; #213837
• страница: 31 из 43

Соедините два предложения в одно, используя одну из моделей сравнения.

Models:

1. 
   A is larger than В.
   
2. 
   В is not so large as A.
   
3. 
   В is smaller than A.
   
4. 
   A is not so small as B.
   

1. 
   The British engine weighs 3 tons; the French engine weighs V/i tons. 2. The temperature in this room is 28°C; the temperature outside the room is 22°C. 3. Alcohol boils at 78°C; water boils at 100°C. 4. The journey takes 4 hours by day; it takes 5 hours at night. 5. Our car moves fast. Their car moves faster. 6. Your experiment is difficult. Our experiment is more difficult.
   

14. 
    Закончите предложения, используя сравнительную степень в конструкции the... the (чем ... тем) по модели.
    

Model: The more you read the more you enlarge your vocabulary.

1. 
   The earlier the problem’s solution is found the ... . 2. The greater the efforts of scientists and engineers the.... 3. The better the experimental design the.... 4. The more accurate the calculations the... .5. The clearer the definition of a task the .... 6. The better the experimental technique the .... 7. The more reliable the results the ....
   

14. 
    Найдите в первом абзаце текста предложение, в котором говорится об обо­значении определенного количества операций. Переведите его на русский язык. Об­ратите внимание на то, что обозначение количества в английском языке находится в прямой зависимости от исчисляемости/неисчисляемости существительных.
    

2. Обозначение количества с исчисляемыми существительными

	few not many a few some
There are		small certain	number of	cars in front of the plant.
	u	large great considerable
	a great many a lot of plenty of

	little not much a little some
There is		small certain	amount of		fresh air in this shop.
	d	large great considerable
	a great deal of a lot of plenty of

14. 
    Ответьте на следующие вопросы, используя подходящую фразу из таблиц, приведенных выше.
    

1. 
   How many tyres a year does this plant produce? 2. How much power do you need to drive a large liner through the water? 3. Are there many plants in our country? 4. How much petroleum is pumped out of the ground every year? 5. What percentage of people in our country work in factories? 6. How much oxygen is needed to burn a ton of coal? 7. How much of our country’s electrical supply is derived from water power?
   

18. Выберите из текста предложения с исчисляемыми или неисчисляемыми су­ществительными, к которым можно было бы поставить вопросы How many? и How much? Запишите полученные вопросы в таблицу.

с исчисляемыми существительными	с неисчисляемыми существительными

TEXT STUDY

19. 
    Определите, какие из приводимых парных высказываний соответствуют со­держанию текста.
    

а) 1. Mass production referred to manufacturing processes with an assembly line. 2. Mass production refers to manufacturing processes with an assembly line.

2. 
   1. Automated processes do tasks which have been performed by people. 2. Automated processes do tasks which were performed by people.
   
3. 
   1. Automation was first applied to assembly line manufacturing, then to continuous-process manufacturing such as refining steel.
   

2. 
   Assembly line manufacturing was a later development of industrial automation.
   

19. 
    Соедините следующие пары предложений между собой с помощью союзов, предлогов и других коннекторов.
    

1. 
   where
   

A conveyer belt moves the product to stations. Each worker performs a limited number of operations.

2. 
   who
   

A complex system moves car parts to workers. The workers perform necessary assembly tasks.

3. 
   by + ...Ving
   

Model: Productivity was increased. The music was piped into the plant.

Productivity was increased by piping music into the plant.

1. 
   Productivity was increased. The industrial apparatus was painted in bright colours.
   
2. 
   Productivity was increased. The workers were given a variety of tasks.
   

19. 
    Заполните таблицу фрагментами предложений из текста и их переводом.
    

Характерные черты современного машиностроения	Примеры воплощения этих черт
Mass production technique Automation	1. 2. 3.

DISCUSSION

• 
  Ответьте на вопросы.
  

1. 
   What is a major development in manufacturing in the twentieth century? 2. How is mass production often exemplified by the assembly of automobiles? 3. Discuss efficiency and productivity in mass production.
   

3. 
   Describe some experiments to increase productivity on assembly lines.
   
4. 
   When and why was the word “automation” coined? 6. Give some examples of automation that were in use before the word itself was created.
   

7. 
   To what kinds of industries was automation first applied? 8. What was a later development in industrial automation?
   

A
• Приготовьте сообщение на данные темы, предварительно заполнив следующие схемы. Воспользуйтесь разделом Active Vocabulary.

1. Характерные черты массового производства.

			in which where
mass production	—►	manufacturing process

2. Сборочный конвейер на автомобильном заводе.

4. Внедрение автоматизации в производство.
ctive Vocabulary

Область применения	Существительные и сочетания с существительными	Глаголы	Коннекторы
1. Машины и меха­низмы	assembly line conveyer belt chain drive automatic valve steam engine	to move to assemble to perform to increase to produce to work	first long before that especially
2. Автоматизация	continuous process computer-controlled automation quality control
3. Характеристика производства	efficiency productivity responsibility for the product advance development monotony

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