c) Newspapers, that was it! There was a pile of them in the corner, and I scattered them
over the floor and the bed. This was a common practice in the district and if Mr. Percy Cudlip
knew how many babies were born yearly on the "Daily Herald", he would be most surprised.
I put a bowl with hot water on the table, took some soap and brush from the bag and started
scrubbing.
"Oh, Doctor, Doctor!" cried the mother. "Calm down!" I said quietly. I went on scrubbing. The mother moaned. A cat which had not been removed, jumped in the middle of the newspapers and started tearing them with its claws (кігті).
d) Suddenly I became aware of a new note in the mother's cries - a higher weak noise. I
dropped the soap and pulled down the blanket.
The baby was washed and put into a drawer (ящик) of a wardrobe that for a year was to be his cot. The mother was delighted and said she had never had such a comfortable delivery.
"Do you do a lot of babies, Doctor?" she asked. "Hundreds," I said. "Every day." "I'll call him after you, Doctor. I always call them after the doctor or the nurse."
I was very proud of the child. It was my first baby, born through my own skill and care. I had already forgotten that my single manoever in helping the delivery was pulling back the blanket.
(From Doctor in the House by R. Gordon) Exercise 7. Give English words meaning the following.
1) Afield of medicine that studies physiological and pathological processes associated with
pregnancy, delivery and postnatal period;
a specialist that helps women during childbirth;
a woman that is having her baby;
a baby that is born before term;
a process of uniting a spermatozoon with an egg;
a baby that has just been born;
a chamber where premature babies are kept.
Exercise 8. Retell the text according to the plan.
Gordon appears in the house of a woman in labor.
Gordon reads the textbook.
His preparations for the delivery.
The happy end.
Exercise 9. Say whether these statemens are true or false.
Premature babies are always stillborn.
In the 19"' century most women gave birth to their children in maternity homes.
Abortions are harmless for a woman's health.
Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite are characteristic sings of early pregnancy.
In all cases when a woman misses her period, she must be considered pregnant.
Vaginal bleeding during early pregnancy is a true sign of a miscarriage.
If a woman is not able to conceive normally, artificial conception can help her.
II. Grammar Exercises
Exercise 1. Form verbs from the following words with the help of the given prefixes and suffixes. Translate them into Ukrainian, en-: rich, large, circle, joy -fy: simple, test, pure -ize: critic, real, summary, analysis -en: short, strength, wide, light, weak
Exercise 2. Complete the following sentences.
1. I wish ... .2. She looks as if ... . 3. If I were you, ... . 4. It is important that ... . 5. I suggest that ... . 6. If I were a president, .... 7. Had 1 more spare time, I ... .
Exercise 3. Translate the sentences into English. Pay attention to the place of the adverbs in them.
1. Іноді речовина може бути твердою чи м'якою. 2. Стан речовини зазвичай залежить від температури. 3. Вода рідко зустрічається в природі у чистому вигляді. 4. Кілька років тому вчені ще не знали всіх властивостей цього хімічного елемента. 5. Ця речовина щойно вступила в реакцію з повітрям. 6. Зазвичай ця сіль білого кольору. 7. Він зараз у лабораторії зі студентами. 8. Зараз ми поговоримо про стан речовин, а потім про їхні властивості.
Exercise 4. Put in articles where required.
1. Here is ... prescription for ... vitamin B. 2. I'll put you on ... sick leave till ... end of ... week. 3. ... other day we carried out ... experiment on ... animals during our practical studies. A. ... chemist's shop in ... Kyiv Street is ... largest in ... city. 5. Not to confuse different remedies ... label must be stuck on ... bottle or ... box containing drugs. 6. ... name of ... medicine and ... direction for its administration are usually written on ... label. 1....last week my brother caught ... cold. We called in ... district doctor. When ... doctor examined my brother, he prescribed my brother ... home treatment, ... scalding foot bath and ... medicine for ... headache and cough. 8. Here are ... ampules of... glucose you need for ... intravenous injections. 9. 1 made ... appointment with ... district doctor for 12 o'clock. When ... doctor examined me, he wrote out... prescription for ... medicine. I ordered it, ... chemist gave me ... bottle of mixture and said that I had to keep it in .. .cool place.
Exercise 5. Translate into English.
У сучасній медицині проблемам акушерства та гінекології приділяється велика увага. Вивчаються питання ведення пологів, профілактики асфіксії плода. Учені запроваджують у практику (to introduce into practice) міри профілактики та лікування безпліддя, токсикозів вагітності, акушерського травматизму, кровотеч та інших ускладнень вагітності та пологів. Ведуться дослідження щодо знеболювання пологів. Спеціалісти вивчають методи діагностики різних хвороб.
III. Independent Work: Childbirth
Exercise 1. Read the text and translate it:
Scarlett looked at Prissy. For a moment her mind refused to accept the truth, but when realization came finally to her that Prissy knew no more about midwifery than she did, anger went over her like a flame.
At that moment the moaning from the second floor ceased and Melanie's voice, weak and trembling, called, "Scarlett, is it you? Please, come! Please!"
For a moment Scarlett stood still, listening to the low moaning which had begun again. She tried to think of all the things Mammy1 and Ellen had done for her when her son was born, but the merciful blurring of the childbirth pains obscured almost everything in mist2. She did recall a few things and she spoke to Prissy rapidly, authority in her voice.
"Make a fire in the stove and keep hot water boiling in the kettle. Bring all the towels you can find. And give me the scissors. Don't come telling me you can't find them. Bring them and bring them quick. Now hurry."
She jerked3 Prissy to her feet and sent her to the kitchen. Then she started up the stairs. It was going to be difficult telling Melanie that she and Prissy were to deliver her baby.
She wished she had paid more attention to the whispered conversations of matrons on the subjects of childbirth. If only she had! If only she had been more interested in such matters she would know whether Melanie was taking a long time or not4. She had a vague memory of one of Aunt Pitty's stories of her friend who was in labor for two days and died without having the baby. Suppose, Melanie should go on like this for two days! But Melanie was so delicate. She wouldn't stand two days of this pain. She will die soon if the baby doesn't hurry.
... It was all over. Melanie was not dead, and the new born boy, who made noises like a little kitten, was receiving his first bath at Prissy's hands. Melanie was asleep. How could she sleep after the nightmare of screaming pain and ignorant midwifery that hurt more than it helped? Why wasn't she dead? Scarlett knew that she herself would have died under such handling. But when it was over, Melanie had even whispered so weakly that she had to bend over her to hear, "Thank you".
Notes:
'Mammy - матінка; няня-негритянка
2the merciful blurring of the childbirth pains obscured almost everything in mist - все розпливалося як у тумані, милосердно стерте із пам'яті муками пологових перейм 3to jerk - різко штовхати
4she would know whether Melanie was taking a long time or not - їй було б зрозуміліше зараз, затягнулись у Мелані пологи чи ні
Exercise 2. Find English equivalents in the text.
Пологові болі, приймати пологи, протягом двох днів, витримати біль, пронизливий біль, догляд за, акушерство.
Exercise 3. Translate the typical questions an obstetrician asks her patients.
At what age did you have your first period?
How long is your period?
Are discharges excessive (moderate)?
Do you have pains during your period?
5. Are these attacks accompanied by giddiness, nausea, vomiting, urinary frequency
increase, breathlessness, loss of consciousness, high temperature?
6. Have you had any gynecological disorders?
LESSON THIRTY-SEVEN
I
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Speaking
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Computers in Our Life
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11
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Grammar
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Revision
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I. Speaking
Exercise 1. Read and learn the words hardware - апаратне забезпечення monitor монітор keyboard - клавіатура printer принтер
connection - зв'язок; з'єднання, сполучення software - програмне забезпечення run on the computer - запускати на
комп'ютері word processing programs - текстовий
редактор
graphics program - графічний редактор spreadsheets program - бухгалтерська програма
desktop publishing program - видавнича програма
and word combinations.
key in, type in - друкувати save information - зберігати інформацію retrieve information - отримувати інформацію database management program - програма
управління базами даних personal computer - персональний комп'ютер local network - локальна мережа IBM compatible - сумісний з обладнанням
фірми IBM vendor - продавець hard disk - жорсткий диск
Exercise 2. Read the text and translate it.Computers in Our LifeEverybody knows that computers can facilitate our everyday duties, work or study. But are >u computer literate? Do you know the essential concepts in informatics? Can you work with .. computer? These notes will help you to get some information about computers.Computer hardware consists of a computer, a monitor, a keyboard, a printer, and their connections. The software contains the various programs you run on your computer. The most common programs used in business are those for word processing (writing letters, faxes, documents, contracts), spread sheets (for budgets and financial analysis), database management programs (for keeping names and addresses of customers), accounting (for bookkeeping), graphics programs (for drawing charts), communications programs (for electronic mail, Internet), desktop publishing programs (for producing manuals, catalogs); the operator keys in (types in) the information which can be saved and retrieved at a later date. Most businesses nowadays use personal computers (or PCs), which are often linked together in a local network. This is a big change from the days when time had to be rented on mainframe computer. Nowadays these are only used by very large businesses, universities, or government departments. The two most popular types of computers currently are those of IBM and Apple (the Macintosh). It was IBM who set the standard for the PC which others later imitated. That is why, in order to be able to use the widest range of software, a computer has to be IBM compatible. The most successful software company now is Microsoft with its Windows programs for different years. Microsoft has done a good job of making Windows of each year compatible with software developed for previous versions of Windows, and with MS-DOS. Prices for what is now considered the minimum standard for a new PC are hundreds of dollars more than they were just a couple of years ago. PC makers have simply been selling desktop systems based on the Intel 486 processor. Nearly all new systems are now sold with an Intel Pentium processor. Laptop vendors are also carrying mostly Pentium systems. It is true that those newer models have a faster processor, more memory, a larger hard disk drive and a faster CD-ROM drive than previous models. Exercise 3. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.1. New electronic technology is potentially the greatest educational innovation since the invention of the printing press. 2. The computer can project your actions in a special program for 50 year into the future and show the consequences. 3. Computers have two big problems to overcome: the high cost of the equipment and the opposition of some teachers. 4. Now small, self-contained microcomputers priced as low as 600 USD perform all the tasks needed by most. 5. Do computers actually help students learn better than traditional methods? 6.What software do you use while working with computer? 7. Have you saved the new information? Do you remember the file name? Exercise 4. Make up sentences with the words and word combinations.
hardware, software
to connect, connection, connecting, connector
to key in, to type in, a key, a typist
to save (life, time, information, money)
to retrieve (information, mistake, fortune), retrieval, retrievable
Exercise 5. What would you say if you took part in these conversations? Act themout.A: Our firm bought 4 computers recently. But I don't know whether they will help us in our work. What do you think about it? В: I suppose that .... A: I know that computers are necessary for quick processing of information. But we have no modern software on our computers. Do you think it will influence the quality of our work? В: I think .... A: We have word processing, spreadsheets, database management, graphics, desktop publishing programs. But actually I can't understand why we need them. В: I can help you .... A: I can't save information on my computer. Could you explain how to do it? B: Yes, with pleasure .... A: Will you help me to print the information I've just saved as the file "'march.doc"? What tools shall I use for it? B: You should, first of all, ... . Exercise 6. Act as an interpreter in the conversation:Mr. Rubin: Наша компанія планує забезпечити свій головний офіс 10 комп'ютерами. Я б хотів знати, яке апаратне та програмне забезпечення Ви б порекомендували нам використати? Interpreter: ...Mrs. Douglas: I would recommend you to use the newest software of Microsoft International, especially their last project for Windows. It's a reliable program with huge possibilities and modern tools. You can achieve good results with this software, I'm sure. Interpreter: ....Mr. Rubin: А як щодо апаратного забезпечення? Interpreter: .... Mrs. Douglas: I suppose Apple would be the best and the prices are competitive. They provide the clients with monitors, keyboards, printers and all the connections, and also they give 6-month guarantee for their goods. Interpreter: ....Mr. Rubin: Я знаю, що зараз багато програм, які допомагають вести бухгалтерію. Для чого конкретно може бути пристосована така програма? Interpreter: ....Mrs. Douglas: You can use such a program for budgets and financial analysis, for every day work of your Financial Department, for connection with your bank, etc. Exercise 7. Conversation topics.
Computers in our everyday life: advantages and disadvantages.
Do you use a computer in your studies at college?
3. Is it necessary for a contemporary person to know how the computer works and how to use it?
In what cases is it more efficient to use a computer than to do the job without using it?
Can computers substitute teachers in school studies?
What possibilities will open to you while using computers?
II. Grammar Exercises
Exercise 1. Name the parts of speech of the following words, pay attention to their suffixes.
type - typical - typically
synthesis - synthetic - synthetically - synthesize
extract - extraction — extractive
form - formation - formal - formally
civilize - civil - civilization
herb - herbarium - herbaceous
preventive - prevention - prevent
identity - identification - identify - identical
select - selection - selective - selectively
effect - effective - effectively
prepare - preparation - preparative
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